Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 20 de 81
Filtrar
1.
Rev. panam. salud p£blica ; 17(3): 170-177, Mar 2005. tab
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-17086

RESUMO

Objective. To determine the prevalence and characteristics of selected enteric pathogens in diarrheic children in six counties of Trinidad. Methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted from April 1998 through March 2000, using standard methods, to detect Salmonella spp., Shigela spp., enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC), Campylobacter spp., Yersinia spp., Cryptosporidium parvum, and parasite ova. The antibiograms of the enteropathogens were determined using disk diffusion method.Results. A total of 236 samples; 86 samples originated directly from 17 health centers in two counties (St. George East and St. George West), while 150 samples were obtained from Trinidad Public Health Laboratory, having been submitted by private practitioners and personel from six counties in Trinidad. Of the 236 samples, 33 (14.0 percent) were positive for Shigella, 4 (1.7 percent) for Salmonella, and 1 (0.4 percent) was positive for hook worm ova. All the samples were negative for Cryptosporidium parvum and Yersinia spp. With the 86 samples collected directly from the health centers, in St. George East County the frequency of Shigella was 20.0 percent (12 of 60), compared with 26.9 percent (7 of 26) for samples from St. George West County, but the difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05 with the chi-square test). For the 150 samples from the six counties that had been submitted directly to the Trinidad Public Health Laboratory, 14 of them (9.3 percent) were positive for Shigella, a figure statistically significantly lower than that found with the samples sampled directly from the health centers (P< 0.05 with the chi-square test). Sh. sonnei was the predominant serotype detected, accounting for 28 of the 33 Shigella isolates (84.8 percent) recovered from the 236 samples. Overall, the frequency of detection of enteropathogens had no seasonal pattern nor relationship to the county of origin. Of the 37 isolates of Salmonella and Shigella tested for antimicrobial sensitivity, all of them were sensitive to ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, and cefotaxime. In terms of resistance, 3 of the 37 isolates (8.1 percent) exhibited resistance to ampicillin, 1 (2.7 percent) to chloramphenicol, and 1 (2.7 percent) to sulfamethoxazole/ trimethoprim. Conclusions. Of the enteropathogens for which assays were done, Shigella sonnei was the most prevalent, and it has the highest probability of being an important etiological agent of childhood diarrhea in Trinidad (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Criança , Diarreia/diagnóstico , Infecções Bacterianas , Criança , Resistência Microbiana a Medicamentos , Trinidad e Tobago
2.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-16860

RESUMO

Hot aqueous extract of bark of Anacardium occidentale (Cashew), commonly used in Trinidadian folk medicine for the treatment of diarrhoea was evaluated for antidiarrhoeal activity. The extract inhibited castor oil-induced diarrhoea in rats as judged by a decrease in the number of wet faeces in the extract-treated rats. The extract was also inhibited the propulsive movement of intestinal contents in mice. The extract showed no direct effect on the isolated guinea-pig ileum, however, it inhibited in a dose-related manner the contractile effects of acetylcholine, histamine, and 5-hydroxytryptamine. The inhibitary effects on these agonists were non competitive in nature. Phytochemical tests revealed the main constituents as tannin, steroids, triterpenoid and carbohydrates. The results indicates that action of A. occidentale bark extract could be through a combination of inhibition of elevated transmitter released and reduced propulsive movement of the small intestine. There is merit in the folk medicinal use of the extract (AU)


Assuntos
Ratos , Anacardium/farmacologia , Trinidad e Tobago , Terapias Complementares , Diarreia/tratamento farmacológico , Antidiarreicos/farmacologia
3.
West Indian med. j ; 50(1): 50-4, Mar. 2001. tab
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-319

RESUMO

The susceptibility of 39 toxin producing Clostridium difficile isolates from stools of hospitalized patients was determined, by disc diffusion, to six antibiotics. All but one isolate (toxin A negative) produced toxin A and Toxin B. A wide variation in susceptibility to clindamycin, tetracycline and chloramphenicol was noted. Erythromycin and cotrimoxazole showed a clear-cut discrimination in resistance and susceptibility, while all isolates were sensitive to vancomycin. Erythromycin sensitive isolates demonstrates a significant association with diarrhoea (60.9 percent, 14/23, p<0.001). These strains were predominantly found at the University Hospital of the West Indies (UHWI, 94.1 percent, 16/17). Strains resistant to erythromycin and clindamycin together were commonly found at the National Chest Hospital (NCH, 68.2 percent, 15/22). All erythromycin sensitive strains found at the NCH were from patients transfered to that hospital. These findings suggest that there is a common strain of C difficile (erythrmycin resistant) at the NCH different from that found at the UHWI; the resistant pattern seen with isolates from the NCH was typical of toxigenic serogroup C strain and could be typed by the disc diffusion method. Patients at the NCH who were colonized with either of the two strains of C difficile were likely to get diarrhoea, once there suppression of the normal microflora by antibiotics and colonic over growth with C difficile. (AU)


