Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 20 de 23.600
Filtrar
1.
Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci ; 28(4): 1554-1561, 2024 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38436188

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: The general approach to malignant biliary obstruction (MBO) is to provide drainage in all patients with jaundice. However, the procedure is often palliative, and its contribution to survival is debated. This study aimed to investigate prognostic factors in patients undergoing percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) for MBO. PATIENTS AND METHODS: All laboratory values were divided into two groups based on median values: low and high. Chi-square analysis was performed for dichotomous data. The time from the PTBD procedure to the date of death or last follow-up was considered overall survival (OS). Univariate and multivariate analyses were calculated using the Cox regression model. RESULTS: A total of 152 patients were included in the study, of whom 84 (55.3%) were male. The median OS was 71 ± 12.6 days (95% CI: 46.3-95.7). The 1, 3, 6, and 12-month OS rates were 74.3%, 45.2%, 29.2%, and 13%, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, comorbidity (p=0.029), Eastern cooperative oncology group performance status (ECOG PS) (p=0.007), pre-PTBD albumin (p=0.025), post-PTBD aspartate aminotransferase (p=0.025), chemo naive (p<0.001), and post-PTBD chemotherapy (CT) (p=0.01) were found to be independent prognostic factors. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with poor prognosis MBO, the decision for PTBD should be made multidisciplinarily, taking into consideration ECOG PS, comorbidities, albumin levels, and prior CT status.


Assuntos
Albuminas , Colestase , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Aspartato Aminotransferases , Drenagem , Laboratórios , Colestase/etiologia , Colestase/cirurgia
2.
J Vis Exp ; (204)2024 Feb 16.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38436362

RESUMO

Transient absorption (TA) spectroscopy is a powerful time-resolved spectroscopic method used to track the evolution of excited-state processes through changes in the system's absorption spectrum. Early implementations of TA were confined to specialized laboratories, but the evolution of commercial turn-key systems has made the technique increasingly available to research groups across the world. Modern TA systems are capable of producing large datasets with high energetic and temporal resolution that are rich in photophysical information. However, processing, fitting, and interpreting TA spectra can be challenging due to the large number of excited-state features and instrumental artifacts. Many factors must be carefully considered when collecting, processing, and fitting TA data in order to reduce uncertainty over which model or set of fitting parameters best describes the data. The goal of data preparation and fitting is to reduce as many of these extraneous factors while preserving the data for analysis. In this method, beginners are provided with a protocol for processing and preparing TA data as well as a brief introduction to selected fitting procedures and models, specifically single wavelength fitting and global lifetime analysis. Commentary on a number of commonly encountered data preparation challenges and methods of addressing them is provided, followed by a discussion of the challenges and limitations of these simple fitting methods.


Assuntos
Artefatos , Laboratórios , Incerteza
3.
J Vis Exp ; (204)2024 Feb 16.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38436378

RESUMO

Microphysiological systems are miniaturized cell culture platforms used to mimic the structure and function of human tissues in a laboratory setting. However, these platforms have not gained widespread adoption in bioscience laboratories where open-well, membrane-based approaches serve as the gold standard for mimicking tissue barriers, despite lacking fluid flow capabilities. This issue can be primarily attributed to the incompatibility of existing microphysiological systems with standard protocols and tools developed for open-well systems. Here, we present a protocol for creating a reconfigurable membrane-based platform with an open-well structure, flow enhancement capability, and compatibility with conventional protocols. This system utilizes a magnetic assembly approach that enables reversible switching between open-well and microfluidic modes. With this approach, users have the flexibility to begin an experiment in the open-well format using standard protocols and add or remove flow capabilities as needed. To demonstrate the practical usage of this system and its compatibility with standard techniques, an endothelial cell monolayer was established in an open-well format. The system was reconfigured to introduce fluid flow and then switched to the open-well format to conduct immunostaining and RNA extraction. Due to its compatibility with conventional open-well protocols and flow enhancement capability, this reconfigurable design is expected to be adopted by both engineering and bioscience laboratories.


