RESUMO
This survey was conducted to determine the types, prevalence and distribution of "alert" organisms within the UHWI. Continuous surveillance of "alert organisms" at the University Hospital has been conducted since 1995. Amongst the Gram positive isolates, Methicillin-resistant Coagulase-negative Staphylococci and Enterococci were more often reported (30 - 37 percent) than Methicillin-resistant Staph. aureus (9 - 13 percent) (MRSA). Pseudomonas aeruginosa accounted for the largest number of Gram-negative isolates (25 - 36 percent) followed by Acinetobacter and Klebsiellae (11 - 19 percent). Resistance to several groups of antibiotics was especially notable in Acinetobacter and Klebsiellae during 1997. Extended-spectrum betalactamase-producing Klebsiellae emerged in late 1996 (6.3 percent) and showed an increase in 1997 (37.1 percent). Ceftazidime-resistant Ps. Aeruginosa increased from 2.7 percent to 7.2 percent over the period. The types of organisms and their characteristic antibiogram can be used to direct further treatment and infection control policies.(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Infecção Hospitalar/epidemiologia , Resistência a Meticilina , Infecções Estafilocócicas , Enterococcus , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Infecções por Acinetobacter , Infecções por Enterobacteriaceae , Infecções por Klebsiella , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Jamaica , Programa de SEERRESUMO
A review of 391 children in the first decade of life admitted to surgical ward with soft tissue infectious revealed predisposing factors in 34.8 per cent of cases, mainly trauma and adjacent skin sepsis. Superficial abscess formation occurred in 90 per cent of cases, muscle abscess in 9.4 per cent, and necrotizing fascitis in less than 1 per cent. The most requent organism isolated was the staphylococcus aureus which was found in 52.8 per cent of the available cultures. Coliform organisms were found in 14.6 per cent, and haemplytic streptococci in just over 10 per cent. A study of the culture and sensitivity profiles obtained made it possible to formulate a programme for the empirical treatment of soft tissue infections based on the region of the body involved. (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Masculino , Feminino , Abscesso , Doenças Musculares , Abscesso/tratamento farmacológico , Abscesso/microbiologia , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Infecções por Enterobacteriaceae/tratamento farmacológico , Injeções Intramusculares/efeitos adversos , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Doenças Musculares/tratamento farmacológico , Doenças Musculares/microbiologia , Infecções Estafilocócicas/tratamento farmacológico , Trinidad e TobagoRESUMO
The modified R/B, two-tube, rapid identification system was compared with conventional biochemical tests in the identification of 500 strains of different members of the Enterobacteriaceae. The R/B tubes identified 97 percent of the organisms conclusively within 18 hours, the reactions being generally easy to read and interpret. No special skill was required for the use of the media or interpretation of the results. Most of the atypical strains were, however, incorrectly categorized at first screening. R/B tubes are expensive but with the time saved in media preparation, washing and sterilization of glassware and with fewer tubes to inoculate, also with savings in bench and refrigerator space and less need for quality control of media, the expense may be more apparent than real (AU)
