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1.
West Indian med. j ; 43(suppl.1): 16, Apr. 1994.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-5433

RESUMO

The prevalence of specific IgE (RAST) to tropical house dust mite Blomia tropicalis (Bt) was studied in 126 related individuals with self-reported atopic asthma (AA) and/or self-reported allergic rhinitis (AR) and individuals with no reported atopic disease. RAST results were considered positive when a serum bound > 5 percent of the total counts (percent TCB) added; 17 (65.4 percent) AA were positive to Bt, 7 (29.2 percent) AR without AA were positive to Bt, and 16 (21.9 percent) individuals reporting no AA or AR were positive to Bt. Total serum IgE was significantly higher in individuals with self-reported AA (750 ng/ml) than in individuals reporting no AA (282 ng/ml; Student's t test, p = 0.02). There was no association between total serum IgE and self-reported AR. Additionally, total IgE was weakly correlated with RAST (Bt) for all individuals (r=0.349, p=0.001). Subjects with self-reported AA had a significantly higher mean percentage TCB (19 + 17) than individuals without self-reported AA (10 + 14; Student's test, p<0.05). This study suggests that sensitivity to Bt is common in individuals with atopic asthma living in Barbados (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Ácaros , Asma , Rinite Alérgica Perene , Hipersensibilidade Imediata , Barbados/epidemiologia
2.
Lancet ; 338(8775): 1104, Nov. 2, 1991.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-9457

RESUMO

There are few data on mucosal immune responses to intestinal helminths in human beings, especially those involving the IgE system, which is thought to be important in parasite expulsion. We sought evidence of an immediate hypersensitivity reaction in the colon of children with chronic dysentery due to Trichuris trichiura. 28 children with Trichuris dysentery syndrome (TDS) were compared with 16 control children (with no TDS or worms visible on colonoscopy). All children were aged 1-11 years. Rectal biopsy samples were taken before and after expulsion of the worms by means of mebendazole treatment. Children wtih TDS had significantly greater numbers than controls of mast cells (mean [SD] 10.9 [1.3] vs 3.9 [0.6] percent of all cells; p<0.0003) and of cells with surface IgE (median [range] 11.1 [7.5-11.6] vs 1.0 [0-1.5] percent; p<0.001) in the subepithelial region of the mucosa. On electronmicroscopy, degranulating mast cells were prominent in parasitised children. In culture, rectal biopsy samples from parasitised children showed high rates of spontaneous histamine release, but only low rates of antigen-specific release. After treatment, spontaneous histamine release was significantly reduced and antigen-specific histamine release could be provoked. Thus, an IgE-mediated immune mucosal response to a helminth infection does occur in human beings but is not sufficient to cause appreciable parasite expulsion. (Summary)


Assuntos
Humanos , Criança , Disenteria/imunologia , Trichuris/imunologia , Trichuris/parasitologia , Helmintos/parasitologia , Doenças Funcionais do Colo/patologia , Enteropatias Parasitárias/imunologia , Hipersensibilidade Imediata , Hipersensibilidade Alimentar
3.
Am J Trop Med Hyg ; 22(2): 205-10, Mar. 1973.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-13061

RESUMO

The question of the insensitivity of immediate and delayed skin testing in children was studied with respect to both nutritional status and intensity of infection. Ninety-seven children on the island of St. Lucia, 5 to 11 years of age, with almost equal male:female distribution, all excreting eggs of Schistosoma mansoni were tested as follows: qualitatively and quantitative stool examinations; anthropometric measurements (height, weight, mid-arm circumference and triceps skinfold thickness); hematocrit; fluorescent antibody test; and skin tests with control material, S. mansoni adult worm antigen (both Puerto Rican and St. Lucian strains), and intermediate strenght PPD tuberculin. The anthropometric measurements revealed marginal malnutrition among the children. The overall positive intradermal response rate for each of the two antigens was similar, being 56 percent for the immediate and 37 percent for the delayed test. There was no relationship discernible between relative over- and under-nutrition and the skin test responses. A striking and highly significant positive association was revealed, however, between the intensity of infection, as shown by quantitative egg counts, and the sensitivity and extent of both the immediate and delayed skin test reactions.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Masculino , Feminino , Ciências da Nutrição , Esquistossomose/diagnóstico , Testes Cutâneos , Virulência , Antropometria , Fezes/microbiologia , Imunofluorescência , Hematócrito , Hipersensibilidade Tardia , Hipersensibilidade Imediata , Contagem de Ovos de Parasitas , Schistosoma mansoni/imunologia , Teste Tuberculínico , Santa Lúcia
4.
Am J Trop Med Hyg ; 22(2): 199-204, Mar. 1973.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-13062