Assuntos
Técnicas de Cultura de Células , Sistemas Microfisiológicos , Humanos , Células Endoteliais , Laboratórios , Microfluídica
4.
WMJ ; 123(1): 48-50, 2024 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38436640

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Advanced liver disease can present with severe thrombocytopenia that can be difficult to delineate and manage. Here we describe a unique entity of accelerated intravascular coagulation and fibrinolysis (AICF) in a patient with decompensated liver disease. CASE PRESENTATION: A 56-year-old male with a history of alcoholic cirrhosis was admitted for weakness, nausea, metabolic derangement, and acute kidney injury determined to be secondary to decompensated liver disease. During admission, his platelet count declined to <10 000/µL requiring 8 total platelet transfusions. Laboratory and clinical evaluation supported a diagnosis of AICF, and the patient gradually improved with supportive management. DISCUSSION: AICF can present similarly to disseminated intravascular coagulation, and careful evaluation of specific laboratory values is required for accurate diagnosis. Appropriate management minimizes the associated increased risk of bleeding and prevents delay in procedural intervention. CONCLUSIONS: This case highlights the importance of early clinical and laboratory correlation, multidisciplinary care, and supportive treatment in the management of AICF.


Assuntos
Hepatopatias , Trombocitopenia , Masculino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fibrinólise , Hospitalização , Laboratórios , Trombocitopenia/terapia
5.
Arch Microbiol ; 206(4): 135, 2024 Mar 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38436806

RESUMO

Adenovirus pneumonia is a prevalent form of community-acquired pneumonia among children. Research on the epidemiology and economic burden of this disease is crucial for public health, yet comprehensive data remains scarce, making it crucial to highlight on this topic. In this study, the data were extracted from the face sheet of discharge medical records collected from 26 tertiary children's hospitals from January 2016 to December 2021. In total, 1854 children with laboratory-confirmed adenovirus pneumonia were hospitalized, accounting for 0.13% of the total number of hospitalized for pneumonia in the database during the period. In addition, this figure represents a meager 0.027% when compared to the total number of hospitalized children. The male-to-female ratio was 1.78:1. The 1-3-year age group had the highest number of inpatients for adenoviral pneumonia and the largest proportion of the total hospitalizations in the same age group. Overall, winter is the primary season for the prevalence of adenovirus pneumonia, however, in southern China, there are two peak seasons, winter and summer. Although patients with 3/4 adenovirus pneumonia had no significant complications, some patients had complications such as respiratory failure, diarrhea, and myocardial damage. The median length of stay of adenovirus pneumonia was 8 d [interquartile range (IQR) 6-11], and the median hospitalization cost was 1293.83 United States dollars (IQR 811.81-2472.51). These valuable epidemiological insights into adenovirus pneumonia in Chinese children can help direct the development of targeted prevention and control strategies and surveillance measures for HAdV infections in this demographic.


Assuntos
Criança Hospitalizada , Diarreia , Criança , Humanos , Feminino , Masculino , China/epidemiologia , Laboratórios , Adenoviridae
6.
Clin Lab ; 70(3)2024 Mar 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38469778

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Yokenella regensburgei is a gram-negative, opportunistic pathogen that is ubiquitous in natural environments. It commonly affects immunocompromised patients. METHODS: The patient was a 71-year-old female with skin and soft tissue wound caused by trauma. The surgical debridement and abscess drainage were performed by surgeons. The specie of infected organism was identified by the D2Mini semi-automated system and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF). RESULTS: The result of bacterium culture showed gram-negative bacillus was moist, grey-white, semitransparent, and regular shape. Then the D2Mini semi-automated system and MALDI-TOF revealed that the colonies are Y. regensburgei. According to the result for drug sensitivity, antibiotic therapy was switched to cefoperazone/sulbac-tam and levofloxacin. CONCLUSIONS: Cooperation between clinical microbiology laboratories and surgeons is essential for the infected patient without typical symptoms. Agricultural activities and stab wounds may be related to Y. regensburgei infection.


