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1.
Indian J Pharmacol ; 56(1): 42-51, 2024 Jan 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38454588

RESUMO

Cosmeceuticals are topically applied cosmetic products containing a biologically active ingredient with a pharmaceutical effect that improves, nourishes, and treats the skin appearance. The trend of cosmeceuticals began during the mid-20th century due to its potent ingredients with therapeutic effects for various skin ailments. Even though there is a great advancement in cosmetics, which shows the risk of cosmetic linked melanoma, endocrine disorders, and birth defects which was one in 1500 people during 1935 have increased to one in 75 people in 2000. Hence, as a part of reducing the harmful effect, natural ingredients were added to the formulation to give the pharmaceutical effect. Thus, natural/herbal cosmeceuticals were introduced. Due to the awareness of the side effects such as photo-toxicity, mutagenicity, irritation by these synthetic products, people started preferring herbal/natural cosmetic products. Moreover, natural cosmeceuticals were proven to be effective against various dermatological conditions as well as have fewer side effects marked the natural/herbal cosmeceuticals in the market. Unlike a drug, cosmeceutical products undergo safety, toxicity, and efficacy tests, but these are not classified under Food and Drug Administration. This review will give an insight into different natural ingredients used in natural/herbal cosmeceutical formulation and their function challenges faced during formulation, advantages of natural cosmeceuticals over regular cosmeceuticals, and regulatory aspects in India.


Assuntos
Produtos Biológicos , Cosmecêuticos , Cosméticos , Humanos , Cosmecêuticos/farmacologia , Cosmecêuticos/uso terapêutico , Pele , Preparações Farmacêuticas , Veículos Farmacêuticos
2.
Int J Mol Sci ; 25(3)2024 Jan 30.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38338954

RESUMO

The identification of natural remedies for the management of the skin aging process is an increasingly growing issue. In this context, ursolic acid (UA), a ubiquitous molecule, mainly contained in Annurca apple (AA) fruit, has demonstrated valuable cosmetic potential. To this end, in the current study, the AA oleolite (AAO, extract in sunflower oil containing 784.40 ± 7.579 µg/mL of UA) was evaluated to inhibit porcine elastase enzymatic reactions through a validated spectrophotometric method. AAO has shown a valuable capacity to contrast the elastase enzyme with a calculated IC50 of 212.76 mg/mL, in comparison to UA (IC50 of 135.24 µg/mL) pure molecules and quercetin (IC50 of 72.47 µg/mL) which are used as positive controls. In this context and in view of the valuable antioxidant potential of AAO, its topical formulation with 2.5% (w/w) AAO was tested in a placebo-controlled, double-blind, two-arm clinical study on 40 volunteers. Our results indicated that after 28 days of treatment, a significant reduction of the nasolabial fold (-7.2 vs. baseline T0, p < 0.001) and forehead wrinkles (-5.3 vs. baseline T0, p < 0.001) were registered in combination with a valuable improvement of the viscoelastic skin parameters, where skin pliability/firmness (R0) and gross elasticity (R2) were significantly ameliorated (-13% vs. baseline T0, p < 0.001 for R0 and +12% vs. baseline T0, p < 0.001 for R2). Finally, considering the positive correlation between skin elasticity and hydration, the skin moisture was evaluated through the estimation of Trans epidermal water loss (TEWL) and skin conductance.


Assuntos
Cosméticos , Malus , Envelhecimento da Pele , Humanos , Animais , Suínos , Pele , Cosméticos/farmacologia , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Veículos Farmacêuticos , Elastase Pancreática
3.
Sci Rep ; 14(1): 963, 2024 01 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38200019

