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1.
Clin Rheumatol ; 43(3): 1103-1110, 2024 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38308685

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Fibrosis is a typical pathological characteristic in IgG4-RD patients and often irreversible. There exists a lack of suitable markers for detection of earlier onset of fibrosis in various organs in IgG4-RD patients. Hence, this study aims at analysing ambispectively the myofibroblasts and the pro-fibrotic cytokines, IFN gamma and IL-33 involved in IgG4-RD associated fibrosis in South Asian patients. METHOD: Archived biopsy samples of definite/probable/possible cases of IgG4-RD, classified according to diagnostic criteria, taken from patients who attended the OPD and IPD of our tertiary care centre during January 2015-January 2020 were chosen for this study. The paraffin sections were examined qualitatively for fibrosis and the excessive collagen deposition by Hematoxylin & Eosin and Masson's Trichrome staining. Also, the presence of alpha-Smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expressing myofibroblasts and the involvement of pro-fibrotic cytokines (IFN-gamma, IL-33) were assessed by Immunohistochemistry and scored semi-quantitatively (+mild, ++moderate, +++ severe). Serum IL-33 levels were analysed by indirect Elisa (R & D Systems). RESULTS: Myofibroblasts were present in 10/12 biopsy samples, in moderate levels in 4 (33%) and very high levels (+++) in 3 (25%) of the patients. IFN-gamma was expressed at low levels in 6 (50%) and absent in 6 (50%). All patients showed IL-33 expression with very high levels in tissue (6, 50%), as well as in serum samples. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study reinforce the role of myofibroblasts and profibrotic cytokines like IL-33 in fibrosis of Ig4-RD patients, pointing to their potential as earlier predictive markers of onset and extent of fibrosis.


Assuntos
Citocinas , Doença Relacionada a Imunoglobulina G4 , Humanos , Interleucina-33 , Miofibroblastos/patologia , Dados Preliminares , Fibrose
2.
Front Biosci (Landmark Ed) ; 29(1): 31, 2024 01 19.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38287810

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Next-generation 5G communication technology involves increasing use of 3-100 GHz wireless bands in population centers. Though still non-ionizing, this implies higher radiation energy vs. existing bands. The range is also shorter, needing more numerous emitters, closer to the user-resulting in higher electromagnetic energy exposure. With no universal consensus regarding exposure risks, there is some concern among the public and the scientific community, following indications that 5G radiation can impact immune function, trigger inflammatory responses, and influence expression of genes affecting protein folding, oxidative stress, tissue/extracellular matrix (ECM) matrix turnover, and more. This work aims at identifying botanical extracts for protection of human skin from these impacts, based on a preliminary cell culture-based model. METHODS: We irradiated human epidermal keratinocytes at 6 GHz, evaluating effects on Interleukin1-α (IL1-α), a key inflammatory cytokine; TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 1 (TIMP1), shown to inhibit collagenase; Angiopoietin-like protein 4 (ANGPLT4), which plays a role in wound healing and epidermal differentiation; and S100 calcium-binding protein A9 (S100A9), involved in immune recruitment during injury, by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunostaining. We next used this model to identify substances able to mitigate the effects of 5G irradiation, through the evaluation of the influence of treatment by one of several botanical extracts on the observed effects of 5G irradiation. RESULTS: After a remarkably short 1-h exposure, clear effects on keratinocyte function were observed: increased inflammatory cytokine IL1-α; reduced collagenase inhibitor TIMP1; increased wound healing/differentiation facilitator ANGPLT4; and increased SA100A9, involved in immune recruitment during injury. On this basis, we then showed the protective effects of selected botanical extracts, capable of reducing the increase in IL1-α induced by 5G exposure, possibly in part due to anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties of compounds present in these extracts. CONCLUSIONS: Our results show a clear influence of 5G irradiation on the keratinocytes, possibly indicating injury and damage responses. What's more, we showed how these preliminary data can be used to identify botanical extracts capable of offering some protection against these effects for users of 5G technology, e.g., when employed as active ingredients in protective cosmetic applications.