Assuntos
Infecções por Enterobacteriaceae , Enterobacteriaceae , Feminino , Humanos , Idoso , Infecções por Enterobacteriaceae/microbiologia , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Laboratórios , Espectrometria de Massas por Ionização e Dessorção a Laser Assistida por Matriz
7.
Zootaxa ; 5406(1): 123-140, 2024 Feb 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38480161

RESUMO

Species of the Neotropical genus Ilyobius Enderlein, 1910 (Megaloptera: Sialidae) are rare and poorly known because adults are infrequently collected in the field and the larvae have restricted habitat in the stream, facts that make obtaining specimens difficult to access for study. Herein we redescribe the female, describe the male and the larva of Ilyobius nubilus (Navs, 1933) based on specimens collected on the coast of So Paulo State. Adults were obtained mainly by rearing larvae in laboratory condition until adult emergence. The holotype for Ilyobius brasiliensis (Navs, 1936) was examined, and we contand that it is a valid species. Therefore, we do not corroborate its synonymy with I. nubilus. Ilyobius nubilus is a member of the I. chilensis group, and the male genitalia structure, described in this work, also supports its inclusion in this species group.


Assuntos
Holometábolos , Feminino , Masculino , Animais , Brasil , Larva , Ecossistema , Laboratórios
8.
Br J Biomed Sci ; 81: 12339, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38481978

RESUMO

Reference intervals (RIs) are a range of values that are supplied alongside laboratory measurements for comparison to allow interpretation of this data. Historically, RIs were referred to as the normal range. However, the perception of what is normal can lead to confusion in clinicians and unnecessary emotional distress in patients. RIs can be acquired using several methods. Laboratories may quote published studies or derive their own using established direct or indirect methods. Alternatively, laboratories may verify RIs provided by assay manufacturers using in-house studies. RIs have several limitations that clinicians should be aware of. The statistical methodology associated with establishment of RIs means that approximately 5% of "disease free" individuals will fall outside the RI. Additionally, the higher the number of tests requested, the higher the probability that one will be abnormal, and repeat results in an individual may show regression to the mean. Completion of studies for establishment of RIs can be expensive, difficult, and time consuming. Method bias and differences in populations can greatly influence RIs and prevent them from being transferable between some laboratories. Differences in individual characteristics such as age, ethnicity, and sex can result in large variation in some analytes. Some patients, such as those whose gender differs from that which was presumed for them at birth, may require their own RIs. Alternatively, a decision will need to be made about which to use. Overall, the issue common to these factors lies within interpretation. As such, RIs can be improved with better training in their use, combined with a better understanding of influences that affect them, and more transparent communication from laboratories in how RIs were derived.


Assuntos
Química Clínica , Laboratórios , Recém-Nascido , Humanos , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Valores de Referência
9.
BMC Med Res Methodol ; 24(1): 63, 2024 Mar 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38468224

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Laboratory data can provide great value to support research aimed at reducing the incidence, prolonging survival and enhancing outcomes of cancer. Data is characterized by the information it carries and the format it holds. Data captured in Alberta's biomarker laboratory repository is free text, cluttered and rouge. Such data format limits its utility and prohibits broader adoption and research development. Text analysis for information extraction of unstructured data can change this and lead to more complete analyses. Previous work on extracting relevant information from free text, unstructured data employed Natural Language Processing (NLP), Machine Learning (ML), rule-based Information Extraction (IE) methods, or a hybrid combination between them. METHODS: In our study, text analysis was performed on Alberta Precision Laboratories data which consisted of 95,854 entries from the Southern Alberta Dataset (SAD) and 6944 entries from the Northern Alberta Dataset (NAD). The data covers all of Alberta and is completely population-based. Our proposed framework is built around rule-based IE methods. It incorporates topics such as Syntax and Lexical analyses to achieve deterministic extraction of data from biomarker laboratory data (i.e., Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) test results). Lexical analysis compromises of data cleaning and pre-processing, Rich Text Format text conversion into readable plain text format, and normalization and tokenization of text. The framework then passes the text into the Syntax analysis stage which includes the rule-based method of extracting relevant data. Rule-based patterns of the test result are identified, and a Context Free Grammar then generates the rules of information extraction. Finally, the results are linked with the Alberta Cancer Registry to support real-world cancer research studies. RESULTS: Of the original 5512 entries in the SAD dataset and 5017 entries in the NAD dataset which were filtered for EGFR, the framework yielded 5129 and 3388 extracted EGFR test results from the SAD and NAD datasets, respectively. An accuracy of 97.5% was achieved on a random sample of 362 tests. CONCLUSIONS: We presented a text analysis framework to extract specific information from unstructured clinical data. Our proposed framework has shown that it can successfully extract relevant information from EGFR test results.


