Young Professionals in Neuroradiology: Opportunities, Challenges, and Future Directions.

The Young Professionals Committee of the American Society of Neuroradiology identifies and serves the interests of young professionals in neuroradiology, defined as those still in training or within 5 years of its completion. Being a young professional is an exciting, dynamic, and demanding stage of one's professional career. As the landscape of neuroradiology practice changes, new opportunities and challenges occur for those in the early stage of their career. It is important to recognize and support the needs of young professionals because an investment in their professional development is an investment in the future of our specialty. In this article, we aimed to address the most notable developments relevant to current and future young professionals in neuroradiology as well as highlight the work done by the Young Professionals Committee of the American Society of Neuroradiology in serving the needs of these young professionals, focusing on early neuroradiology engagement, flexible work arrangements, private practice, social media, artificial intelligence, and international collaborations.

Cananga odorata Aromatherapy Reduces Anxiety in Unexperienced Patients Hospitalized for Interventional Neuroradiology Procedures: A Randomized Control Trial.

The hospitalization and the unfamiliar experiences of patients in interventional radiology procedures cause a moderate to high levels of anxiety. This study was aimed to evaluate the anxiolytic effect of Cananga odorata essential oil (COE) aromatherapy in unexperienced patients hospitalized for interventional neuroradiology (INR) procedures. Forty-four patients admitted for their first INR procedure were randomly divided into COE and placebo control groups. COE or distilled water was dropped onto 2 pieces of mulberry paper and attached to the participant's gown at the shoulder level overnight. The main outcomes were observed from the morning salivary cortisol levels and salivary alpha-amylase activity after intervention. The Thai version of Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and the vital signs (blood pressure and heart rate) were also assessed before and after COE intervention as the secondary outcome. The demographic and baseline data of both groups did not show any significant difference. After intervention, COE group had a significantly lower salivary alpha-amylase activity than placebo control group. The post-intervention scores of Trait (STAI-T) and State (STAI-S) anxiety were significantly less than those of baseline in both groups. Interestingly, the COE group had a greater percentage reduction on STAI-T after intervention than placebo control group. No significant difference was observed in other outcomes. In addition, the salivary alpha-amylase activity was weak but showed significant correlation with STAI anxiety scores. This study indicates that COE aromatherapy reduces the saliva alpha amylase activity and STAI-T anxiety in unexperienced patients hospitalized for INR procedures.

Neuroradiological findings in Alagille syndrome.

Alagille syndrome (ALGS) is a multisystemic disease caused by mutations in genes of Notch pathway, which regulates embryonic cell differentiation and angiogenesis. Clinically, ALGS is characterized by cholestasis, cardiac defects, characteristic facial features, skeletal and ophthalmologic abnormalities. The aim of this review is to illustrate neuroradiological findings in ALGS, which are less well-known and prevalent, including cerebrovascular anomalies (such as aneurysms, dolichoectasia, Moyamoya syndrome and venous peculiarities), Chiari 1 malformation, craniosynostosis, intracranial hypertension, and vertebral anomalies (namely butterfly vertebra, hemivertebra, and craniocervical junction anomalies). Rarer cerebral midline malformations and temporal bone anomalies have also been described.

One hundred years of neuroradiology in Acta Radiologica: a Swedish perspective.

This year, Acta Radiologica marks its 100th anniversary. In this article, the authors present some of the highlights from the close collaboration between Swedish neuroradiology and Acta Radiologica over the last 100 years.

Emergency Intraoperative Ultrasound for the Neurosurgical Trainee.

The use of intraoperative ultrasound in emergency cranial neurosurgical procedures is not well described. It may improve surgical outcomes and is useful when other neuro-navigation systems are not readily available. We provide a practical guide for neurosurgical trainees to utilize ultrasound for various emergency cranial neurosurgical procedures, including lesion localization, insertion of an external ventricular drain, and shunt revision surgery. Intraoperative ultrasound is a useful modality for urgent neurosurgical procedures.

Adoption of the Transradial Approach for Neurointerventions: A National Survey of Current Practitioners.

