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1.
J Bodyw Mov Ther ; 37: 188-193, 2024 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38432805

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: The lower quarter Y-balance test (YBT-LQ), which measures dynamic postural control, has been reported to be predictive of lower limb injuries in athletes. It requires subjects to control their body while maintaining a single-leg stance, which necessitates sufficient strength of the hip muscles to maintain stability. The purpose of the study was to investigate the correlation between the performance of the YBT-LQ and the hip abductor or extensor muscle strength in athletes following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery (ACLR). METHODS: Fifteen athletes with post-ACLR participated in this cross-sectional study. The participants completed the YBT-LQ, followed by isokinetic measurement of the hip abductor and extensor muscles of both the legs. The peak and average torque of the hip abductor and extensor muscles were tallied with the composite score of the YBT-LQ for each limb. RESULTS: No correlation was found between the strength of the hip muscles and the YBT-LQ composite score in both injured and non-injured limbs at all velocities except for the eccentric hip abductor and concentric hip extensor torques. The eccentric hip abductor average torque is strongly associated with the YBT-LQ (r = 0.663, p = 0.010) at a speed of 180°/s. The concentric hip extensor peak torque was weakly correlated with balance (r = 0.540, p = 0.046) at a speed of 180°/s. CONCLUSION: Our study demonstrated a positive correlation between the YBT-LQ and eccentric hip abduction and concentric hip extension at higher velocities. This shows the importance of implementing velocity-oriented rehabilitation in an athletic population following ACLR.


Assuntos
Reconstrução do Ligamento Cruzado Anterior , Perna (Membro) , Humanos , Estudos Transversais , Atletas , Força Muscular
2.
J Bodyw Mov Ther ; 37: 315-322, 2024 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38432823

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Instrument assisted soft tissue mobilization and foam rolling are two techniques that have been proven effective in treating Myofascial Trigger Points, irrespective of the type of trigger point. However, little is known about the comparative effectiveness of Instrument assisted soft tissue mobilization and foam rolling. This study proposed to evaluate the effectiveness of either technique on plantar flexors trigger points, ankle dorsiflexion, and lower limb power present in the calf muscles in non-symptomatic patients. METHOD: Forty-two subjects with bilateral calf muscle tightness, at least one trigger point in the calf muscle, and fulfilling the inclusion criteria were randomly assigned to either of the groups. Group A was treated for gastrocnemius and soleus trigger points using Instrument assisted soft tissue mobilization and Group B was treated using the Foam Rolling method. Treatment was given every alternate day, a total of 3 sessions. Subjects were evaluated on 1st and 3rd sessions for pre-post differences of ankle dorsiflexion Range of motion in weight bearing and non-weight bearing position, pressure pain threshold for gastrocnemius trigger point 1(G1), 2(G2), and soleus point 1(S1) on both sides, and lower limb power. RESULT: Within group analyses, both groups had shown statistically significant results for all parameters except gastrocnemius trigger point 2 of foam rolling. For between group comparison foam rolling had a statistically significant result in non-weight bearing ankle dorsiflexion range of motion. CONCLUSION: Both Instrument assisted soft tissue mobilization and Foam rolling were equally effective for treating calf trigger points. But foam rolling was more effective in improving ankle dorsiflexion range of motion.


Assuntos
Perna (Membro) , Pontos-Gatilho , Humanos , Extremidade Inferior , Massagem , Músculos
3.
J Bodyw Mov Ther ; 37: 328-331, 2024 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38432825