Assuntos
Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas , Neoplasias Pulmonares , Humanos , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/diagnóstico , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/genética , Laboratórios , NAD , Neoplasias Pulmonares/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Pulmonares/genética , Mutação , Processamento de Linguagem Natural , Receptores ErbB , Biomarcadores , Registros Eletrônicos de Saúde
10.
J Vis Exp ; (204)2024 Feb 23.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38465920

RESUMO

Online laboratories play an important role in engineering education. This work discusses a WebVR-based virtual laboratory system. The user enters the simulated laboratory environment through a virtual reality (VR) device and interacts with the experimental equipment, similar to hands-on experiments in a physical laboratory. In addition, the proposed system allows users to design their own control algorithms and observe the effects of different control parameters to enhance their understanding of the experiment. To illustrate the features of the proposed virtual laboratory, an example is provided in this paper, which is an experiment on a double inverted pendulum system. The experimental results show that the proposed system allows users to conduct experiments in an immersive and interactive manner and provides users with a complete experimental process from principal design to experimental operation. A solution is also provided to change any virtual laboratory into a WebVR-based virtual laboratory for education and training.


Assuntos
Laboratórios , Realidade Virtual , Interface Usuário-Computador , Algoritmos , Mãos
11.
BMC Med Inform Decis Mak ; 24(1): 62, 2024 Mar 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38438861

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Variation in laboratory healthcare data due to seasonal changes is a widely accepted phenomenon. Seasonal variation is generally not systematically accounted for in healthcare settings. This study applies a newly developed adjustment method for seasonal variation to analyze the effect seasonality has on machine learning model classification of diagnoses. METHODS: Machine learning methods were trained and tested on ~ 22 million unique records from ~ 575,000 unique patients admitted to Danish hospitals. Four machine learning models (adaBoost, decision tree, neural net, and random forest) classifying 35 diseases of the circulatory system (ICD-10 diagnosis codes, chapter IX) were run before and after seasonal adjustment of 23 laboratory reference intervals (RIs). The effect of the adjustment was benchmarked via its contribution to machine learning models trained using hyperparameter optimization and assessed quantitatively using performance metrics (AUROC and AUPRC). RESULTS: Seasonally adjusted RIs significantly improved cardiovascular disease classification in 24 of the 35 tested cases when using neural net models. Features with the highest average feature importance (via SHAP explainability) across all disease models were sex, C- reactive protein, and estimated glomerular filtration. Classification of diseases of the vessels, such as thrombotic diseases and other atherosclerotic diseases consistently improved after seasonal adjustment. CONCLUSIONS: As data volumes increase and data-driven methods are becoming more advanced, it is essential to improve data quality at the pre-processing level. This study presents a method that makes it feasible to introduce seasonally adjusted RIs into the clinical research space in any disease domain. Seasonally adjusted RIs generally improve diagnoses classification and thus, ought to be considered and adjusted for in clinical decision support methods.