RESUMO

The Hedyotis diffusa-Scutellaria officinalis pair (HD-SB) has therapeutic effects on a variety of cancers. Our study was to explore the mechanism of HD-SB in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). A total of 217 active ingredients of HD-SB and 1196 HCC-related targets were reserved from the TCMSP and the SwissTarget Prediction database, and we got 63 intersection targets from GeneCards. We used a Venn diagram, and Cytoscape found that the three core ingredients were quercetin, luteolin, and baicalein. The PPI analysis showed that the core targets were TP53, CDK2, XPO1, and APP. Molecular docking results showed that these core ingredients had good binding potential with the core targets. HD-SB acts simultaneously on various HCC-related signaling pathways, including proteoglycans in cancer and the P53 signaling pathway. In vitro experiments confirmed that HD-SB can inhibit HepG2 cell proliferation by increasing TP53 and APP levels and decreasing XPO1 and CDK2 levels. This study analyzed active ingredients, core targets, and central mechanisms of HD-SB in the treatment of HCC. It reveals the role of HD-SB in targeting the P53 signaling pathway in the treatment of HCC. We hope that our research could provide a new perspective to the therapy of HCC and find new anticancer drugs.


Assuntos
Carcinoma Hepatocelular , Hedyotis , Neoplasias Hepáticas , Oldenlandia , Scutellaria , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/tratamento farmacológico , Simulação de Acoplamento Molecular , Proteína Supressora de Tumor p53 , Neoplasias Hepáticas/tratamento farmacológico , Veículos Farmacêuticos
4.
Int J Mol Sci ; 25(2)2024 Jan 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38255871

RESUMO

Seaweed, a miscellaneous group of marine algae, has long been recognized for its rich nutritional composition and bioactive compounds, being considered nutraceutical ingredient. This revision delves into the promising role of seaweed-derived nutrients as a beneficial resource for drug discovery and innovative product development. Seaweeds are abundant sources of essential vitamins, minerals, polysaccharides, polyphenols, and unique secondary metabolites, which reveal a wide range of biological activities. These bioactive compounds possess potential therapeutic properties, making them intriguing candidates for drug leads in various medical applications and pharmaceutical drug development. It explores their pharmacological properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anticancer activities, shedding light on their potential as therapeutic agents. Moreover, the manuscript provides insights into the development of formulation strategies and delivery systems to enhance the bioavailability and stability of seaweed-derived compounds. The manuscript also discusses the challenges and opportunities associated with the integration of seaweed-based nutrients into the pharmaceutical and nutraceutical industries. Regulatory considerations, sustainability, and scalability of sustainable seaweed sourcing and cultivation methods are addressed, emphasizing the need for a holistic approach in harnessing seaweed's potential. This revision underscores the immense potential of seaweed-derived compounds as a valuable reservoir for drug leads and product development. By bridging the gap between marine biology, pharmacology, and product formulation, this research contributes to the critical advancement of sustainable and innovative solutions in the pharmaceutical and nutraceutical sectors.


Assuntos
Medicina , Desenvolvimento de Medicamentos , Vitaminas , Veículos Farmacêuticos , Oceanos e Mares
5.
J AOAC Int ; 107(2): 354-361, 2024 Mar 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37951585

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The flavor theory of Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs) is one of the core theories of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Accurate flavor identification of CHMs is essential to guide the clinical application of CHMs. OBJECTIVE: To develop a new method for flavor identification of CHMs according to the ingredient information for CHMs. METHODS: It was found that the chemical basis of medicinal flavors was CHM ingredients. We developed a bitter-pungent flavor identification scheme to build a relationship between medicinal flavors and CHM ingredients. We firstly proposed a scientific hypothesis that "CHMs with similar flavors should have a similar chemical basis". To test this scientific hypothesis, we then explored an intelligent algorithm for bitter-pungent flavor identification of CHMs based on the information similarity of CHM ingredients. GC was used to separate the chemical ingredients of CHMs and analyze the ingredient information of CHMs. A distance metric learning algorithm was built to measure the similarity of GC chemical fingerprints. A bitter-pungent flavor identification scheme (BPFI) was proposed to predict the bitter-pungent flavor of CHMs. Finally, a number of experiments were performed to evaluate the identification performance of our scheme. RESULTS: Compared to classical algorithms, our proposed BPFI scheme has better flavor prediction performance. The total identification accuracy of our BPFI scheme reached 0.843. The area under ROC (receiver operating characteristic curve) curve (AUC) was 0.899. CONCLUSION: The experimental results confirmed our inference that the chemical basis of CHM flavors was CHM ingredients, and implied that CHMs with similar flavors had similar composition. The BPFI model proved to be effective and feasible. HIGHLIGHTS: Verification hypothesis: CHMs with similar flavors should have similar chemical basis.


