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3.
Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis ; 108(2): 116137, 2024 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38134822

RESUMO

Sarcina ventriculi, also known as Zymosarcina ventriculi and, incorrectly, as Clostridium ventriculi, is rarely encountered in clinical settings. A patient with a complicated gastrointestinal (GI) history, who was acutely presenting with small-bowel obstruction, was found to be colonized by S. ventriculi. The distinctive morphology of this species, with large Gram-variable cocci (up to 3 µm) arranged in two-by-two cuboid clusters reaching up to 20 µm, was key in identifying this bacterium in a stomach biopsy specimen. Sarcina ventriculi appears to be ubiquitously found in nature, and related bacterial species can cause GI-related disease in various animals. Clinical manifestations in humans are broad and often related to other underlying comorbidities. Isolation of S. ventriculi in the laboratory requires anaerobic culture on select media but its absence from standard MALDI-TOF databases complicates identification. Susceptibility data do not exist, so empiric treatment is the only option for this rare pathogen.


Assuntos
Sarcina , Estômago , Feminino , Humanos , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Clostridium
4.
J Vet Diagn Invest ; 35(6): 698-703, 2023 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37646249

RESUMO

A 4-y-old female and 3-y-old male rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta), both housed in the same facility, died unexpectedly within 2 wk. Postmortem examination revealed severe gastric dilation in both macaques and gastric emphysema in the female macaque. Histologically, bacteria consistent with Sarcina sp. were present in both macaques within the lungs and lumen of the trachea, esophagus, and gastrointestinal (GI) tract without associated inflammation. Additionally, in the female macaque, the bacteria were found in the gastric mucosa and associated with emphysematous spaces in the gastric wall without associated inflammation. PCR and Sanger sequencing of amplicons were subsequently performed on GI contents and non-alimentary tissues from the 2 affected monkeys and on comparative samples from unaffected rhesus monkeys in the same facility and an adjacent primate facility. The cases were compared using the 2-tailed Fisher exact test (p-value at 95% confidence). PCR identified Sarcina in GI contents of both affected and unaffected monkeys (p = 0.6084) and in non-alimentary tissues of affected monkeys only (p = 0.0083). These results suggest that the presence of Sarcina sp. in non-alimentary tissues is associated with gastric distension, gas accumulation, and unexpected death in nonhuman primates.


Assuntos
Enfisema , Dilatação Gástrica , Masculino , Feminino , Animais , Macaca mulatta , Sarcina , Dilatação Gástrica/veterinária , Bactérias , Inflamação/veterinária , Enfisema/veterinária
5.
Artigo em Alemão | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36913939

RESUMO

In this case report - to the best knowledge of the authors for the first time in the German-speaking region - 3 calves with ulcerating or emphysematous abomasitis respectively are presented, in which intralesional bacteria of the Sarcina species were identified. The unusual appearance of these bacteria is described, their etiopathogenic relevance discussed.


Assuntos
Doenças dos Bovinos , Sarcina , Animais , Bovinos , Doenças dos Bovinos/microbiologia
6.
Indian J Pathol Microbiol ; 66(1): 165-167, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36656232

RESUMO

Sarcina Ventriculi is a gram-positive anaerobic coccus rarely reported in patients with delayed gastric emptying, emphysematous gastritis, gastric ulcers, and perforation. So far, less than 30 cases of sarcina isolated from the stomach have been reported. Herein, we describe a case of a 66-year-old male with a history of persistent epigastric pain and regurgitation. The upper gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy revealed gastric erythema, edema, ulceration, and food bezoar. A gastric biopsy was done to rule out lymphoma. On histopathological examination, sarcina Ventriculi was identified. This organism is likely to get underreported as it may not be that obvious on routinely stained biopsies. Given its association with life-threatening illness such as emphysematous gastritis and perforation, awareness of this organism is important. It's presence in gastric biopsies must be mentioned in the report and should prompt the clinicians to investigate further for functional causes of delayed gastric emptying and gastric outlet obstruction like occult malignancy.