Assuntos
Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Adolescente , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Clostridioides difficile/efeitos dos fármacos , Enterocolite Pseudomembranosa/complicações , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Diarreia/etiologia , Clostridioides difficile/metabolismo , Enterocolite Pseudomembranosa/microbiologia , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Toxinas Bacterianas/biossíntese , Enterotoxinas/biossíntese , Jamaica , Resultado do Tratamento
4.
Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical ; 34(1): 29-35, Jan.-Feb. 2001. tab
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-17780

RESUMO

A longitudinal study was conducted on selected livestock farms to determine the prevalence of enteropathogens in diarrhoeic and non-diarrhoeic animals. The enteropathogens assayed from faecal samples and rectal swabs were bacteria (Escherichia coli, Campylobacter spp. Salmonella spp. and Yersinia enterocolitica), parasites (coccidia, gastrointestinal nematodes and Cryptosporidium spp.) and viruses (group A rotavirus and parvovirus). The prevalence of the enteropathogens in various animal species was related to age and month of the year. Generally, younger animals presented a higher prevalence of infection by enteropathogens than older animals while most infections occurred between the months of January and April.


Assuntos
Bovinos , Animais , Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't , Fatores Etários , Animais Domésticos , Infecções por Campylobacter/epidemiologia , Infecções por Campylobacter/veterinária , Diarreia/epidemiologia , Diarreia/microbiologia , Diarreia/veterinária , Infecções por Escherichia coli/epidemiologia , Infecções por Escherichia coli/veterinária , Estudos Longitudinais , Prevalência , Salmonelose Animal/epidemiologia , Ovinos , Suínos , Trinidad e Tobago/epidemiologia
5.
West Indian med. j ; 49(suppl. 2): 63, Apr. 2000.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-877

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To determine the awareness of pharmacists in Trinidad of the WHO guidelines for treating acute diarrhoea in children and adults, and if medication was dispensed in accordance with these guidelines. DESIGN AND METHODS: From 220 retail pharmacies a representative sample of 92 pharmacies was randomly selected from the eight counties in Trinidad. Pharmacists were interviewed using a pilot tested questionnaire with hypothetical child and adult cases for which recommendations were invited for treatment. RESULTS: As the first choice of therapy for children, 69.6 percent of the pharmacists recommended oral rehydration salts (ORS), compared with 32.6 percent for adults (p<0.01). For children, 5 (6.6 percent) pharmacists recommended ORS in combination with an anti-diarrhoeal and an adsorbent respectively and 3 (1.3 percent) recommended it with an anti-spasmodic. For adults, 22 pharmacists (37.4 percent) recommended ORS with anti-diarrhoeals, 3 (5.1 percent) with anti-spasmodics and 2 (3.4 percent) with adsorbents and anti-microbials, respectively. Only 51 (55.4 percent) pharmacists interviewed knew of the WHO guidelines. Of those, 89 percent recommended ORS as the first choice of therapy for a child and 64 percent recommended it in adults (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Pharmacists in Trinidad preferentially recommend ORS as the first choice therapy for acute diarrhoea in children and not in adults. Educational intervention to reinforce the WHO guidelines is recommended since pharmacists are the first patient contact.(AU)


Assuntos
Adulto , Criança , Humanos , Diarreia/tratamento farmacológico , Hidratação/estatística & dados numéricos , Farmacêuticos/tendências , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Coleta de Dados , Trinidad e Tobago , Sistemas de Medicação/normas , Avaliação de Processos e Resultados em Cuidados de Saúde/tendências
6.
West Indian med. j ; 49(Supp 2): 36, Apr. 2000.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-956

