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1.
J Wildl Dis ; 34(1): 73-80, Jan. 1998.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-1645

RESUMO

Fecal and cloacal swabs or feces of wild mammalian, avian and reptilian species, either farmed or free-ranging, and of racing pigeons (Columba livia) kept in lofts were cultured for Salmonella spp., Campylobacter spp., and Yersinia spp. Of 291 free-ranging mammals tested 6 (2 percent) and 1 (< 1 percent) and 1 (< 1 percent) yielded positive culture of Salmonella spp. and Campylobacter spp., respectively. Salmonella newport was the predominant serotype isolated and the opossum (Didelphis marsupialis insularis) had the significantly highest prevalence (29 percent) of Salmonella spp. infection compared to other species such as deer (Mazama americana trinitatis), lappe (Agouti paca), tattoo (Dasypus novemcinctus), agouti (Dasyprocta leporina), and wild hog (Tayassu tajacu). Among 14 species of farmed wildlife studied, 13 (7 percent) and 10 (5 percent) of 184 fecal or cloacal samples tested were positive for Salmonella spp. and Campylobacter spp., respectively. Salmonella javians accounted for 50 percent of the Salmonella spp. isolates and C. jejuni represented 90 percent of the Campylobacter spp. cultured. Only 1 (1 percent) of 124 cloacal swabs of free-flying avian species yielded Salmonella spp. compared to 21 (17 percent) samples positive for Campylobacter spp. Of 171 racing pigeons which originated from 8 fanciers, 8 (5 percent) yielded Salmonella spp. all of which were serotype typhimurium while only 1 (1 percent) were positive for Campylobacter spp. Seven (88 percent) of 8 Salmonella spp. isolates were recovered from one fancier. Yersina spp. was not cultured from any of the above samples. Although the prevalences of Salmonella spp. and Campylobacter spp. in wildlife in Trinidad are low, the practice of wildlife farming and the increased consumption of meat from wildlife may increase the health risk to human consumers(AU)


Assuntos
21003 , Animais Selvagens , Doenças das Aves/epidemiologia , Columbidae , Salmonelose Animal/epidemiologia , Yersiniose/veterinária , Animais Domésticos , Tatus , Doenças das Aves/microbiologia , Aves , Campylobacter/classificação , Campylobacter/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Campylobacter/epidemiologia , Infecções por Campylobacter/microbiologia , Cervos , Fezes/microbiologia , Gambás , Prevalência , Roedores , Salmonella/classificação , Salmonella/isolamento & purificação , Salmonelose Animal/microbiologia , Suínos , Trinidad e Tobago/epidemiologia , Yersiniose/microbiologia
2.
Kingston; Oct. 1993. vi,81 p. tab.
Tese em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-8266

RESUMO

Health problems associated with rodent infestation, and in particular rats and mice have been reasonably well documented. The problems is widespread and affects urban as well as rural population, producing basically similar results in any location. This study examines the problem in Silent Hill, a rural community in the parish of Manchester in Jamaica; and was undertaken as the result of a preliminary survey which indicated that rodent infestation constituted the priority health problem in the community. Methods of information gathering included the use of structural questionnaire, physical inspection of premises, serological assays of blood sampling taken from rodents captured in the study area and from determinations of rodent population. Findings indicated widespread infestation throughout the community and the need for adopting appropriate control measures accordingly. Recommendations include a community based programme for sustained control of the rodent population in the community.(AU)


Assuntos
21003 , Roedores , Ratos , Controle de Roedores , Controle de Roedores , Inquéritos Epidemiológicos , Meio Ambiente e Saúde Pública , Higiene dos Alimentos , Jamaica
3.
Am J Trop Med Hyg ; 29(4): 667-75, July 1980.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-12608