Assuntos
Algoritmos , Medicina Tradicional Chinesa , Veículos Farmacêuticos , Extratos Vegetais
6.
Int J Pharm ; 650: 123629, 2024 Jan 25.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37992979

RESUMO

Given that current androgenetic alopecia (AGA) medications have adverse effects such as sexual dysfunction and drug dependence, researchers are actively exploring natural bioactive ingredients and innovative approaches (e.g., transdermal drug delivery systems) to effectively combat hair loss with minimal side effects. Herein, we develop a new transdermal drug delivery system incorporating globefish skin collagen peptides with dissolving microneedles (GSCPs-MNs) for hair regrowth. These microneedles generate skin micro-wounds upon application, which not only improves the efficiency of bioactive ingredients delivery, but also stimulates signals involved in hair follicle (HF) regeneration. Our in vivo study shows that minimally invasive implanted GSCPs-MNs are more effective than topical GSCPs in reducing inflammation and promoting collagen formation. Additionally, the upregulation of vascular markers including VEGF and CD31 alongside the downregulation of TNF-α, IL-1ß, and malondialdehyde (MDA) index indicate that GSCPs-MNs can significantly alleviate inflammation and oxidation, as well as promoting vascularization and HF functionalization. Overall, our findings suggest that GSCPs-MNs can effectively promote hair regrowth in AGA mice, which offer excellent prospects for the development of new therapeutics and cosmetic supplements for hair loss, along with the combined drug delivery optimization, which could alleviate hair loss in patients with AGA.


Assuntos
Alopecia , Cabelo , Humanos , Camundongos , Animais , Alopecia/tratamento farmacológico , Peptídeos/farmacologia , Veículos Farmacêuticos , Colágeno , Inflamação/tratamento farmacológico
7.
Int J Biol Macromol ; 257(Pt 1): 128636, 2024 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38065459

RESUMO

Injectable hydrogel has attracted appealing attention for skin wound treatment. Although multifunctional injectable hydrogels can be prepared by introducing bioactive ingredients with antibacterial and anti-inflammatory capabilities, their preparation remains complicated. Herein, a polyphenol-based supramolecular injectable hydrogel (PBSIH) based on polyphenol gallic acid and biological macromolecule sodium alginate is developed as a wound dressing to accelerate wound healing. We show that such PBSIH can be rapidly formed within 15 s by mixing the sodium alginate and gallic acid solutions based on the hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions. The PBSIH shows excellent cytocompatibility, antibacterial, and antioxidant properties, which enhance infected wound healing by inhibiting bacterial infection and alleviating inflammation after treatment of 11 days. Moreover, we show that the preparative strategies of injectable supramolecular hydrogels can be extended to other polyphenols, including protocatechuic and tannic acids. This study provides a facile yet highly effective method to design injectable polyphenol- sodium alginate hydrogel for wound dressing based on naturally bioactive ingredients.


Assuntos
Hidrogéis , Cicatrização , Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Alginatos , Ácido Gálico/farmacologia , Veículos Farmacêuticos , Polifenóis/farmacologia
8.
Int J Pharm Compd ; 27(6): 474-481, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38100665

RESUMO

Throughout history, pharmacists have used natural products, chemicals, and other materials for prescription compounding. In the past, these chemicals and materials were obtained from natural preparations, raw materials, and even household ingredients. Today, compounding pharmacists use chemicals from various legitimate sources, depending on availability and may even use manufactured drug products as the drug source for compounding (this is especially true in hospital intravenous admixture programs).