OBJECTIVES: The transradial approach (TRA) is technically feasible for both diagnostic and therapeutic neurointerventions. It improves patient comfort and is not associated with increased procedural complications when compared to the transfemoral approach (TFA). To date, no studies have looked at barriers to adoption of TRA in the neurointerventionalist community. This study aims to obtain neurointerventionalist perspectives on their adoption of TRA. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Online survey distributed to neurointerventionalists. RESULTS: A total of 55 neurointerventionalists, 52 of whom utilized TRA, responded to our survey. Overall, participants were not concerned about TRA's technical feasibility for diagnostic or therapeutic neurointerventions or about procedural complications. Most of our cohort adopted TRA due to its increased patient comfort and to reduce access site complications. In-institution interventionalists were strongly perceived to be the most effective method of teaching TRA when compared to other methods. Catheters and equipment issues were reported by about 30% of our cohort as a barrier to TRA adoption. CONCLUSIONS: The neurointerventionalist community largely perceives TRA to be technically feasible and was not concerned about its procedural complications. In-person institutionalists are strongly perceived to be the most effective method of teaching the approach. A significant barrier to adoption seems to be related to catheters and equipment issues.

Artificial Intelligence and Deep Learning in Neuroradiology: Exploring the New Frontier.

There have been many recently published studies exploring machine learning (ML) and deep learning applications within neuroradiology. The improvement in performance of these techniques has resulted in an ever-increasing number of commercially available tools for the neuroradiologist. In this narrative review, recent publications exploring ML in neuroradiology are assessed with a focus on several key clinical domains. In particular, major advances are reviewed in the context of: (1) intracranial hemorrhage detection, (2) stroke imaging, (3) intracranial aneurysm screening, (4) multiple sclerosis imaging, (5) neuro-oncology, (6) head and tumor imaging, and (7) spine imaging.

Early intracranial haemorrhages in acute promyelocytic leukaemia: analysis of neuroradiological and clinico-biological parameters.

Acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL) represents a modern success of precision medicine. However, fatalities occurring within the first 30 days of induction treatment, in particular intracranial haemorrhage (ICH), remain the main causes of death. We studied the clinico-biological characteristics of 13 patients with APL who experienced ICH. Compared to 85 patients without this complication, patients with ICH were older and more frequently had high-risk APL. Moreover, positivity for the 'swirl' sign at neuroradiological imaging and hydrocephalus were predictors of a fatal outcome, together with lower fibrinogen, prolonged international normalized ratio (INR) and higher lactate dehydrogenase levels.

Transition to virtual appointments for interventional neuroradiology due to the COVID-19 pandemic: a survey of satisfaction.

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the way medicine is practiced, including the implementation of virtual care in many specialties. In the field of interventional neuroradiology (INR), virtual clinics are an uncommon practice with minimal literature to support its use. Our objective was to report prospective, single-centre data regarding patient and physician experience with virtual INR clinics for routine follow-up appointments. METHODS: We surveyed all patients that participated in a virtual INR clinic follow-up appointment at our hospital over a 3 month period. Information gathered included length of appointment delays (ie, wait times), length of appointment times, overall satisfaction, and perceived safety metrics. A survey was also sent out to all physicians who participated in virtual clinics with similar questions. RESULTS: 118/122 patients and 6/6 physicians completed the survey. Wait times before previous in-person appointments were perceived to be much longer than virtual appointments, whereas in-person appointment times were longer. 112/118 (94.9%) patients and 4/6 (67%) physicians reported general satisfaction with their virtual clinic experience. There were 8/118 patients who felt their conditions could not be safely assessed virtually, compared with 1/6 (17%) physicians. Lastly, 72.2% of patients reported that they would prefer virtual or telephone visits in the future for non-urgent follow-up, and 5/6 (83%) of physicians reported the same. CONCLUSION: Virtual INR clinics are more efficient and are preferred among patients and physicians for non-urgent follow-up appointments. Our study demonstrates the feasibility of a virtual platform for INR care, which could be sustainable for future practice.