Assuntos
Gastrite , Gastroparesia , Masculino , Humanos , Idoso , Sarcina , Gastrite/diagnóstico , Endoscopia Gastrointestinal
7.
Rev Esp Enferm Dig ; 115(3): 133-135, 2023 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35360912

RESUMO

An 18-year-old woman with no pathological history, admitted to Emergency Department with abdominal pain and vomiting after consuming alcohol and cannabis in the last 36 hours. On physical examination, she presented with abdominal distention, signs of peritoneal irritation and sepsis. Abdominal computed tomography showed gastric, esophageal and duodenal distension, gastric and portal pneumatosis and the presence of free intra-abdominal fluid. An exploratory laparotomy was performed revealing extensive gastric necrosis. Then, total gastrectomy with stapled Roux-en-Y anastomosis was required. Histopathology of the gastric tissue confirmed extensive images of transmural emphysematous and necrotizing gastritis, and allowed to identify established Sarcina ventriculi infection.


Assuntos
Gastrite , Sarcina , Feminino , Humanos , Adolescente , Gastrectomia/efeitos adversos , Gastrectomia/métodos , Gastrite/diagnóstico por imagem , Gastrite/cirurgia
10.
Rev Esp Enferm Dig ; 114(9): 557, 2022 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35315680

RESUMO

We present the cases of two women aged 75 and 71 years under study for dyspepsia and weight loss. The initial gastroscopy of both patients showed a stomach full of food content, with thickened gastric folds that were hard on contact with the forceps. Gastric biopsies showed the presence of Sarcina ventriculi on active chronic gastritis, so antibiotic treatment was started (ciprofloxacin and metronidazole), without significant clinical improvement. In both patients, gastroscopy was repeated without showing macroscopic changes compared to the initial gastroscopy, which led to the suspicion of an underlying lesion.


Assuntos
Gastroscopia , Neoplasias , Biópsia , Clostridium , Feminino , Humanos , Sarcina , Estômago
11.
Open Vet J ; 12(6): 859-863, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36650880

RESUMO

Background: Sarcina spp. is a Gram-positive, coccoid microorganism that forms tetrads or octets, and is observed with a characteristic "bundle" arrangement. The most recognized species are Sarcina ventriculi and Sarcina maxima. It has been described as part of the normal microbiota in horses and cats, but it has also been linked to abomasal bloat in goats, lambs, and calves, although its causality has not been proven yet. Case Description: This work presents the case of a 3-months-old female horse that died of generalized tympanism. Macroscopic findings showed mild cyanosis and abundant gas in the lumen of the stomach, and small and large bowel. Microscopically, high numbers of Gram-positive microorganisms compatible with Sarcina spp. in the gastric lumen and on the surface of the small and large bowel were observed, along with mild inflammation. Conclusion: The severe tympanism was the only relevant lesion observed and could explain the death of the animal. Although it is not possible to determine a relationship between these lesions and Sarcina spp., it is interesting to highlight that the high amount of these bacteria could be associated with gas production and tympanism. It is important to continue investigating the role of Sarcina spp. in horses, and its possible link with tympanism.


Assuntos
Bactérias , Orelha Média , Sarcina , Animais , Feminino , Cavalos , Ovinos , Carneiro Doméstico , Orelha Média/microbiologia , Cianose
12.
Int J Infect Dis ; 115: 48-61, 2022 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34838720

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: This study is aimed to report a case of SV-related gastritis and the results of a systematic literature review of SV infections. METHODS: Following a case presentation, we systematically searched different databases (MEDLINE, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, EMBASE, google scholar) for the items "sarcina," "ventriculi," "clostridium" with AND/OR. RESULTS: A total of 55 articles reporting 65 cases of Sarcina Ventriculi were found. Thus, 66 patients, including our case, were reviewed. The median age was 51 years (IQR: 0-87 years). Females accounted for 51% of cases. 68% of patients had one or more comorbidities. SV was isolated in the gastrointestinal tract (88%), respiratory (5%), urine (4%), and bloodstream (3%) systems. Upper endoscopy was performed in 52 patients (79%). Biopsies were obtained in all 52 cases and were normal in 23%. Surgery was warranted in 15 patients (23%), and specific antimicrobial therapy was delivered in 34 (52%) patients. Mortality was 14%. At follow-up, 88% of patients showed complete eradication of the SV infection. CONCLUSIONS: Upper gastrointestinal biopsy positive for SV should prompt an evaluation of the clinical conditions, considering the risk of gastric perforation is not negligible. Antibiotic therapy may eradicate the infection and prevent complications. Emergency surgery is required in case of source control.