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The OptoJump Next Drift Protocol is a test designed to assess unilateral dynamic balance. Participants are required to perform a series of unilateral jumps from which left/right and forward/back displacement (Drift) is calculated. OBJECTIVES: This investigation set out to establish the test-retest reliability of the OptoJump Next Drift Protocol. METHOD: Twenty-six participants performed the OptoJump Next Drift Protocol on two separate occasions. Drift Area and Drift Area as a percentage of total available jump area were calculated for each leg. RESULTS: Interclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC) indicated poor reliability for Drift Area and Drift Area as a percentage of total available jump area (right leg r = .44; left leg r = -0.20). However, 95% Limits of Agreement (LoA) suggested a stronger relationship. For Drift Area, between trial Mean Difference for the right leg was 50.87 cm2 (95% LoA = -227.57 - 328.87) and for the left leg it was 54.08 cm2 (95% LoA = -333.62 - 441.79). For Drift Area as a percentage of total available jump area, Mean Difference for the right leg was 0.56% (95% LoA = -2.44 - 3.65) and for left 0.60% (95% LoA = - 3.76-4.89). CONCLUSIONS: Based on the 95% LoA data, the authors suggest that the OptoJump Next Drift Protocol does offer an acceptable level of reliability.


Assuntos
Perna (Membro) , Humanos , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes
4.
Zhongguo Gu Shang ; 37(2): 159-65, 2024 Feb 25.
Artigo em Chinês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38425067

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To observe the residual of lumbago and leg pain with contained type (CT) and non-contained type (NCT) lumbar disc herniation (LDH) after transforaminal endoscopic treatment, and to explore the role of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α(HIF-1α) and transient receptor potential vanillate 1(TRPV1) pathway. METHODS: A total of 68 single-segment LDH patients were selected from July 2021 to October 2022, including 44 males and 24 females;aged 26 to 67 years old with an average of(43.63±11.94) years old;course of disease was 4 to 36 (18.91±10.34) months;body mass index was (24.45±4.00) kg·m-2;there were 7 cases of L3,4 segments, 32 cases of L4,5 segments, and 29 cases of L5S1 segments. All of them were performed with percutaneous intervertebral endoscopic extraction of nucleus pulposus and were divided into contained group(CT group) and non-contained group (NCT group) with 34 cases respectively according to the integrity of outer layer of fibrous annulus observed during operation. A total of 17 patients who underwent open surgery for scoliosis or vertebral fracture were selected as control group, including 12 males and 5 females;aged 21 to 65 years old with an average of (39.41±12.80) years old;body mass index was (24.86±4.11) kg·m-2. The relative mRNA expression quantity of HIF-1α, TRPV1 in nucleus pulposus were measured by quantitative real-time PCR. The contents of neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1R), nerve growth factor (NGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in nucleus pulposus and the serum substance P (SP) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The threshold of lumbar tenderness was detected by a pressure pain meter. The degree of lumbago and lumbar function were evaluated by visual analog scale (VAS) and Oswestry disability index (ODI) separately. The residual rate of postoperative lumbago and leg pain was assessed. RESULTS: The mRNA relative expression quantity of HIF-1α and TRPV1, and the contents of NK1R, NGF and VEGF in nucleus pulposus, and the levels of serum SP and CGRP before surgery in the NCT group were higher than those in the CT group(P<0.05), and those in the CT group were higher than the control group(P<0.05). At day 7 after surgery, the serum SP and CGRP levels, lumbago and leg pain VAS scores and lumbar ODI index in two LDH groups were lower than before surgery (P<0.05), and those in the NCT group were higher than the CT group(P<0.05), and the threshold of lumbar tenderness in the NCT group was lower than the CT group(P<0.05). The differences of lumbago and leg pain VAS scores, lumbar ODI index and lumbar tenderness threshold between preoperative and postoperative 7 days in the NCT group were lower than those in the CT group(P<0.05). The residual rate of lumbago and leg pain at 7 days after surgery in the NCT group was higher than that in the CT group(P<0.05). CONCLUSION: HIF-1α and TRPV1 pathway promoted the excessive production of NGF, VEGF, NK1R in nucleus pulposus and serum neuropeptides SP and CGRP, which may lead to the higher residual rate of lumbago and leg pain with non-contained lumbar disc herniation postoperative.