Assuntos
Doenças Cardiovasculares , Humanos , Doenças Cardiovasculares/diagnóstico , Laboratórios , Instalações de Saúde , Confiabilidade dos Dados , Aprendizado de Máquina
12.
BMC Res Notes ; 17(1): 62, 2024 Mar 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38433186

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Data from DNA genotyping via a 96-SNP panel in a study of 25,015 clinical samples were utilized for quality control and tracking of sample identity in a clinical sequencing network. The study aimed to demonstrate the value of both the precise SNP tracking and the utility of the panel for predicting the sex-by-genotype of the participants, to identify possible sample mix-ups. RESULTS: Precise SNP tracking showed no sample swap errors within the clinical testing laboratories. In contrast, when comparing predicted sex-by-genotype to the provided sex on the test requisition, we identified 110 inconsistencies from 25,015 clinical samples (0.44%), that had occurred during sample collection or accessioning. The genetic sex predictions were confirmed using additional SNP sites in the sequencing data or high-density genotyping arrays. It was determined that discrepancies resulted from clerical errors (49.09%), samples from transgender participants (3.64%) and stem cell or bone marrow transplant patients (7.27%) along with undetermined sample mix-ups (40%) for which sample swaps occurred prior to arrival at genome centers, however the exact cause of the events at the sampling sites resulting in the mix-ups were not able to be determined.


Assuntos
Serviços de Laboratório Clínico , Sequenciamento de Nucleotídeos em Larga Escala , Humanos , Transplante de Medula Óssea , Genótipo , Laboratórios
13.
JMIR Public Health Surveill ; 10: e50407, 2024 Mar 20.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38506899

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The Ministry of Health in Côte d'Ivoire and the International Training and Education Center for Health at the University of Washington, funded by the United States President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief, have been collaborating to develop and implement the Open-Source Enterprise-Level Laboratory Information System (OpenELIS). The system is designed to improve HIV-related laboratory data management and strengthen quality management and capacity at clinical laboratories across the nation. OBJECTIVE: This evaluation aimed to quantify the effects of implementing OpenELIS on data quality for laboratory tests related to HIV care and treatment. METHODS: This evaluation used a quasi-experimental design to perform an interrupted time-series analysis to estimate the changes in the level and slope of 3 data quality indicators (timeliness, completeness, and validity) after OpenELIS implementation. We collected paper and electronic records on clusters of differentiation 4 (CD4) testing for 48 weeks before OpenELIS adoption until 72 weeks after. Data collection took place at 21 laboratories in 13 health regions that started using OpenELIS between 2014 and 2020. We analyzed the data at the laboratory level. We estimated odds ratios (ORs) by comparing the observed outcomes with modeled counterfactual ones when the laboratories did not adopt OpenELIS. RESULTS: There was an immediate 5-fold increase in timeliness (OR 5.27, 95% CI 4.33-6.41; P<.001) and an immediate 3.6-fold increase in completeness (OR 3.59, 95% CI 2.40-5.37; P<.001). These immediate improvements were observed starting after OpenELIS installation and then maintained until 72 weeks after OpenELIS adoption. The weekly improvement in the postimplementation trend of completeness was significant (OR 1.03, 95% CI 1.02-1.05; P<.001). The improvement in validity was not statistically significant (OR 1.34, 95% CI 0.69-2.60; P=.38), but validity did not fall below pre-OpenELIS levels. CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate the value of electronic laboratory information systems in improving laboratory data quality and supporting evidence-based decision-making in health care. These findings highlight the importance of OpenELIS in Côte d'Ivoire and the potential for adoption in other low- and middle-income countries with similar health systems.