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of Campylobacter spp in stools submitted for investigation of diarrhoeal disease. DESIGN AND METHODS: Stool specimens were cultured for Salmonella, Shigella and Campylobacter using appropriate selective media. Isolates of Campylobacter spp. were identified by a latex agglutination test, and antimicrobial sensitivities were performed using E-test strips. RESULTS: Stools from 951 patients were cultured for bacterial pathogens during the 13 months of this study. Salmonella spp. were isolated from 93 stools (9.8 percent, 95 percent CI 8.0-11.9), Campylobacter spp. from 53 (5.6 percent, 95 percent CI 4.2-7.2) and Shigella spp. from 28 (2.9 percent, 95 percent CI 2.0-4.2). Stools from which pathogens were isolated were significantly more likely to contain blood, mucus or white blood cells. Erythromycin was active against 92 percent of Campylobacter isolates tested, tetracycline against 61 percent, and ciprofloxacin against 58 percent. The majority of pathogens (79 percent) were isolated from stools submitted from children under 12 years of age (69 percent) and from the community (79 percent). CONCLUSIONS: Campylobacter spp. are common in patients with diarrhoea in Barbados and should be included in the routine investigation of diarrhoeal illnesses.(Au)


Assuntos
Criança , Pré-Escolar , Humanos , Campylobacter coli/isolamento & purificação , Diarreia/patologia , Repertório: Seção Matéria Fecal , Barbados , Manejo de Espécimes , Testes de Fixação do Látex
7.
Journal of ethnopharmacology ; 68(1-3): 327-330, Dec. 15 1999. tab
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-17599

RESUMO

The aqueous extract of the leaves of Ocimum gratissimum was screened for antidiarrhoeal effects. The extract inhibited castor oil-induced diarrhoea in rats as judged by a decrease in the number of wet faeces in the extract-treated rats. In addition, the extract inhibited the propulsive movement of intestinal contents. On the isolated ileum of guinea-pig, the extract showed no direct action; however, it reduced the responses of the guinea-pig ileum to acetylcholine, nicotine and histamine. Phytochemical tests revealed the main constituents as tannins, steroids, triterpenoid and carbohydrates. These findings suggested that the aqueous extract of the leaves of O. gratissimum might elicit an antidiarrhoeal effect by inhibiting intestinal motility, partly via muscarinic receptor inhibition.


Assuntos
Cobaias , Camundongos , Ratos , Animais , Ocimum , Diarreia , Nigéria , Trinidad e Tobago
8.
Clin Infect Dis ; 29(2): 335-8, Aug. 1999.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-717

RESUMO

The purpose of this study was to determine the role of enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) in the development of traveler's diarrhea and the clinical response of patients with EAEC diarrhea following treatment with ciprofloxacin. Sixty-four travelers with diarrhea and no other recognized enteropathogen were enrolled in treatment studies in Jamaica and Mexico from July 1997 to July 1998. EAEC was isolated from 29 travelers (45.3 percent). There was a significant reduction in the duration of posttreatment diarrhea in the 16 patients treated with ciprofloxacin, as compared with that in the 13 patients who received placebo (mean of 35.3 versus 55.5 hours; P= .049). There was a nonsignificant reduction in the mean number of unformed stools passed during the 72 hours after enrollment in the ciprofloxacin-treated group (7.5) (P= .128). This study provides additional evidence that EAEC should be considered as a cause of antibiotic-responsive traveler's diarrhea. (AU)


Assuntos
Adulto , Humanos , Ciprofloxacina/uso terapêutico , /uso terapêutico , Diarreia/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções por Escherichia coli/tratamento farmacológico , Viagem , Antidiarreicos/uso terapêutico , Escherichia coli/patogenicidade , Infecções por Escherichia coli/microbiologia , Infecções por Escherichia coli/fisiopatologia , Diarreia/microbiologia , Diarreia/fisiopatologia , Rifamicinas/uso terapêutico , Resultado do Tratamento
9.
JAMA ; 281(9): 811-7, Mar. 3, 1999.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-1407

RESUMO

CONTEXT: Traveler's diarrhea (TD) can incapacitate travelers. Characteristics of TD could be helpful in identifying individuals who might benefit from a vaccine against TD. OBJECTIVE: To determine epidemiology, etiology, and impact of TD in Jamaica. DESIGN: Two-armed, cross-sectional survey conducted between March 1996 and May 1997. SETTING: To investigate epidemiology and impact, 30369 short-term visitors completed a questionnaire just before boarding their homebound aircrafts. To investigate etiology, 322 patients (hotel guests) with TD provided stool samples. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Attack and incidence rates of reported diarrhea and of classically defined TD (> or = 3 unformed stool samples in 24 hours and > or = 1 accompanying symptom), incapacity, risk factors, and etiology. RESULTS: The attack rate for diarrhea was 23.6 percent overall, with 11.7 percent having classically defined TD. For a mean duration of stay of 4 to 7 days, the incidence rate was 20.9 percent (all TD) and 10.0 percent (classic TD). Among airport respondents, the incapacity lasted a mean of 11.6 hours. Less than 3 percent of all travelers avoided potentially high-risk food and beverages. The most frequently detected pathogens were enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, Rotavirus, and Salmonella species. CONCLUSIONS: A realistic plan for reducing TD is needed. Preventive measures such as the improvement of hygienic conditions at the destination, and/or the development of vaccines against the most frequent pathogens associated with TD may contribute toward achieving this goal (Au)