Assuntos
Discotomia Percutânea , Deslocamento do Disco Intervertebral , Dor Lombar , Masculino , Feminino , Humanos , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Adulto Jovem , Deslocamento do Disco Intervertebral/cirurgia , Fator A de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular , Perna (Membro)/cirurgia , Peptídeo Relacionado com Gene de Calcitonina , Fator de Crescimento Neural , Resultado do Tratamento , Vértebras Lombares/cirurgia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Endoscopia , RNA Mensageiro
5.
Physiother Res Int ; 29(2): e2079, 2024 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38477078

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of unilateral upper limbs' (ULM) neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) superimposed on a voluntary contraction added to a protocol of intradialytic leg cycle ergometer exercise on muscle strength, functional capacity and quality of life of adult patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). METHODS: This randomized controlled clinical trial will be carried out at a Brazilian University Hospital. The patients will be evaluated and randomly allocated to an intervention group (i.e., unilateral NMES on the upper limb without hemodialysis fistula for 20 min and leg cycle ergometer for 30 min) or a control group (i.e., unilateral NMES-Sham on the upper limb without hemodialysis fistula for 20 min and leg cycle ergometer for 30 min). The patients will be treated for 8 weeks, with three weekly treatment sessions totaling 24 sessions. MEASUREMENTS: ULM muscle strength, functional capacity, quality of life and also the feasibility, safety and patient adherence to the exercise protocol. All physical measurements will be collected by trained researchers before treatment (week 0) and at the end of treatment (week 9), always in the second hemodialysis session of the week. It will be used in an intention-to-treat analysis. RESULTS/CONCLUSIONS: The outcomes of this clinical trial protocol may help to know the possible benefits of unilateral ULM' NMES superimposed on a voluntary contraction added to a protocol of leg cycle ergometer for patients with CKD and to aid clinical decisions about future implementation or not of this technique (NMES) in intradialytic physical training programs.


Assuntos
Terapia por Estimulação Elétrica , Fístula , Insuficiência Renal Crônica , Adulto , Humanos , Qualidade de Vida , Perna (Membro) , Força Muscular/fisiologia , Terapia por Estimulação Elétrica/métodos , Estimulação Elétrica , Extremidade Superior , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto
6.
Br J Community Nurs ; 29(Sup3): S40-S41, 2024 Mar 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38478421

RESUMO

There is an established link between hypothyroidism and leg oedema. This article presents a case study of a female known to have an underactive thyroid gland who developed symptoms and was referred to a local Lindsay Leg Club.


Assuntos
Hipotireoidismo , Perna (Membro) , Feminino , Humanos , Hipotireoidismo/complicações , Hipotireoidismo/diagnóstico , Edema , Pescoço
7.
Sensors (Basel) ; 24(5)2024 Feb 22.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38474946

RESUMO

Roller skiing is one primary form of training method as it is an off-snow equivalent to cross-country (XC) skiing during the dry land preseason training, but the results could only be applied to on-snow skiing with appropriate caution. The aim of this present study was to investigate the similarities and differences in roller skiing and on-snow skiing with the diagonal stride (DS) technique. Six youth (age: 14.3 ± 2.9 years) skiers participated in this study. Two high-definition video camcorders and FastMove 3D Motion 2.23.3.3101 were used to obtain the three-dimensional kinematic data. The cycle characteristics and joint angle ROM of the DS technique while skiing on different surfaces were similar. Almost all joint angle-time curves that were obtained from roller skiing showed a moderate-to-high degree of similarity to the angle-time curves obtained from on-snow skiing, except the hip adduction-abduction angle. The differences between roller skiing and on-snow skiing were mainly found in the body and calf anteversion angles, and the joint angles at critical instants. DS roller skiing can simulate DS on-snow skiing to a large extent in youth athletes. The hip movement, knee flexion, and calf anteversion at ski/roller ski touchdown and take-off, pole inclination at pole touchdown, body anteversion angle, and trunk anteversion angle at pole touchdown were the points that required caution when transferring preseason practice roller skiing to on-snow skiing.