Assuntos
Queratinócitos , Pele , Humanos , Dados Preliminares , Queratinócitos/metabolismo , Citocinas/metabolismo , Técnicas de Cultura de Células
3.
Psychol Serv ; 21(1): 1-12, 2024 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37053394

RESUMO

Caring Letters is a prevention program aimed at reducing suicide risk; however, clinical trials indicate mixed results among military and veteran samples. The present study aimed to pilot a new version of the Caring Letters intervention that was adapted to military culture in order to emphasize peer support. The supportive letters, traditionally sent from clinicians, were written by peer veterans (PVs) who volunteered from local Veteran Service Organizations (VSOs). PVs (n = 15) attended a 4-hr workshop to learn about Caring Letters and write six letters to a veteran with a recent hospitalization for suicide risk (hospitalized veterans [HVs]; n = 15 completed a baseline assessment). Letters from PVs were sent to HVs once a month for 6 months following discharge from the psychiatric inpatient unit. The study used a limited efficacy approach to examine feasibility outcomes including implementation procedures, participant recruitment and retention rates, and barriers and facilitators. Acceptability measures examined HV satisfaction, perceived privacy and safety, and PV workshop satisfaction. Among HVs, results suggested that suicidal ideation improved from baseline to follow-up (g = 3.19). Results suggested resilience scores improved among HVs (g = 0.99). Results also suggested a possible reduction in stigma associated with mental health treatment among PVs at 1-month postworkshop assessment. Interpretation of the results is limited by the design and sample size, but the results provide preliminary support for the feasibility and acceptability of a PV approach to Caring Letters. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).


Assuntos
Militares , Veteranos , Humanos , Prevenção ao Suicídio , Veteranos/psicologia , Dados Preliminares , Militares/psicologia , Ideação Suicida
4.
Clin Implant Dent Relat Res ; 26(1): 237-244, 2024 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37965745

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Full-arch IOS scan of edentulous areas rehabilitated with dental implants is nowadays still described as an unpredictable procedure. To improve the accuracy, a universal scan template (UST®) is proposed in this article. The clinician can easily assemble the template with a mechanical coupling, by matching the scan bodies with objects of known dimension characterized by specific markers. The UST® facilitates the scanning of an entire arch on scan bodies, reducing the learning curve, simplifying acquisition movements, shortening the scanning time, and drastically reducing the risk of distortions and aberrations of the scans. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In a case series study on 12 patients, the improvement in the accuracy of the scans with UST® was validated by comparing the STL files derived from scans with and without the guide in place. A titanium bar was produced from each optical impression. RESULTS: The bars obtained from the optical impressions taken without UST® were found to be nonpassive in the mouth in the majority of the cases. On the contrary with the use of UST® we obtained 12 passive prosthetic rehabilitations. CONCLUSIONS: The proposed solution may represent a valid method to improve the predictability of full arch optical impressions on implants.


Assuntos
Implantes Dentários , Boca Edêntula , Humanos , Dados Preliminares , Técnica de Moldagem Odontológica , Modelos Dentários , Desenho Assistido por Computador , Boca Edêntula/diagnóstico por imagem , Boca Edêntula/cirurgia , Imageamento Tridimensional
5.
Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) ; 13(3): 131-139, 2024 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37551983