RESUMO

Arbovirus investigation in Jamaica was undertaken between 1960 and 1975. Serological studies showed that antibodies to dengue type virus and St. Louis encephalitis virus (SLE) were prevalent throughout the island for several years. In urban communities, the incidence of dengue antibody was higher than for SLE; however, in children under 10 years of age antibody to both viruses was rarely present. In rural areas, SLE was prevalent in adults and children. This virus was isolated from Culex nigripalpus (mosquitoes) and from a nestling Mockingbird, Mimus polyglottos, in the same rural area, during two epidemic periods, 1963 and 1968. No other group B arbovirus was encountered on the island. Group A arbovirus was virtually absent prior to the eastern equine encephalomyelitis outbreak of 1962. That virus was isolated from brain tissue of humans and equines. Two strains of Cache valley virus from mosquitoes, Anopheles grabhami, one strain from Aedes taeniorhynchus, and a strain of Wad Medani virus from a tick, Amblyomma cajenense, were also isolated (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Criança , Adolescente , Camundongos , 21003 , Infecções por Arbovirus/epidemiologia , Infecções por Arbovirus/transmissão , Arbovírus/isolamento & purificação , Vetores Artrópodes , Aves/microbiologia , Cavalos/microbiologia , Jamaica , Roedores/microbiologia , Especificidade da Espécie
4.
J Mammal ; 54(4): 875-86, 14 Dec. 1973. tab
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-2635

RESUMO

This study deals with ecology of two rodents, Proechimys guyannenis trinitatis and Oryzomys capito velutinus, repersenting nearly 70 per cent of the mammals captured in Turure Forest, Trinidad. Maximum population densities of each species were 5.5 and 9.2 animals per acre, respectively; mean values computed for each home range were 0.425 and 1.012 acres, respectively. Marked individuals of Proechimys have been retrapped for 20 months and others were kept in the laboratory for 3.5 years. O. c. velutinus may live up to 28 months in captivity but individuals caught in the wild have not been retrapped for longer than 12 months. Sex ratios, laboratory breeding, mortality due to laboratory processing and transportation, cutaneous parasites, and the haemoparasites of these two small mammals are discussed. (AU)


Assuntos
21003 , Roedores , Carrapatos , Vetores de Doenças , Trinidad e Tobago
5.
J Mammal ; 54(4): 875-85, 1973.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-9401

RESUMO

This study deals with ecology of two rodents, Proechimys guyannenis trinitatis and Oryzomys capito velutinus, repersenting nearly 70 per cent of the mammals captured in Turure Forest, Trinidad. Maximum population densities of each species were 5.5 and 9.2 animals per acre, respectively; mean values computed for each home range were 0.425 and 1.012 acres, respectively. Marked individuals of Proechimys have been retrapped for 20 months and others were kept in the laboratory for 3.5 years. O. c. velutinus may live up to 28 months in captivity but individuals caught in the wild have not been retrapped for longer than 12 months. Sex ratios, laboratory breeding, mortality due to laboratory processing and transportation, cutaneous parasites, and the haemoparasites of these two small mammals are discussed. (AU)


Assuntos
Roedores , Carrapatos , Vetores de Doenças , Trinidad e Tobago
7.
Rev Saude ; 6: 283-5, 1972.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-2633

RESUMO

Recovery of Trypanosoma forattinii from natural infected Oryzomys capito velutinus from Trinidad, is reported. Negative results were obtained with attempts to infect experimentally, several laboratory animals, silvatyc rodents of the same ecological area and several species of triatomid bugs. Positive results were obtained only by using O. capito velutinus born in laboratory. (AU)


Assuntos
21003 , Roedores , Vetores de Doenças , Trypanosoma/isolamento & purificação , Trinidad e Tobago
9.
Am J Trop Med Hyg ; 17(2): 285-98, Mar. 1968.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-12442

RESUMO

Details are given on isolations of seven virus types from material collected in Bush Bush Forest during the study period: 262 of Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE), 71 of Caraparu-like, three of Oriboca, two of Restan, 63 of Bimiti, 56 of Catu, and 87 of Guama. Data from experimental-infection studies are presented, as well as results of serologic studies with hemagglutinating antigens of VEE and Caraparu-like viruses and some 1,200 sera of Bush Bush rodents. It was found that the natural transmission cycles of five of these virus types in Bush Bush are similar and include a period of multiplication and viremia in forest-floor rodents and a period of multiplication in mosquitoes among which Culex (Melanoconion) protesi, at least, is capable of subsequent transmission. Similar cycles are inferred for the remaining two virus types, Oriboca and Restan. In 1964 a severe reduction of the rodent population took place, Culex portesi continued abundant, and only Bimiti of the seven virus types was isolated. It is concluded that an alternate host population of sufficient size was not then available to these viruses in Bush Bush. Very little evidence was found to implicate mosquito species other than C.portesi as essential vectors during epizootic or inter-epizootic periods. (AU)