Assuntos
Veículos Farmacêuticos , Farmacêuticos , Estados Unidos , Humanos , Composição de Medicamentos , United States Food and Drug Administration , Preparações Farmacêuticas
9.
Int J Pharm Compd ; 27(6): 483-486, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38100666

RESUMO

Inadvertent administration of endotoxins to humans may result in a number of events, ranging from fever, through a cascade of pathogenic responses, to death. Endotoxins are potent, toxic, and very stable and are present in many pharmaceutical ingredients and on surfaces that come into contact with preparations formulated for parenteral administration. Endotoxins are very difficult to eliminate in a final preparation, therefore, procedures are generally directed at eliminating endotoxins during the preparation process. This article discusses the allowable endotoxin levels in parenteral preparations.


Assuntos
Endotoxinas , Veículos Farmacêuticos , Humanos , Preparações Farmacêuticas , Composição de Medicamentos/métodos
10.
Arch Dermatol Res ; 315(10): 2787-2793, 2023 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37792034

RESUMO

Microencapsulation has received extensive attention because of its various applications. Since its inception in the 1940s, this technology has been used across several areas, including the chemical, food, and pharmaceutical industries. Over-the-counter skin products often contain ingredients that readily and unevenly degrade upon contact with the skin. Enclosing these substances within a silica shell can enhance their stability and better regulate their delivery onto and into the skin. Silica microencapsulation uses silica as the matrix material into which ingredients can be embedded to form microcapsules. The FDA recognizes amorphous silica as a safe inorganic excipient and recently approved two new topical therapies for the treatment of rosacea and acne. The first approved formulation uses a novel silica-based controlled vehicle delivery technology to improve the stability of two active ingredients that are normally not able to be used in the same formulation due to potential instability and drug degradation. The formulation contains 3.0% benzoyl peroxide (BPO) and 0.1% tretinoin topical cream to treat acne vulgaris in adults and pediatric patients. The second formulation contains silica microencapsulated 5.0% BPO topical cream to treat inflammatory rosacea lesions in adults. Both formulations use the same amorphous silica sol-gel microencapsulation technology to improve formulation stability and skin compatibility parameters.


Assuntos
Acne Vulgar , Fármacos Dermatológicos , Rosácea , Adulto , Humanos , Criança , Fármacos Dermatológicos/uso terapêutico , Peróxido de Benzoíla/uso terapêutico , Acne Vulgar/tratamento farmacológico , Acne Vulgar/patologia , Tretinoína , Veículos Farmacêuticos , Rosácea/tratamento farmacológico , Medicamentos sem Prescrição/uso terapêutico , Géis/uso terapêutico , Resultado do Tratamento , Combinação de Medicamentos
11.
J Drugs Dermatol ; 22(9): 898-904, 2023 Sep 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37683066

RESUMO

PURPOSE: A rise in market demand for anti-aging skin care products has resulted in a proliferation of cosmeceuticals, including products that contain vitamin C. Many topicals containing vitamin C claim to reduce the appearance of wrinkles. However, these claims have not been systematically evaluated. METHODS: A systematic review of literature published between January 2015 and September 2022 was performed per PRISMA guidelines. Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed were queried for records relevant using the following Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) terms: “Topical Vitamin C OR Ascorbic acid”, “Vitamin C efficacy”, “dermatology”, “cosmetology”, and “skin anti-aging”. Variables of interest included: study type, study location, study duration, sample size, patient description, type and ingredients of the topical formulation, outcome measurement, results, and adverse events. RESULTS: After deduplication, consideration of inclusion and exclusion criteria, and title/abstract screening, 5,428 initial records were reduced to 7 articles, including 4 meeting Level IB criteria, one meeting Level IIA criteria, and 2 meeting Level IIB criteria. Methods for assessing clinical improvements included global photodamage score, skin topography assessment, reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) skin analysis, Dynamical Atlas, and participant self-assessment.  Conclusions: While 4 of the 7 studies met Level IB evidence, further high-quality, prospective, and comparative studies are indicated to better elucidate the role of topical vitamin C in wrinkle reduction. All the studies used vitamin C in combination with other ingredients or therapeutic mechanisms, thereby complicating any specific conclusions regarding the efficacy of vitamin C. Citation: Sanabria B, Berger LE, Mohd H, et al. Clinical efficacy of topical vitamin C on the appearance of wrinkles: a systematic literature review. J Drugs Dermatol. 2023;22(9):898-904. doi:10.36849/JDD.7332.