RESUMO

Objective: A few studies have focused on the quality of life (QoL) of patients with chronic non-responsive pressure skin ulcers. The aim of this study was to assess how correct treatment (advanced wound care [AWC] dressings alone or vacuum assisted closure [VAC] therapy alone) changes the QoL of these patients. Approach: One hundred six patients with chronic non-responsive pressure skin ulcers, who had previously used galenic dressings, applied without proper therapeutic indication, were included in this study. We administered the WOUND-Q, at time 0 and after 1 month of appropriate therapy, to assess patient-reported outcome measures. Group 1 consisted of 30 patients treated with advanced dressings, Group 2: 22 patients treated with VAC therapy, and Group 3: 30 patients continuing conventional galenic dressings (Control group). Statistical analysis allowed us to analyze QoL changes over time and to compare WOUND-Q Group 1 and 2 deltas with those of Group 3. The study followed the STROBE statement. Results and Innovation: In all the scales evaluated (Assessment, Drainage, Smell, Life impact, Psychological, Social, Sleep and Dressing), there were significant improvements in mean values for Groups 1 and 2. Kruskal-Wallis tests with Dunn's multiple-comparisons tests and Brown-Forsythe and Welch Analysis of Variance tests demonstrated significant differences between deltas of Group 1 and Group 2 compared with those of Group 3 for most scales analyzed. Conclusions: Administration of the WOUND-Q demonstrated that the application of advanced dressings alone or VAC therapy alone positively affects the QoL of patients with chronic nonresponsive pressure wounds, in comparison with galenic dressings alone. The WOUND-Q has been shown to be a valid tool in studying changes in QoL of these patients.


Assuntos
Tratamento de Ferimentos com Pressão Negativa , Lesão por Pressão , Humanos , Qualidade de Vida , Tratamento de Ferimentos com Pressão Negativa/métodos , Dados Preliminares , Bandagens , Lesão por Pressão/terapia , Itália
6.
Sleep Med ; 113: 238-241, 2024 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38064795

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE/BACKGROUND: Ketogenic dietary therapies' effects on sleep have been poorly investigated up to date. Preliminary results of a prospective study aimed at evaluating possible sleep changes in pediatric patients with migraine treated with classic ketogenic diet are presented. PATIENTS/METHODS: Included patients were aged 14-18 years and had a diagnosis of chronic migraine. A customized classic ketogenic diet was drawn up for all patients and all participants underwent neurological, nutritional and subjective and objective sleep assessment at baseline and after three months of follow-up (standardized sleep questionnaires, polysomnography, actigraphy). RESULTS: The majority of patients reported an improvement in migraine symptoms and quality of life. As far as sleep effects, a possible sleep stabilization was evidenced according to actigraphic data, and polysomnographic data showed a slight increase in total sleep time and sleep efficiency together with a reduction in waking time during night and a trend of NREM stage 1 decrease and REM increase. CONCLUSIONS: Future analyses on a broader population are needed to shed light on the ketogenic dietary therapies' effects on sleep and future research should be devoted to identify influence of possible individual and diet characteristics, and biochemical related changes.


Assuntos
Dieta Cetogênica , Transtornos de Enxaqueca , Humanos , Criança , Estudos Prospectivos , Dieta Cetogênica/métodos , Qualidade de Vida , Dados Preliminares , Sono , Corpos Cetônicos
7.
Medicina (Kaunas) ; 59(12)2023 Dec 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38138211

RESUMO

Background and Objectives: Approximately 5-10% of all patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) harbor a BRAFV600E mutation. These patients exhibit distinct metastatic patterns, poor prognosis, and heterogenous survival outcomes. The findings from the TRIBE study indicated that the administration of FOLFOXIRI plus bevacizumab as first-line treatment extended the median duration of overall survival (OS). In this study, we explored the effects of UGT1A1 polymorphism on the outcomes of irinotecan dose escalation versus FOLFOXIRI plus bevacizumab in patients with BRAFV600E-mutant mCRC. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 25 patients who had received a diagnosis of BRAFV600E-mutant mCRC between October 2015 and August 2022. All patients underwent UGT1A1 genotyping before receiving bevacizumab plus FOLFIRI. The primary end point was progression-free survival (PFS), and secondary endpoints were OS and adverse events (AEs). The two treatment arms were compared in terms of 6-month PFS and 12-month OS. Results: Over a median follow-up duration of 15.0 (interquartile range, 10.0-30.5) months, no significant differences were noted between the treatment arms in severe AEs (SAEs), 6-month PFS, or 12-month OS (all p < 0.05). Regarding AEs, the FOLFIRI plus bevacizumab regimen was associated with a lower incidence of anorexia than was the FOLFOXIRI plus bevacizumab regimen (p = 0.042). Conclusions: Our findings indicate that FOLFIRI plus bevacizumab with irinotecan dose escalation is an effective first-line treatment regimen for patients with BRAFV600E-mutant mCRC. This regimen leads to acceptable clinical outcomes with manageable AEs. However, the effects on survival and safety outcomes could only be speculated, and further studies are needed because of the sample size, the follow-up for the OS evaluation, and the non-uniformity in all the variables considered in the two groups.