Assuntos
Esqui , Humanos , Adolescente , Criança , Consumo de Oxigênio , Perna (Membro) , Fenômenos Biomecânicos , Movimento (Física)
8.
Int J Gynecol Cancer ; 34(3): 436-446, 2024 Mar 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38438177

RESUMO

Lower leg lymphedema is an important complication after gynecological treatment that can severely affect the quality of life of long-term survivors of these malignancies. As a chronic and progressive disease, affected patients will require life-long therapy centered on compression. Although conventional compressive treatments can be effective, they are extremely burdensome and time-consuming for most patients and adherence is challenging. With advances in the field of reconstructive microsurgery, new procedures have been developed in the past decades to help these patients in their continuous care and have been offered at many oncological centers around the world as a first line of treatment. We performed a PubMed search using the Mesh terms 'Lymphedema/surgery' and 'Lower extremity' yielding a total of 508 articles. Of these, 35 articles were included for analysis. Articles that failed to provide a comprehensive analysis of outcomes following surgical treatment, studies examining treatment for upper limb lymphedema, primary lymphedema, or lower extremity lymphedema resulting from non-gynecologic etiologies, and studies that failed to have a minimum of 6 months follow-up were excluded. A comprehensive review of these 35 articles including over 1200 patients demonstrated large variability on the outcomes reported; however, an overall benefit from these procedures was found. Surgical options including lymphovenous anastomosis, vascularized lymph node transfers, and excisional procedures can be performed in patients with lower leg lymphedema, depending on staging and findings in indocyanine green lymphography. Surgical treatment of lymphedema is an effective option that can improve symptoms and quality of life of patients suffering from lymphedema following gynecologic cancers.


Assuntos
Neoplasias dos Genitais Femininos , Linfedema , Feminino , Humanos , Qualidade de Vida , Linfedema/etiologia , Linfedema/cirurgia , Neoplasias dos Genitais Femininos/complicações , Neoplasias dos Genitais Femininos/cirurgia , Perna (Membro) , Extremidade Inferior
10.
BMC Musculoskelet Disord ; 25(1): 193, 2024 Mar 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38439000

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Multiple factors influence the recovery process of low back pain (LBP). The identification and increased knowledge of prognostic factors might contribute to a better understanding of the course of LBP. The purpose of this study is to investigate the association of the STarT Back Screening Tool (SBST) risk score and the type of leg pain (non-radiating LBP, referred non-radicular, and radicular radiating leg pain) with the disability trajectory (at baseline, the slope, and recovery at one year) in adults with low back pain. METHODS: This is a prospective cohort study in 347 patients with low back pain who sought physiotherapy care at three primary care practices in the Netherlands. Linear mixed models were estimated to describe the association of the SBST risk score and the type of leg pain with disability at baseline, the slope in the disability trajectory, and at twelve months follow-up. RESULTS: A medium/high risk score on the SBST is associated with higher baseline disability scores on the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), faster initial recovery, and still a higher disability ODI score at 12 months follow-up. Non-radicular referred and radicular radiating leg pain were associated with worse baseline disability ODI scores in LBP. This association was not present for the initial recovery or at the 12 months follow-up. CONCLUSION: The SBST is associated with the LBP recovery trajectory. The SBST might be a useful tool to predict the disability trajectory in a heterogeneous group of people with low back pain in primary care and might, therefore, be recommended in future clinical practice guidelines. The type of leg pain was not associated with the recovery trajectory of LBP. Future research might focus on evaluating different types of leg pain. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinicaltrials.gov: 109,643.