Assuntos
Sistemas de Informação em Laboratório Clínico , Infecções por HIV , Humanos , Laboratórios Clínicos , Laboratórios , Côte d'Ivoire , Eletrônica
14.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A ; 121(11): e2309576121, 2024 Mar 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38437559

RESUMO

An abundance of laboratory-based experiments has described a vigilance decrement of reducing accuracy to detect targets with time on task, but there are few real-world studies, none of which have previously controlled the environment to control for bias. We describe accuracy in clinical practice for 360 experts who examined >1 million women's mammograms for signs of cancer, whilst controlling for potential biases. The vigilance decrement pattern was not observed. Instead, test accuracy improved over time, through a reduction in false alarms and an increase in speed, with no significant change in sensitivity. The multiple-decision model explains why experts miss targets in low prevalence settings through a change in decision threshold and search quit threshold and propose it should be adapted to explain these observed patterns of accuracy with time on task. What is typically thought of as standard and robust research findings in controlled laboratory settings may not directly apply to real-world environments and instead large, controlled studies in relevant environments are needed.


Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama , Feminino , Humanos , Neoplasias da Mama/diagnóstico por imagem , Mamografia , Fadiga , Laboratórios , Projetos de Pesquisa
15.
Tumour Biol ; 46(s1): S9-S14, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38517828

RESUMO

 Clinical laboratories are responsible for performing lung cancer tumor marker testing as part of routine clinical care. It is their responsibility to guarantee that the reported tumor marker results are reliable and meet the necessary quality standards for proper clinical use. During the different laboratory phases, pre-analytical, analytical and post-analytical, specific steps and processes can introduce errors and generate incorrect clinical interpretation. This editorial briefly outlines critical laboratory issues related to lung cancer tumor markers, specific for each of these three laboratory phases.


Assuntos
Laboratórios Clínicos , Neoplasias Pulmonares , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/diagnóstico , Laboratórios , Biomarcadores Tumorais
16.
J Infect Public Health ; 17(4): 681-686, 2024 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38471258

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Little is known about how the COVID-19 pandemic altered laboratory testing efficiency in the State of Qatar. The aim of this study was to assess laboratory testing efficiency with respect to the total number and proportion of C-reactive protein (CRP), complete blood count (CBC), and comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP) tests completed on time in 2019-2021 in several ordinary and COVID-converted Primary Health Care Corporation (PHCC) health centers across Qatar. METHODS: Secondary data from 2019 to 2021 were accessed from the PHCC-Clinical Information System center. Six randomly selected centers from three regions of Qatar (Northern, Central, and Western), two of which were COVID-converted, were analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 404,316 laboratory tests were analyzed. There were decreasing, U-shaped, and inverted-U-shaped patterns in the numbers of tests conducted in different regions between 2019 and 2021 according to test type. The proportion of urgent (STAT) CBC and CMP tests increased from 2019 to 2021, and the proportion of tests completed by COVID-converted health centers increased for CRP and CBC and decreased for CMP between 2019 and 2021. Northern and Western regions in Qatar showed higher efficiency than the Central region with respect to the proportion of STAT tests completed on time in 2019-2021. COVID-converted centers completed fewer STAT CBC tests on time than ordinary centers. CONCLUSION: Pandemics such as COVID-19 shift the allocation of resources from routine tests to urgent tests, as exemplified by the increase in STAT test proportions in 2019 to 2021. High population densities, as noted in the Central region of Qatar, may require additional resources during pandemics to complete urgent tests more efficiently. The conversion of centers to COVID-converted centers may not necessarily translate into higher urgent test efficiency, as exemplified by the STAT CBC test results.


Assuntos
COVID-19 , Humanos , COVID-19/diagnóstico , COVID-19/epidemiologia , Pandemias , Catar/epidemiologia , Laboratórios , Proteína C-Reativa , Atenção Primária à Saúde , Teste para COVID-19
17.
PLoS One ; 19(3): e0300497, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38512834