Assuntos
Ácido Ascórbico , Vitaminas , Humanos , Ácido Ascórbico/efeitos adversos , Estudos Prospectivos , Resultado do Tratamento , Envelhecimento , Veículos Farmacêuticos
12.
Food Res Int ; 172: 113161, 2023 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37689913

RESUMO

Owing to the recognized therapeutic characteristics of G. lucidum, it is one of the most extensively researched mushrooms as a chemopreventive agent and as a functional food. It is a known wood-degrading basidiomycete possessing numerous pharmacological functions and is termed a natural pharmacy store due to its rich number of active compounds which have proved to portray numerous therapeutic properties. This current review highlights studies on the potentialities of G. lucidum extracts as functional ingredients on organoleptic and nutritional properties of food products (e.g., dairy, wine, beverage, bakery, meat, and other products). In addition, the study delved into various aspects of encapsulated G. lucidum extracts, their morphological and rheological characteristics, prebiotic and immunomodulatory importance, the effects on apoptosis, autophagy, cancer therapy, inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, antioxidant activities, and safety concerns. These findings have significant implications for the development of new products in the food and pharmaceutical industries. On the other hand, the various active compounds extracted from G. lucidum exhibited no toxic or adverse effects, and the appeal for it as a dietary food, natural remedy, and health-fortifying food is drastically increasing as well as attracting the interest of both the industrial and scientific communities. Furthermore, the formation of functional foods based on G. lucidum appears to have actual promise and exciting prospects in nutrition, food, and pharmaceutical sciences.


Assuntos
Reishi , Bebidas , Alimento Funcional , Carne , Estado Nutricional , Veículos Farmacêuticos
13.
PeerJ ; 11: e15999, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37701826

RESUMO

Dieting is a basic treatment for lowering hyperuricemia. Here, we aimed to determine the optimal amount of dietary food that lowers serum uric acid (SUA) without modifying the dietary ingredients in rats. Increased SUA was found in food-deprived 45-day-old uricase-deficient rats (Kunming-DY rats), and the optimal amount of dietary food (75% dietary intake) to lower SUA was established by controlling the amount of food given daily from 25% to 100% for 2 weeks. In addition to lowering SUA by approximately 22.5 ± 20.5%, the optimal amount of dietary food given for 2 weeks inhibited urine uric acid excretion, lowered the uric acid content in multiple organs, improved renal function, lowered serum triglyceride, alleviated organ injuries (e.g., liver, kidney and intestinal tract) at the histological level, and down-regulated the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome (KEGG) pathway of the cell cycle (ko04110). Taken together, these results demonstrate that 75% dietary food effectively lowers the SUA level without modifying dietary ingredients and alleviates the injuries resulting from uricase deficiency or hyperuricemia, the mechanism of which is associated with the down-regulation of the cell cycle pathway.