Assuntos
Dor Lombar , Adulto , Humanos , Dor Lombar/diagnóstico , Perna (Membro) , Estudos Prospectivos , Modelos Lineares , Países Baixos/epidemiologia
11.
Med Sci Monit ; 30: e942945, 2024 Mar 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38442083

RESUMO

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to assess clinical outcomes of arthroscopic surgery for gluteal muscle contracture (GMC) with at least 2 years of follow-up in a large sample. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 665 patients who underwent arthroscopic release procedure at our institution between March 2014 and December 2018 and met the inclusion criteria were included in this study. All the patients were operated on by the same surgeon and the surgeon released the contracture band from anterior to posterior starting from the anterior edge of the ITB, the contracture band of the gluteus maximus, and vastus medialis tensor. After exclusion, 544 patients (218 males and 326 females) were finally included. Clinical outcomes at 2 years of postoperative follow-up were evaluated by a combination of several methods, including a new criterion we proposed for postoperative assessment, which included the cross-leg test, difficulty in squatting with legs together, and abnormal gait, the visual analogue scale (VAS), the modified Harris hip score (mHHS), and the satisfaction of patients. RESULTS The average follow-up time was 48.2±14.9 months. Based on the new criteria, 513 (94.3%) patients were evaluated as good, 25 (4.6%) as fair, and 6 (1.1%) as poor. The mHHS increased from 72.1±6.0 (range, 56.0-81.3) to 97.3±2.2 (range, 92.3-100.0) (P<0.001). The VAS decreased from 3.3±1.1 (range, 0-5) to 0.062±0.13 (range, 0-1) (P<0.001). For subjective satisfaction, 526 (96.7%) patients were satisfied, 14 (2.6%) patients were neutral, and 4 (0.7%) patients were dissatisfied. CONCLUSIONS In a large sample, favorable and durable clinical outcomes were observed after the arthroscopic procedure. Clinical symptoms and mHHS showed significant improvement with a minimum 2-year follow-up.


Assuntos
Artroscopia , Contratura , Feminino , Masculino , Humanos , Extremidade Inferior , Contratura/cirurgia , Perna (Membro) , Músculo Quadríceps
12.
BMJ Case Rep ; 17(3)2024 Mar 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38490707

RESUMO

A neonate was born with a unique congenital lower limb dysmelia due to an abnormal presentation of amniotic band syndrome. An anomalous soft tissue tether from the plantar surface of the right foot to the right buttock caused extreme knee flexion, tibial rotation and malformation of the developing foot. This complex malformation required a multidisciplinary team (MDT) approach to decide between reconstruction and amputation. The band of tissue was released operatively at 73 days postdelivery, improving knee extension, and the tissue was banked on the thigh as a tube pedicle for future reconstruction. The patient underwent rehabilitation, which has been shown to be vital for synovial joint formation. At 18 months old, the decision was made to proceed with through-knee amputation and a prosthesis. The literature discussed shows the importance of an MDT approach in complex lower limb cases to give the best functional outcome for the patient.


Assuntos
Síndrome de Bandas Amnióticas , Recém-Nascido , Humanos , Lactente , Síndrome de Bandas Amnióticas/complicações , Síndrome de Bandas Amnióticas/cirurgia , Perna (Membro) , , Articulação do Joelho , Joelho
13.
J Physiol Sci ; 74(1): 19, 2024 Mar 18.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38500058

RESUMO

The purpose of this study was to clarify sex differences in the inhibition of sympathetic vasomotor outflow which is caused by the loading of cardiopulmonary baroreceptors. Ten young males and ten age-matched females participated. The participants underwent a passive leg raising (PLR) test wherein they were positioned supine (baseline, 0º), and their lower limbs were lifted passively at 10º, 20º, 30º, and 40º. Each angle lasted for 3 min. Muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) was recorded via microneurography of the left radial nerve. Baseline MSNA was lower in females compared to males. MSNA burst frequency was decreased during the PLR in both males (- 6.2 ± 0.4 bursts/min at 40º) and females (- 6.5 ± 0.4 bursts/min at 40º), but no significant difference was detected between the two groups (P = 0.61). These results suggest that sex has minimal influence on the inhibition of sympathetic vasomotor outflow during the loading of cardiopulmonary baroreceptors in young individuals.