RESUMO

Disinformation-false information intended to cause harm or for profit-is pervasive. While disinformation exists in several domains, one area with great potential for personal harm from disinformation is healthcare. The amount of disinformation about health issues on social media has grown dramatically over the past several years, particularly in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The study described in this paper sought to determine the characteristics of multimedia social network posts that lead them to believe and potentially act on healthcare disinformation. The study was conducted in a neuroscience laboratory in early 2022. Twenty-six study participants each viewed a series of 20 either honest or dishonest social media posts, dealing with various aspects of healthcare. They were asked to determine if the posts were true or false and then to provide the reasoning behind their choices. Participant gaze was captured through eye tracking technology and investigated through "area of interest" analysis. This approach has the potential to discover the elements of disinformation that help convince the viewer a given post is true. Participants detected the true nature of the posts they were exposed to 69% of the time. Overall, the source of the post, whether its claims seemed reasonable, and the look and feel of the post were the most important reasons they cited for determining whether it was true or false. Based on the eye tracking data collected, the factors most associated with successfully detecting disinformation were the total number of fixations on key words and the total number of revisits to source information. The findings suggest the outlines of generalizations about why people believe online disinformation, suggesting a basis for the development of mid-range theory.


Assuntos
COVID-19 , Mídias Sociais , Humanos , Desinformação , Pandemias , Instalações de Saúde , Laboratórios , COVID-19/epidemiologia
18.
Ann Clin Lab Sci ; 54(1): 131-132, 2024 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38514056

Assuntos
Laboratórios , Humanos
19.
Methods ; 224: 79-92, 2024 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38430967

RESUMO

The identification of drug-target interactions (DTI) is a valuable step in the drug discovery and repositioning process. However, traditional laboratory experiments are time-consuming and expensive. Computational methods have streamlined research to determine DTIs. The application of deep learning methods has significantly improved the prediction performance for DTIs. Modern deep learning methods can leverage multiple sources of information, including sequence data that contains biological structural information, and interaction data. While useful, these methods cannot be effectively applied to each type of information individually (e.g., chemical structure and interaction network) and do not take into account the specificity of DTI data such as low- or zero-interaction biological entities. To overcome these limitations, we propose a method called MFA-DTI (Multi-feature Fusion Adopted framework for DTI). MFA-DTI consists of three modules: an interaction graph learning module that processes the interaction network to generate interaction vectors, a chemical structure learning module that extracts features from the chemical structure, and a fusion module that combines these features for the final prediction. To validate the performance of MFA-DTI, we conducted experiments on six public datasets under different settings. The results indicate that the proposed method is highly effective in various settings and outperforms state-of-the-art methods.


Assuntos
Descoberta de Drogas , Laboratórios , Interações Medicamentosas
20.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol ; 14: 1292467, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38510962

RESUMO

Introduction: Pathogen leak from a high-containment laboratory seriously threatens human safety, animal welfare, and environmental security. Transportation of pathogens from a higher (BSL4 or BSL3) to a lower (BSL2) containment laboratory for downstream experimentation requires complete pathogen inactivation. Validation of pathogen inactivation is necessary to ensure safety during transportation. This study established a validation strategy for virus inactivation. Methods: SARS-CoV-2 wild type, delta, and omicron variants underwent heat treatment at 95°C for 10 minutes using either a hot water bath or a thermocycler. To validate the inactivation process, heat-treated viruses, and untreated control samples were incubated with A549-hACE2 and Vero E6-TMPRSS2-T2A-ACE2 cells. The cells were monitored for up to 72 hours for any cytopathic effects, visually and under a microscope, and for virus genome replication via RT-qPCR. The quality of post-treated samples was assessed for suitability in downstream molecular testing applications. Results: Heat treatment at 95°C for 10 minutes effectively inactivated SARS-CoV-2 variants. The absence of cytopathic effects, coupled with the inability of virus genome replication, validated the efficacy of the inactivation process. Furthermore, the heat-treated samples proved to be qualified for COVID-19 antigen testing, RT-qPCR, and whole-genome sequencing. Discussion: By ensuring the safety of sample transportation for downstream experimentation, this validation approach enhances biosecurity measures. Considerations for potential limitations, comparisons with existing inactivation methods, and broader implications of the findings are discussed.


Assuntos
COVID-19 , SARS-CoV-2 , Animais , Humanos , SARS-CoV-2/genética , Laboratórios , Teste para COVID-19
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA
...