Assuntos
Hiperuricemia , Animais , Ratos , Urato Oxidase , Ácido Úrico , Ciclo Celular , Divisão Celular , Veículos Farmacêuticos
14.
Sci Rep ; 13(1): 13501, 2023 08 19.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37598198

RESUMO

Use of e-cigarettes is increasing, alongside an expanding variety of devices and e-liquids. To match this growth and in line with the expanding legal and regulatory requirements applicable to manufacturers of e-cigarettes (e.g. disclosure of list of ingredients and quantities thereof in a product), rapid methods for determining levels of the main e-liquid constituents-namely, propylene glycol (PG), vegetable glycerol (VG), water and nicotine-are needed. We have assessed the ability of near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy, coupled with partial least squares (PLS) regression, to predict the levels of these constituents in e-liquid formulations. Using NIR spectral data from a large set of reference e-liquids incorporating working concentration ranges, flavourings, and other ingredients, linear calibration models were established for PG, VG, water and nicotine (predicted vs theoretical values, all R2 > 0.995). The performance of these models was then evaluated on commercial e-liquids using NIR and compared to results obtained by gas chromatography (GC). A strong correlation was observed between NIR-predicted values and measured values for PG, VG and nicotine (all R2 > 0.955). There was less consistency between predicted and GC measured values for water due to the relatively high limit of quantification (LOQ) of the GC method (2.6% w/w) versus the e-liquid content (0-18% w/w). The LOQ of the NIR method for water was 0.6% w/w, suggesting that NIR may be a more accurate method than GC to predict water concentration in e-liquids, especially at low levels (< 2.6% w/w). Collectively, although limitations of the technique have been identified, specifically for e-liquids containing compounds that might interfere with the set calibrations, our findings suggest that NIR combined with PLS regression is a suitable tool for rapid, simultaneous and high-throughput measurement of PG, VG, water and nicotine levels in most commercial e-liquids.


Assuntos
Sistemas Eletrônicos de Liberação de Nicotina , Espectroscopia de Luz Próxima ao Infravermelho , Nicotina , Calibragem , Glicerol , Veículos Farmacêuticos , Propilenoglicol , Verduras , Água
15.
Prog Chem Org Nat Prod ; 122: 163-219, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37392312

RESUMO

The widespread utility of herbal products has been rising considerably worldwide, including both developed and developing countries, leading to the rapid growth of their availability in the United States and globally. This substantial increase in consumption of herbal products has witnessed the emergence of adverse effects upon oral administration of certain of these products, and thus has raised safety concerns. The adverse effects caused by the consumption of certain botanical medicines occur primarily as a result of the poor quality of plant raw materials or the finished products, which inherently may affect safety and/or efficacy. The poor quality of some herbal products can be attributed to a lack of proper quality assurance and quality control. A high demand for herbal products that surpasses production, combined with a desire for maximizing profits, along with a lack of rigorous quality control within some manufacturing facilities have led to the emergence of quality inconsistencies. The underlying causes for this involve the misidentification of plant species, or their substitution, adulteration, or contamination with harmful ingredients. Analytical assessments have revealed there to be frequent and significant compositional variations between marketed herbal products. The inconsistency of the quality of herbal products can be ascribed essentially to the inconsistency of the botanical raw material quality used to manufacture the products. Thus, the quality assurance and the quality control of the botanical raw materials is may contribute significantly to improving the quality and consistency of the quality of the end products. The current chapter focuses on the chemical evaluation of quality and consistency of herbal products, including botanical dietary supplements. Different techniques, instruments, applications, and methods used in identifying, quantifying, and generating chemical fingerprints and chemical profiles of the ingredients of the herbal products will be described. The strengths and weaknesses of the various techniques available will be addressed. Limitations of the other approaches including morphological or microscopic analysis and DNA-based analysis will be presented.