Assuntos
Sarcina , Gastropatias , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Clostridium , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade
13.
Nat Commun ; 12(1): 763, 2021 02 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33536429

RESUMO

Human and animal infections with bacteria of the genus Sarcina (family Clostridiaceae) are associated with gastric dilation and emphysematous gastritis. However, the potential roles of sarcinae as commensals or pathogens remain unclear. Here, we investigate a lethal disease of unknown etiology that affects sanctuary chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) in Sierra Leone. The disease, which we have named "epizootic neurologic and gastroenteric syndrome" (ENGS), is characterized by neurologic and gastrointestinal signs and results in death of the animals, even after medical treatment. Using a case-control study design, we show that ENGS is strongly associated with Sarcina infection. The microorganism is distinct from Sarcina ventriculi and other known members of its genus, based on bacterial morphology and growth characteristics. Whole-genome sequencing confirms this distinction and reveals the presence of genetic features that may account for the unusual virulence of the bacterium. Therefore, we propose that this organism be considered the representative of a new species, named "Candidatus Sarcina troglodytae". Our results suggest that a heretofore unrecognized complex of related sarcinae likely exists, some of which may be highly virulent. However, the potential role of "Ca. S. troglodytae" in the etiology of ENGS, alone or in combination with other factors, remains a topic for future research.


Assuntos
Doenças dos Símios Antropoides/diagnóstico , Enfisema/diagnóstico , Gastrite/diagnóstico , Infecções por Bactérias Gram-Positivas/diagnóstico , Sarcina/genética , Animais , Doenças dos Símios Antropoides/microbiologia , DNA Bacteriano/análise , DNA Bacteriano/genética , Enfisema/microbiologia , Gastrite/microbiologia , Infecções por Bactérias Gram-Positivas/microbiologia , Infecções por Bactérias Gram-Positivas/veterinária , Humanos , Pan troglodytes , Sarcina/classificação , Sarcina/patogenicidade , Serra Leoa , Virulência/genética , Sequenciamento Completo do Genoma/métodos
15.
Scott Med J ; 65(2): 40-45, 2020 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32208839

RESUMO

In 1842, when John Goodsir was Conservator to the Museum of the RCSEd, he saw a 19-year-old male patient who vomited a large volume of acidic, fermented-smelling, watery fluid every morning. Under his microscope, Goodsir found the vomitus to be populated with a micro-organism he named Sarcina ventriculi, which he considered to be causative. In so-doing, Goodsir became one of the first people to link a specific micro-organism with a disease. Goodsir recommended small doses of creosote as an antiseptic and claimed that the boy was eventually cured of the vomiting condition. In August of 1863 Charles Darwin was hugely celebrated by the scientific community and the public, but he had suffered from severe stomach problems all his adult life and at this point, he was vomiting daily. He read Goodsir's paper and contacted him and asked if he could send some vomitus samples to Edinburgh in the hope that Goodsir might find Sarcina in it and solve the mystery of his debilitating stomach symptoms and perhaps cure them with creosote. Goodsir examined samples in his microscope, but failed to find Sarcina. Sadly, Darwin went on to suffer constantly from severe stomach problems, recently attributed to lactose intolerance, until he died in 1882, some 20 years later.


Assuntos
Dispepsia/microbiologia , Infecções por Bactérias Gram-Positivas/diagnóstico , Sarcina/isolamento & purificação , Gastropatias/microbiologia , Vômito/microbiologia , Causalidade , Infecções por Bactérias Gram-Positivas/história , História do Século XIX , Humanos , Masculino , Gastropatias/metabolismo , Adulto Jovem
17.
Int J Surg Pathol ; 28(2): 206-209, 2020 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31496372

RESUMO

Sarcina species are anaerobic gram-positive cocci rarely seen in the upper gastrointestinal tract and associated with delayed gastric emptying. We present 3 cases of Sarcina infection with varying clinical presentations including the first reported case of Sarcina in a patient with eosinophilic esophagitis. Although the pathogenesis of Sarcina is unclear, awareness of the bacteria is important as they can usually only be detected on histopathologic examination of upper gastrointestinal biopsies. Treatment in symptomatic patients may prevent severe complications such as emphysematous gastritis and gastric perforation.


Assuntos
Esôfago/microbiologia , Infecções por Bactérias Gram-Positivas/microbiologia , Sarcina/isolamento & purificação , Estômago/microbiologia , Idoso , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Criança , Ciprofloxacina/uso terapêutico , Feminino , Infecções por Bactérias Gram-Positivas/tratamento farmacológico , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade
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