Assuntos
Perna (Membro) , Músculo Esquelético , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Músculo Esquelético/fisiologia , Sistema Nervoso Simpático/fisiologia , Pressorreceptores , Extremidade Inferior , Pressão Sanguínea/fisiologia , Barorreflexo/fisiologia , Frequência Cardíaca
14.
PLoS One ; 19(3): e0297660, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38512894

RESUMO

The lower-extremity kinematics associated with forward jump landing after an ankle injury is known to differ for patients with Chronic Ankle Instability (CAI), copers (injured but asymptomatic patients), and healthy individuals. However, the differences in the lower extremity kinematics of these groups associated with a Single-leg Lateral Drop Landing (SLDL) are unknown. The purpose of this study is to characterize the lower limb and foot kinematics during SLDL in CAI patients and to compare these characteristics with those of the copers and healthy individuals. This was a cross-sectional observational study. Nineteen participants, each, were selected from the CAI, Coper, and control groups. The lower-extremity kinematics during SLDL was measured using three-dimensional motion analysis over an interval progressing from 200 ms before landing to 200 ms after landing. Either one-way ANOVA or the Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare the attributes of the respective groups, with each parameter measured every 10 ms. The maximum values and excursions of the parameters were established over time intervals progressing from 200 ms before landing to 200 ms after landing. Significant observations were subjected to post hoc analysis. Compared to the Coper group, the CAI group exhibited significantly smaller hip adduction angles at 160 ms, ankle dorsiflexion angles in the 110-150 ms interval, and maximum ankle dorsiflexion angles after landing. Compared to the control group, the CAI group exhibited significantly smaller excursions of MH inversion/eversion after landing. Our findings confirm the necessity of focusing on the kinematics of hip adduction/abduction and plantar/dorsiflexion during SLDL in evaluating patients with ankle injuries.


Assuntos
Traumatismos do Tornozelo , Instabilidade Articular , Humanos , Perna (Membro) , Fenômenos Biomecânicos , Estudos Transversais , Tornozelo , Articulação do Tornozelo , Extremidade Inferior
15.
Sci Rep ; 14(1): 6820, 2024 03 21.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38514699

RESUMO

Compliant leg function found during bouncy gaits in humans and animals can be considered a role model for designing and controlling bioinspired robots and assistive devices. The human musculoskeletal design and control differ from distal to proximal joints in the leg. The specific mechanical properties of different leg parts could simplify motor control, e.g., by taking advantage of passive body dynamics. This control embodiment is complemented by neural reflex circuitries shaping human motor control. This study investigates the contribution of specific passive and active properties at different leg joint levels in human hopping at different hopping frequencies. We analyze the kinematics and kinetics of human leg joints to design and control a bioinspired hopping robot. In addition, this robot is used as a test rig to validate the identified concepts from human hopping. We found that the more distal the joint, the higher the possibility of benefit from passive compliant leg structures. A passive elastic element nicely describes the ankle joint function. In contrast, a more significant contribution to energy management using an active element (e.g., by feedback control) is predicted for the knee and hip joints. The ankle and knee joints are the key contributors to adjusting hopping frequency. Humans can speed up hopping by increasing ankle stiffness and tuning corresponding knee control parameters. We found that the force-modulated compliance (FMC) as an abstract reflex-based control beside a fixed spring can predict human knee torque-angle patterns at different frequencies. These developed bioinspired models for ankle and knee joints were applied to design and control the EPA-hopper-II robot. The experimental results support our biomechanical findings while indicating potential robot improvements. Based on the proposed model and the robot's experimental results, passive compliant elements (e.g. tendons) have a larger capacity to contribute to the distal joint function compared to proximal joints. With the use of more compliant elements in the distal joint, a larger contribution to managing energy changes is observed in the upper joints.