Assuntos
Efeitos Colaterais e Reações Adversas Relacionados a Medicamentos , Humanos , Administração Oral , Comércio , Suplementos Nutricionais , Contaminação de Medicamentos , Veículos Farmacêuticos
16.
Sci Rep ; 13(1): 11227, 2023 07 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37433827

RESUMO

Time-resolved volumetric magnetic resonance imaging (4D MRI) could be used to address organ motion in image-guided interventions like tumor ablation. Current 4D reconstruction techniques are unsuitable for most interventional settings because they are limited to specific breathing phases, lack temporal/spatial resolution, and have long prior acquisitions or reconstruction times. Deep learning-based (DL) 4D MRI approaches promise to overcome these shortcomings but are sensitive to domain shift. This work shows that transfer learning (TL) combined with an ensembling strategy can help alleviate this key challenge. We evaluate four approaches: pre-trained models from the source domain, models directly trained from scratch on target domain data, models fine-tuned from a pre-trained model and an ensemble of fine-tuned models. For that the data base was split into 16 source and 4 target domain subjects. Comparing ensemble of fine-tuned models (N = 10) with directly learned models, we report significant improvements (P < 0.001) of the root mean squared error (RMSE) of up to 12% and the mean displacement (MDISP) of up to 17.5%. The smaller the target domain data amount, the larger the effect. This shows that TL + Ens significantly reduces beforehand acquisition time and improves reconstruction quality, rendering it a key component in making 4D MRI clinically feasible for the first time in the context of 4D organ motion models of the liver and beyond.


Assuntos
Aprendizado Profundo , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Radiografia , Fígado/diagnóstico por imagem , Cintilografia , Veículos Farmacêuticos
17.
Mol Pharm ; 20(7): 3278-3297, 2023 07 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37279070

RESUMO

In recent years, significant progress has been made in transdermal drug delivery systems, but there is still a search for enhancers that can improve the absorption of active substances through the stratum corneum. Although permeation enhancers have been described in the scientific literature, the use of naturally occurring substances in this role is still of particular interest, because they can offer a high level of safety of use, with a low risk of skin irritation, and high efficiency. In addition, these ingredients are biodegradable, easily available, and widely accepted by consumers due to the growing trust in natural compounds. This article provides information on the role of naturally derived compounds in transdermal drug delivery systems that help them penetrate the skin. The work focuses on the components found in the stratum corneum such as sterols, ceramides, oleic acid, and urea. Penetration enhancers found in nature, mainly in plants, such as terpenes, polysaccharides, and fatty acids have also been described. The mechanism of action of permeation enhancers in the stratum corneum is discussed, and information on the methods of assessing their penetration efficiency is provided. Our review mainly covers original papers from 2017 to 2022, supplemented with review papers, and then older publications used to supplement or verify the data. The use of natural penetration enhancers has been shown to increase the transport of active ingredients through the stratum corneum and can compete with synthetic counterparts.


Assuntos
Absorção Cutânea , Pele , Administração Cutânea , Pele/metabolismo , Epiderme , Veículos Farmacêuticos/metabolismo , Sistemas de Liberação de Medicamentos/métodos
18.
Int J Biol Macromol ; 245: 125407, 2023 Aug 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37327937

RESUMO

Bletilla striata is a well-known medicinal plant with high pharmaceutical and ornamental values. Polysaccharide is the most important bioactive ingredient in B. striata and has various health benefits. Recently, B. striata polysaccharides (BSPs) have attracted much attention from industries and researchers due to their remarkable immunomodulatory, antioxidant, anti-cancer, hemostatic, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, gastroprotective, and liver protective effects. Despite the successful isolation and characterization of BSPs, there is still limited knowledge regarding their structure-activity relationships (SARs), safety concerns, and applications, which hinders their full utilization and development. Herein, we provided an overview of the extraction, purification, and structural features, as well as the effects of different influencing factors on the components and structures of BSPs. We also highlighted and summarized the diversity of chemistry and structure, specificity of biological activity, and SARs of BSP. The challenges and opportunities of BSPs in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmeceutical fields are discussed, and the potential development and future study direction are scrutinized. This article provides comprehensive knowledge and underpinnings for further research and application of BSPs as therapeutic agents and multifunctional biomaterials.