Assuntos
Neoplasias do Colo , Neoplasias Colorretais , Neoplasias Retais , Humanos , Bevacizumab/efeitos adversos , Irinotecano/uso terapêutico , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas B-raf/genética , Neoplasias Colorretais/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Colorretais/genética , Neoplasias Colorretais/patologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Dados Preliminares , Camptotecina/efeitos adversos , Fluoruracila/uso terapêutico , Neoplasias do Colo/tratamento farmacológico , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/efeitos adversos
9.
Mil Med ; 188(Suppl 6): 385-392, 2023 11 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37948211

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: This study quantified parameters related to muscle morphology using a group of upright seated female and male volunteers with a head-supported mass. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Upright magnetic resonance images (MRIs) were obtained from 23 healthy volunteers after approval from the U.S. DoD. They were asymptomatic for neck pain, with no history of injury. The volunteers were scanned using an upright MRI scanner with a head-supported mass (army combat helmet). T1 and T2 sagittal and axial images were obtained. Measurements were performed by an engineer and a neurosurgeon. The cross-sectional areas of the sternocleidomastoid and multifidus muscles were measured at the inferior endplate in the sub-axial column, and the centroid angle and centroid radius were quantified. Differences in the morphology by gender and spinal level were analyzed using a repeated measures analysis of variance model, adjusted for multiple corrections. RESULTS: For females and males, the cross-sectional area of the sternocleidomastoid muscle ranged from 2.3 to 3.6 cm2 and from 3.4 to 5.4 cm2, the centroid radius ranged from 4.1 to 5.1 cm and from 4.7 to 5.7 cm, and the centroid angle ranged from 75° to 131° and from 4.8° to 131.2°, respectively. For the multifidus muscle, the area ranged from 1.7 to 3.9 cm2 and from 2.4 to 4.2 cm2, the radius ranged from 3.1 to 3.4 cm and from 3.3 to 3.8 cm, the angle ranged from 15° to 24.4° and 16.2° to 24.4°, respectively. Results from all levels for both muscles and male and female spines are given. CONCLUSIONS: The cross-sectional area, angulation, and centroid radii data for flexor and extensor muscles of the cervical spine serve as a dataset that may be used to better define morphologies in computational models and obtain segmental motions and loads under external mechanical forces. These data can be used in computational models for injury prevention, mitigation, and readiness.


Assuntos
Músculo Esquelético , Músculos do Pescoço , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Músculos do Pescoço/diagnóstico por imagem , Dados Preliminares , Vértebras Cervicais , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Voluntários
13.
Codas ; 36(1): e20220318, 2023.
Artigo em Português, Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37878958

RESUMO

PURPOSE: to verify the performance of children with Developmental Language Disorder in decoding and writing tests in order to better understand their manifestations and the process of acquiring written language skills. METHODS: The study subjects were 80 children. The Research Group consisted of 16 children diagnosed with Developmental Language Disorder, 13 males and 3 females, mean age of 7.3. The Control Group counted on 64 subjects paired in gender, age, education and socioeconomic level with the Control Group in a 4:1 ratio. The ability to decode words and pseudowords of both groups was evaluated, measuring the time spent to correctly read words and the percentage of correct answers, also considering the length of the word/pseudoword. The writing evaluation was carried out in the control group, which had its spelling errors analyzed and categorized. All data underwent descriptive and inferential statistical analysis. RESULTS: The data indicated a longer decoding time and a lower percentage of correct answers for the children from the Research Group. Regarding spelling errors, there was a predominance of arbitrary spelling errors. CONCLUSION: The data showed that children with Developmental Language Disorder tend to have a longer decoding time, greater percentage of errors than their peers and tend to present spelling errors more concentrated in natural orthography.