Assuntos
21003 , Arbovírus/isolamento & purificação , Aedes , Culex , Vetores de Doenças , Vírus da Encefalite/isolamento & purificação , Testes de Inibição da Hemaglutinação , Camundongos , Culicidae , Roedores , Trinidad e Tobago , Vírus/isolamento & purificação
10.
Am J Trop Med Hyg ; 17(2): 269-75, Mar. 1968.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-12445

RESUMO

An introduction has been given to the principal vertebrates of Bush Bush Forest, which include 59 species of mammal (32 of bat), 171 species of bird , 27 species of reptile, 7 species of amphibian, and an undetermined number of fish. Special attention was paid to the population dynamics, longevity, and range of small forest rodents. During the study years the populations of small rodents declined almost to the point of disappearence. (AU)


Assuntos
Ratos , 21003 , Arbovírus , Vertebrados , Anfíbios , Haplorrinos , Aves , Ecologia , Peixes , Longevidade , Gambás , Densidade Demográfica , Répteis , Roedores , Sciuridae , Trinidad e Tobago
11.
Am J Trop Med Hyg ; 17(2): 276-84, Mar. 1968.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-12446

RESUMO

Virus isolates totaling 593 and representing 19 different virus types were recovered from sentinel animals, small mammals, and arthropods during studies carried out in Bush Bush Forest, Trinidad, over a 5-year period. The laboratory techniques used are described, and details are given regarding 49 isolates belonging to 12 virus types: Una, St. Louis encephalitis, Ilheus, Bush-bush, TRVL 57896 (Moriche), Wyeomyia, Cache Valley, Cocal, Oropouche, Aruac, Nariva, and TVRL 39316-1-5 type (Pacui). The remaining 544 isolates were identified as Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus or members of serologic groups C and Guama, and are discussed elsewhere (AU)


Assuntos
21003 , Arbovírus/isolamento & purificação , Cultura de Vírus , Aedes , Anopheles , Reações Antígeno-Anticorpo , Arbovírus/classificação , Quirópteros , Testes de Fixação de Complemento , Culex , Vetores de Doenças , Vírus da Encefalite/isolamento & purificação , Testes de Hemaglutinação , Soros Imunes , Camundongos , Ácaros , Culicidae , Roedores , Trinidad e Tobago , Vírus/isolamento & purificação
13.
Am J Trop Med Hyg ; 16(1): 74-8, Jan. 1967.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-12402

RESUMO

Restan virus is a new serotype of arbovirus group C that has been isolated seven times in Trinidad and Surinam during 1963 and 1964. Three strains were recovered from Culex spp. and four from acutely ill human beings. The new agent is related most closely to Marituba and Murutucu viruses, from which it is distinguishable only in hemagglutination-inhibitation test. It circulates to high titer in laboratory-colonized rodents of the species Zygodontomys b. brevicauda and Oryzomys laticeps velutinus. In the laboratory it has been transmitted by Aedes aegypti. Results of serum surveys are reported. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Camundongos , 21003 , Arbovírus/imunologia , Arbovírus/isolamento & purificação , Reservatórios de Doenças , Animais Recém-Nascidos , Formação de Anticorpos , Infecções por Arbovirus/imunologia , Testes de Fixação de Complemento , Culex , Testes de Inibição da Hemaglutinação , Insetos Vetores , Roedores , Suriname , Trinidad e Tobago
14.
Carib Med J ; 27(1-4): 134-6, 1965.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-9203

RESUMO

Isolation of numerous strains of VEE virus from mosquitoes, sentinel mice and field rodents in Trinidad in 1959, 1960 and 1961 is reported. These constitute the first discoveries of this in Trinidad since the original isolations in 1943. (Summary)


Assuntos
Humanos , Camundongos , 21003 , Vírus da Encefalite Equina Venezuelana/isolamento & purificação , Trinidad e Tobago , Culicidae/microbiologia , Roedores/microbiologia
15.
Am J Trop Med Hyg ; 11(6): 841-3, 1962.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-14840

RESUMO

Isolation of numerous stains of VEE virus from mosquitoes, sentinel mice and field rodents in Trinidad in 1959, 1960 and 1961 is reported. These constitute the first recoveries of this agent in Trinidad since the original isolations in 1943 (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Camundongos , 21003 , Encefalomielite Equina Venezuelana/classificação , Trinidad e Tobago , Culicidae/microbiologia , Roedores/microbiologia , Camundongos/microbiologia , Aves/microbiologia
16.
Carib Med J ; 12(1-2): 42-3, 1950.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-3899

Assuntos
Ratos , 21003 , Roedores , Ecologia
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