Assuntos
Robótica , Humanos , Articulação do Joelho , Articulação do Tornozelo , Tornozelo , Joelho , Fenômenos Biomecânicos , Perna (Membro)
16.
Sci Rep ; 14(1): 6658, 2024 03 20.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38509144

RESUMO

The aim of this study was to examine the acute effects of low-intensity one-legged electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) for skeletal muscle on arterial stiffness in EMS and non-EMS legs. Eighteen healthy subjects received two different protocols (Control (CT) and Experimental (ET) trials) in random order on separate days. EMS was applied to the left lower limb at 4 Hz for 20 min at an intensity corresponding to an elevation in pulse rate of approximately 15 beats/min (10.9 ± 5.1% of heart rate reserve). Before and after the experiment, arterial stiffness parameters in the control right leg (CRL) and control left leg (CLL) in CT and non-EMS leg (NEL) and EMS leg (EL) in ET were assessed by pulse wave velocity (baPWV, faPWV) and cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI). No significant changes in all parameters were observed in either leg in CT. Conversely, in ET, low-intensity, single-leg EMS significantly reduced CAVI, baPWV, and faPWV in the EL, but not in the NEL. Acute, low-intensity single-leg EMS reduces arterial stiffness only in the EL. These data support our idea that physical movement-related regional factors rather than systematic factors are important for inducing acute reductions in arterial stiffness.


Assuntos
Análise de Onda de Pulso , Rigidez Vascular , Humanos , Perna (Membro)/irrigação sanguínea , Frequência Cardíaca , Músculo Esquelético , Pressão Sanguínea/fisiologia , Índice Tornozelo-Braço
17.
J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact ; 24(1): 1-11, 2024 Mar 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38427363

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To determine precision errors and monitoring time intervals in imaged muscle properties and neuromuscular performance, and to explore growth-related factors associated with precision errors in children. METHODS: We included 35 children (mean age 10.5yrs) in the precision study cohort and 40 children (10.7yrs) in the follow-up study cohort. We assessed forearm and lower leg muscle properties (area, density) with peripheral quantitative computed tomography. We measured neuromuscular performance via maximal pushup, grip force, countermovement and standing long jump force, power, and impulse along with long jump length. We calculated precision errors (root-mean-squared coefficient of variation) from the precision cohort and monitoring time intervals using annual changes from the follow-up cohort. We explored associations between precision errors (coefficient of variation) and maturity, time interval (between repeated measures), and anthropometric changes using Spearman's rank correlation (p<0.05). RESULTS: Muscle measures exhibited precision errors of 1.3-14%. Monitoring time intervals were 1-2.6yrs, except muscle density (>43yrs). We identified only one association between precision errors and maturity (maximal pushup force: rho=-0.349; p=0.046). CONCLUSIONS: Imaging muscle properties and neuromuscular performance measures had precision errors of 1-14% and appeared suitable for follow-up on ~2yr scales (except muscle density). Maximal pushup force appeared more repeatable in mature children.


Assuntos
Densidade Óssea , Músculos , Humanos , Criança , Densidade Óssea/fisiologia , Seguimentos , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodos , Perna (Membro) , Força Muscular/fisiologia
18.
BMC Public Health ; 24(1): 714, 2024 Mar 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38443877