OBJETIVO: Verificar o desempenho de crianças com diagnóstico de Transtorno do Desenvolvimento da Linguagem em provas de decodificação e escrita para assim entender melhor suas manifestações e o processo de aquisição das habilidades da linguagem escrita. MÉTODO: Foram sujeitos do estudo 80 crianças. Compuseram o Grupo-Pesquisa 16 crianças com diagnóstico de Transtorno do Desenvolvimento da Linguagem, sendo 13 do gênero masculino e 3 do gênero feminino, média de idade de 7,3. O Grupo Controle contou com 64 sujeitos pareados em gênero, idade, escolaridade e nível sócio econômico com o Grupo Controle na proporção 4:1. Foi realizada avaliação da habilidade de decodificação de palavras e pseudopalavras de ambos os grupos, contabilizando-se o tempo de leitura de palavras corretas e a porcentagem de acertos, considerando-se também a extensão da palavra/pseudopalavra. A avaliação da escrita foi realizada no grupo controle, que teve seus erros ortográficos analisados e categorizados. Todos os dados passaram por análise estatística descritiva e inferencial. RESULTADOS: Os dados indicaram maior tempo de decodificação e menor porcentagem de acertos para as crianças do Grupo Pesquisa. Em relação aos erros ortográficos, observou-se a predominância de erros de ortografia arbitrária. CONCLUSÃO: Os dados evidenciam que crianças com Transtorno do Desenvolvimento da Linguagem tendem a apresentar maior tempo de decodificação, maior porcentagem de erros do que seus além, de erros ortográficos mais concentrados na ortografia natural.


Assuntos
Transtornos do Desenvolvimento da Linguagem , Idioma , Masculino , Feminino , Humanos , Criança , Dados Preliminares , Leitura , Redação , Transtornos do Desenvolvimento da Linguagem/diagnóstico
14.
Psychiatr Danub ; 35(Suppl 2): 370-374, 2023 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37800258

RESUMO

Suicide is a serious public health problem, as confirmed by the World Health Organization (WHO). It turns out to be, at least in part, preventable, but it is a complex problem, requiring complex solutions. Studies show us that about 44.5 percent of suicidal individuals would have expressed to someone, prior to the act, their intention to take their own life. Data in scientific literature specifically estimate that 44% of those who died by suicide had seen their general practitioner in the 30 days prior to the act. From this perspective, the general practitioner plays a potentially strategic role, as he or she can act as a "sentinel" in the early recognition of individuals in suicidal crisis and intervene directly, including by referring them to dedicated services. He can also disseminate correct information to the population and promote a culture of sensitivity and acceptance of vulnerabilities, facilitating the expression of possible distress and the potential request for help. In a community suicide prevention strategy, such as that of the Invitation to Life project, it was considered appropriate to investigate the knowledge and training needs of general practitioners in the Province of Trento in the present day, in order to specifically reorient training interventions to be developed in the future.