Assuntos
Neoplasias , Orchidaceae , Plantas Medicinais , Humanos , Polissacarídeos/química , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Veículos Farmacêuticos , Orchidaceae/química
19.
Contact Dermatitis ; 89(3): 161-170, 2023 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37315639

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Hair cosmetic products contain several, partly potent contact allergens, including excipients like preservatives. Hand dermatitis in hairdressers is common, scalp and face dermatitis in clients or self-users (summarised here as 'consumers') may be severe. OBJECTIVE: To compare frequencies of sensitization to hair cosmetic ingredients and other selected allergens between female patch tested patients working as hairdressers and consumers without professional background, respectively, who were tested for suspected allergic contact dermatitis to such products. METHODS: Patch test and clinical data collected by the IVDK (https://www.ivdk.org) between 01/2013 and 12/2020 were descriptively analysed, focusing on age-adjusted sensitization prevalences in the two subgroups. RESULTS: Amongst the 920 hairdressers (median age: 28 years, 84% hand dermatitis) and 2321 consumers (median age: 49 years, 71.8% head/face dermatitis), sensitization to p-phenylenediamine (age-standardised prevalence: 19.7% and 31.6%, respectively) and toluene-2,5-diamine (20 and 30.8%) were most common. Contact allergy to other oxidative hair dye ingredients was also more commonly diagnosed in consumers, whereas ammonium persulphate (14.4% vs. 2.3%) and glyceryl thioglycolate (3.9 vs. 1.2%) as well as most notably methylisothiazolinone (10.5% vs. 3.1%) were more frequent allergens in hairdressers. CONCLUSIONS: Hair dyes were the most frequent sensitizers both in hairdressers and in consumers; however, as indication for patch testing may differ, prevalences cannot directly be compared. The importance of hair dye allergy is evident, often with marked coupled reactivity. Workplace and product safety need to be further improved.


Assuntos
Dermatite Alérgica de Contato , Dermatite Ocupacional , Eczema , Tinturas para Cabelo , Preparações para Cabelo , Humanos , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Dermatite Alérgica de Contato/diagnóstico , Dermatite Alérgica de Contato/epidemiologia , Dermatite Alérgica de Contato/etiologia , Preparações para Cabelo/efeitos adversos , Tinturas para Cabelo/efeitos adversos , Alérgenos/efeitos adversos , Testes do Emplastro , Veículos Farmacêuticos , Dermatite Ocupacional/diagnóstico , Dermatite Ocupacional/epidemiologia , Dermatite Ocupacional/etiologia
20.
Food Res Int ; 170: 113046, 2023 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37316029

RESUMO

The World Health Organization's emphasis on the health benefits of functional foods and beverages that has contributed to the rise in its popularity globally. Besides these consumers have become more aware of the importance of their food composition and nutrition. Among the fastest-growing market segments within the functional food industries, the functional drinks market focuses on fortified beverages or products that are novel with improved bioavailability of bioactive compounds, and their implicated health benefits. The bioactive ingredients in functional beverages include phenolic compounds, minerals, vitamins, amino acids, peptides, unsaturated fatty acids, etc. which can be obtained from plant, animal and microorganisms. The types of functional beverages which are globally intensifying the markets are pre-/pro-biotics, beauty drinks, cognitive and immune system enhancers, energy and sports drink produced via several thermal and non-thermal processes. Researchers are focusing on improving the stability of the active compounds by encapsulation, emulsion, and high-pressure homogenization techniques to strengthen the positive consumer perspective in functional beverages. However, more research is needed in terms of bioavailability, consumer safety, and sustainability of the process. Hence, product development, storage stability, and sensory properties of these products are vital for consumer acceptance. This review focuses on the recent trends and developments in the functional beverages industry. The review provides a critical discussion on diverse functional ingredients, bioactive sources, production processes, emerging process technologies, improvement in the stability of ingredients and bioactive compounds. This review also outlines the global market and consumer perception of functional beverages with the future perspective and scope.


Assuntos
Aminoácidos , Bebidas , Animais , Conscientização , Disponibilidade Biológica , Alimento Funcional , Veículos Farmacêuticos
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