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Upper and lower extremity muscle strength can be used to predict health outcomes. However, the difference between the relation of upper extremity muscle and of lower extremity muscle with physiological factors is unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the association between physiological data and muscle strength, measured using grip and leg extension strength, among Japanese adults. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 2,861 men and 6,717 women aged ≥ 20 years living in Miyagi Prefecture, Japan. Grip strength was measured using a dynamometer. Leg extension strength was measured using a hydraulic isokinetic leg press machine. Anthropometry and physiological data, including blood pressure, calcaneal ultrasound bone status, pulmonary function, carotid echography, and blood information, were assessed. We used a general linear model adjusted for age, body composition, and smoking status to evaluate the association between muscle strength and physiological factors. RESULTS: Grip and leg extension strength were positively associated with bone area ratio, vital capacity, forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in one second, and estimated glomerular filtration rate, and negatively associated with waist circumference and percentage body fat mass in both the sexes. Diastolic blood pressure was positively associated with grip strength in both the sexes and leg extension strength in men, but not women. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol and red blood cell counts were positively associated with grip and leg extension strength in women, but not men. In both the sexes, pulse rate, total cholesterol, and uric acid were consistently associated with only leg extension strength, but not grip strength. In women, glycated hemoglobin demonstrated negative and positive associations with grip and leg extension strength, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Grip and leg extension strength demonstrated similar associations with anthropometry, pulmonary function, and estimated glomerular filtration rate, but the associations with the other factors were not always consistent.


Assuntos
Força da Mão , Perna (Membro) , Adulto , Masculino , Humanos , Feminino , Estudos de Coortes , Estudos Transversais , HDL-Colesterol
19.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38446547

RESUMO

Calciphylaxis is a rare and devastating condition found almost exclusively in patients with end-stage renal disease. Nonuremic calciphylaxis, an even more rare diagnosis, occurs in patients with preserved kidney function. We present a fatal case of nonuremic calciphylaxis with delayed and unexpected diagnosis despite early biopsy and testing. The patient presented with a 2-month history of painful ulceration to the left leg. Early biopsy was negative for calciphylaxis. Laboratory tests were negative for renal disease and autoimmune disorders. There was elevated parathyroid hormone (96 pg/mL) 3 months after initial presentation and documented cobalamin deficiency. The patient went on to develop wounds to both legs and her thighs. A second biopsy of a left thigh wound by means of the dermatology service revealed calciphylaxis. The purpose of this case report is to raise awareness of calciphylaxis as a differential diagnosis for chronic necrotic skin ulcers, especially in patients with preserved renal function and those on warfarin therapy.


Assuntos
Calciofilaxia , Úlcera Cutânea , Humanos , Feminino , Úlcera , Calciofilaxia/complicações , Calciofilaxia/diagnóstico , Úlcera Cutânea/diagnóstico , Úlcera Cutânea/etiologia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Perna (Membro)
20.
J Med Case Rep ; 18(1): 91, 2024 Mar 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38448995

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: In patients with conjoined nerve roots, hemilaminectomy with sufficient exposure of the intervertebral foramen or lateral recess is required to prevent destabilization and ensure correct mobility of the lumbosacral spine. To the best of our knowledge, no case reports have detailed the long-term course of conjoined nerve roots after surgery. CASE PRESENTATION: We report the case of a 51-year-old Japanese man with a conjoined nerve root. The main symptoms were acute low back pain, radiating pain, and right leg muscle weakness. Partial laminectomy was performed with adequate exposure to the conjoined nerve root. The symptoms completely resolved immediately after surgery. However, the same symptoms recurred 7 years postoperatively. The nerve root was compressed because of foraminal stenosis resulting from L5-S disc degeneration. L5-S transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion was performed on the contralateral side because of an immobile conjoined nerve root. At 44 months after the second surgery, the patient had no low back pain or radiating pain, and the muscle weakness in the right leg had improved. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report of the long-term course of conjoined nerve root after partial laminectomy. When foraminal stenosis occurs after partial laminectomy, transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion from the contralateral side may be required because of an immobile conjoined nerve root.


Assuntos
Laminectomia , Dor Lombar , Masculino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Constrição Patológica , Dor Lombar/etiologia , Dor Lombar/cirurgia , Perna (Membro) , Debilidade Muscular/etiologia , Paresia
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