Assuntos
Clínicos Gerais , Suicídio , Feminino , Humanos , Dados Preliminares , Prevenção ao Suicídio , Ideação Suicida
15.
Arthritis Res Ther ; 25(1): 196, 2023 10 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37821952

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Upadacitinib (UPA) is a selective JAK inhibitor recently approved for the treatment of psoriatic arthritis (PsA). In this post-approval study, we aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of UPA over 24 weeks and identify clinical predictors of response, in a multicentric cohort of patients affected by PsA. METHODS: One hundred and twenty-six patients with PsA treated with UPA were enrolled in 10 Italian centres. UPA effectiveness outcomes, such as the proportion of patients with MDA status, DAPSA remission, and low disease activity, ASDAS-CRP inactive and low disease activity, and change from baseline in DAPSA and ASDAS-CRP scores, were evaluated every 12 weeks until week 24. The proportion of DAPSA minor, moderate, and major improvement, and ASDAS clinically important improvement (CII) and major improvement (MI) were considered as well. All treatment-related adverse events were collected during the observation period. Clinical predictors of MDA response at week 24 were evaluated through multivariate analysis. RESULTS: At baseline, 124/126 (98%) and 54/126 (43%) patients showed peripheral and axial involvement, respectively; 110 (87%) patients were intolerant or resistant to biologic DMARDs.  At 24 weeks, MDA status, DAPSA remission, and ASDAS-CRP inactive disease were achieved in 47%, 23%, and 48% of patients, respectively. Minor, moderate, and major DAPSA improvement was observed in 67%, 39%, and 23%, respectively; while 65% and 35% achieved ASDAS-CRP CII and MI, respectively. The mean change from baseline was 15.9 ± 13.5 (p < 0.001) for DAPSA and 1.21 ± 0.97 (p < 0.001) for ASDAS-CRP. Thirteen patients (10%) discontinued UPA due to a lack of efficacy or non-serious adverse events. No serious adverse events were observed. Male gender (OR 2.54, 95% CI 1.03-6.25 p = 0.043), being naïve to biological DMARDs (OR 4.13, 95% CI 1.34-12.71, p = 0.013) and elevated baseline CRP (OR 2.49, 95% CI 1.02-6.12, p = 0.046) were associated with MDA response at week 24. CONCLUSIONS: This is one of the first real-life studies supporting the effectiveness of UPA and its safety profile in PsA patients. Furthermore, the study identifies predictors of MDA response to UPA treatment at 6 months.


Assuntos
Antirreumáticos , Artrite Psoriásica , Humanos , Masculino , Artrite Psoriásica/tratamento farmacológico , Resultado do Tratamento , Dados Preliminares , Antirreumáticos/uso terapêutico , Índice de Gravidade de Doença
16.
J Infect Dev Ctries ; 17(9): 1310-1316, 2023 09 30.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37824357

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Nosocomial infections or healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs) represent a public health problem. The burden of antibiotic resistance in these infections is still unclear in Morocco. The objective of this study was to describe antibiotic susceptibility of the main bacteria responsible for nosocomial infections in order to propose prevention measures. METHODOLOGY: Data were collected from 1519 laboratory records including hospital inpatients suspected of nosocomial infections in Mohamed V Hospital of Al-Hoceima between January 2016 and December 2020. The data were analyzed using SPSS software version 25. RESULTS: Bacteriological test samples included 65.5% of urine, 27.2% of pleural fluid, 4.5% of pus, and 2.8% of protected distal swab. Two hundred and twenty-seven (15%) samples were culture-positive. The bacteria isolated were mainly enterobacteria (Escherichia coli, 43.6% and Klebsiella pneumoniae, 13%), non-fermentative Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 10.8%), and Staphylococcus aureus (24.3%). Extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs)-producing Enterobacteriaceae represented 25.4% and those resistant to other families of antibiotics accounted for 12.5%. In our study, we reported 17% ESBL producers among urinary infections. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus accounted for 22.2%. Pseudomonas aeruginosa that were resistant to ticarcillin, ceftazidime, and imipenem represented 29% of the cases. CONCLUSIONS: Our results showed a higher frequency of resistance. A microbiological surveillance system is highly needed to identify bacterial niches in the hospital environment at Mohamed V Hospital.