RESUMO

The specificity of the delayed intradermal reaction was compared to that of the immediate response in 80 adult St. Lucians with proven schistosomiasis mansoni, using homologous and heterologous antigens. Adult worm antigens at a uniform concentration of 35æg/ml from four geographic strains of Schistosoma mansoni (St. Lucian, Puerto Rican, Brazilian, and Egyptian) and from S. haematobium and S. japonicum were color coded and injected randomly in the skin of the upper back. The immediate reactions to all the antigens showed equal sensitivity (94 to 99 percent positive). The delayed reactions with the four S. mansoni strains ranged from 49 to 60 percent positively, but the heterologous S. haematobium and S. japonicum antigens were significantly less sensitive, with only 20 percent and 30 percent positive reactions. In an attempt to improve the sensitivity of the delayed intradermal test, 30 of the 80 St. Lucians were retested 1 month later with different concentrations of the Puerto Rican antigen (5, 15, 35, 70 æg/ml). Immediate rections were 100 percent at all but the lowest concentration (93 percent). Delayed reactions were at their peak (87 percent) at the standard concentration of antigen (35 æg/ml), the other concentrations being similar with the exception of the lowest (53 percent). Comparisons of the results of the two series of tests performed 1 month apart in the same individuals revealed no changes in the immediate reactions, but a marked increase in both the percentage positivity and the mean lesion area in the delayed response.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Adulto , Masculino , Feminino , Hipersensibilidade Tardia , Schistosoma/imunologia , Esquistossomose/diagnóstico , Testes Cutâneos , Hipersensibilidade Imediata , Schistosoma haematobium/imunologia , Schistosoma mansoni/imunologia , Fatores de Tempo , Índias Ocidentais
5.
Am J Trop Med Hyg ; 22(2): 189-98, Mar. 1973.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-13063

RESUMO

In order to test the efficacy of antibody-mediated immunologic methods for the diagnosis of schistosomiasis (immediate intradermal and serological tests) and to compare them with a cell-mediated immunologic reaction (the delayed intradermal test), 350 subjects were examined. Approximately half of them were from the West Indian island of St. Lucia, all with proven schistosomiasis mansoni on fecal examination, and the other half were comparable subjects from St. Vincent, an island 30 miles distant where schistosomiasis has never been found. Five different antigens utilized in the intradermal tests (prepared from Schistosoma mansoni cercariae, adult worms and eggs, and from S. haematobium and S. japonicum eggs) were injected blindly in a randomized manner. The antigens were almost equally and highly sensitive in the immediate skin reaction in the adult St. Lucians (89-95 percent, with the exception of S. haematobium, 74 percent), but were far less sensitive in the children. There was a large number of false positive immediate responses among the Vincentians, e.g., 44 of 171 subjects tested with the S. mansoni cercarial antigen. Delayed skin reactions, which among the St. Lucians reached a peak of 66 percent positively with S. mansoni adult worm antigen, were less sensitive than the immediate reactions, but appeared to be more specific. Among the antigens (S. haematobium and S. japonicum eggs), while the Vincentians had very few false positive reactions with the homologous and none with the heterologous antigens. Of the three serologic tests (complement fixation, cholesterol-lecithin flocculation, and flourescent antibody), the first two were insensitive and non-specific; the third was the only one that provided results which were at all acceptable.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Criança , Adolescente , Adulto , Masculino , Feminino , Schistosoma mansoni/imunologia , Esquistossomose/diagnóstico , Testes Cutâneos , Testes de Fixação de Complemento , Reações Cruzadas , Reações Falso-Positivas , Testes de Floculação , Imunofluorescência , Hipersensibilidade Tardia , Hipersensibilidade Imediata , Schistosoma/imunologia , Schistosoma haematobium/imunologia , Esquistossomose/sangue , Índias Ocidentais
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