Assuntos
Infecção Hospitalar , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina , Humanos , Infecção Hospitalar/microbiologia , Marrocos/epidemiologia , Dados Preliminares , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Resistência Microbiana a Medicamentos , Enterobacteriaceae , Bactérias , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Escherichia coli , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Hospitais , beta-Lactamases , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana
17.
Int J Eat Disord ; 56(12): 2343-2348, 2023 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37746867

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Gastrointestinal symptoms, particularly postprandial fullness, are frequently reported in eating disorders. Limited data exist evaluating how these symptoms change in response to outpatient psychological treatment. The current study sought to describe the course of postprandial fullness and early satiation across psychological treatment for adults with bulimia nervosa and related other specified feeding or eating disorders and to test if anxiety moderates treatment response. METHODS: Secondary data analysis was conducted on questionnaire data provided by 30 individuals (80% white, M(SD)age = 31.43(13.44) years; 90% female) throughout treatment and six-month follow-up in a pilot trial comparing mindfulness and acceptance-based treatment with cognitive-behavioral therapy for bulimia nervosa. Participants completed items from the Rome IV Diagnostic Questionnaire for Adult Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders and the State Trait Anxiety Inventory. RESULTS: Postprandial fullness and early satiation both significantly decreased over time (ds = 1.23-1.54; p's < .001). Baseline trait anxiety moderated this outcome, such that greater decreases were observed for those with higher baseline anxiety (p = .02). DISCUSSION: Results extend prior work in inpatient samples by providing preliminary data that postprandial fullness and early satiation decrease with outpatient psychological treatment for bulimia nervosa. Baseline anxiety moderated this effect for postprandial fullness. Future work should replicate findings in a larger sample and test anxiety as a mechanism underlying postprandial fullness in eating disorders. PUBLIC SIGNIFICANCE: The current study found that common gastrointestinal symptoms (postprandial fullness and early satiation) decrease over the course of outpatient psychotherapy for adults with full and subthreshold bulimia nervosa. Postprandial fullness decreased more across time for those high in anxiety.


Assuntos
Anorexia Nervosa , Bulimia Nervosa , Transtornos da Alimentação e da Ingestão de Alimentos , Adulto , Humanos , Feminino , Masculino , Bulimia Nervosa/psicologia , Dados Preliminares , Ansiedade/terapia , Saciação/fisiologia
19.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37708156

RESUMO

Charcot neuroarthropathy is a devastating condition that places patients at risk for poor outcomes. Although the condition was first described in 1703, knowledge of the causative agent(s) has yet to be fully understood. Recent advances in genetic research have helped to identify potential mechanisms and pathways for the enigmatic destruction and deformities that are often associated with the condition; however, alternative pathways have been proposed. For the purpose of this discussion, we will discuss the human leukocyte antigen, which is one of the most researched contributors to autoimmune pathology and, more recently, has been linked to diabetic complications.


Assuntos
Artropatia Neurogênica , Pé Diabético , Neuropatias Diabéticas , Humanos , Dados Preliminares , Artropatia Neurogênica/genética , Pé Diabético/complicações , Neuropatias Diabéticas/complicações
20.
Conscious Cogn ; 115: 103567, 2023 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37708622

RESUMO

Aphantasia is a neurocognitive phenomenon affecting voluntary visual imagery, such that it is either entirely absent, or markedly impaired. Using both the social and medical models of disability, this article discusses the extent to which aphantasia can be understood as a disorder or just a form of neutral neurodivergence, given that imagery plays a central role in thinking and memory for most other people. Preliminary school performance data are presented, showing that low imagery does not necessarily complicate life, especially given compensatory strategies and low societal barriers. In addition, we discuss the consequences of labelling aphantasia a disorder with regard to self- and public stigma, and we provide further data regarding a confidence gap, by which aphantasics perceive themselves as performing worse than they objectively do. We conclude that aphantasia should be understood as neutral neurodivergence and that labelling it a disorder is not only wrong, but potentially harmful.


Assuntos
Cognição , Imaginação , Humanos , Dados Preliminares , Imagens, Psicoterapia , Memória
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