Assuntos
Adulto , Adolescente , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Diarreia/epidemiologia , Viagem , Efeitos Psicossociais da Doença , Estudos Transversais , Incidência , Jamaica/epidemiologia , Qualidade de Vida , Inquéritos e Questionários , Fatores de Risco , Diarreia/economia , Diarreia/etiologia , Diarreia/terapia
10.
West Indian med. j ; 47(suppl. 2): 16, Apr. 1998.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-1928

RESUMO

Pursuant of the goal to implement a strategy for prevention and control of travellers' diarrhoea (TD), a programme for the surveillance of selected health conditions amongst visitors and staff was pilot tested in 5 resort hotels in Jamaica. Surveillance reports submitted on a weekly basis by the hotel nurses were analyzed for usage of hotel medical facilities; cases due to accidents, diarrhoea and associated symptoms; and acute respiratory tract infections (ARIs). Diarrhoea visits accounted for the lowest number of visits to the nurses' station of all properties, ARIs for the highest. Highest frequency of diarrhoea visits occurred in hotels 4 and 5 being 9.3 and 7.3 percent of all visits to the nurses' station. 70 percent of guest TD cases and 26 percent of staff reported with more than 6 evacuations per day. Abdominal cramps was the most frequent complaint, being present in 38 percent and 43 percent of staff. Vomiting was an associated symptom in 17.6 percent of guest cases and in 26.4 percent of staff cases. A hotel 1, fever was an associated symptom in 23.6 percent and blood in stool in 4.9 percent of guest cases. At hotel 4, fever was present in 14.1 percent and blood in stool of 1.5 percent of guest cases. Amongst staff at hotels 1 and 4, 22.2 percent and 3.8 respectively, and fever. Blood in stool was infrequent amongst staff. These data confirm the usefulness of the surveillance tool for the analysis of TD in hotels.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Diarreia/epidemiologia , Viagem , Jamaica
11.
West Indian med. j ; 47(suppl. 2): 15, Apr. 1998.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-1929

RESUMO

Diarrhoea is a self-limited disease which commonly affects tourists traveling from low risk to high risk destinations. It is estimated to affect 20-50 percent of the residents of industrialized countries who visit a developing country each year. Jamaica and other countries of the Caribbean, Latin America, Sub-Saharan African and South East Asia are considered to be intermediate to high risk tourist destinations. Data generated between 1979 and 1981 estimated that approximately 20 percent of European visitors to the Caribbean are afflicted with travellers' diarrhoea (TD) during their stay. Since the time, tourist arrivals to Jamaica have increased from 0.4 to 1.2 millions. To meet the challenges faced by this rapid growth, significant changes have been made to the tourism product, which may have impacted on the health visitors. Immediately following Jamaica's citation by the US Travel Advisory after an outbreak of typhoid in the parish of Westmoreland in 1991, the country was faced by a threat of a cholera epidemic in neighbouring Latin America. With a view to implementing a strategy for cholera prevention and control of cholera and other foodborne diseases, the Ministry of Health initiated a study of epidemiology and aetiology of TD in Jamaica. The first phase of the study was designed to assess the magnitude of TD amongst travellers to Jamaica, by region and by hotel. Those data have been reported elsewhere. Bacterial enteropathogens cause 80 percent of TD.(AU)


Assuntos
Viagem , Diarreia/etiologia , Jamaica
13.
West Indian med. j ; 46(Suppl.2): 41, Apr. 1997.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-2450

RESUMO

Data on diarrhoeal disease were collected from the community, hospitals and private physicians from August 1991 to September 1996. The diarrhoea disease rates in <5 - and > 5- year-olds are shown below: [a table accompanied the original abstract]. The spectrum of organisms isolated from diarrhoeal specimens was mainly enteropathogenic E. coli, Salmonella spp., Shigella spp. and Campylobacter spp. with a few Cryptosporidia seen. The arrival in August 1994 of Samonella enteritidis brought an increasing isolation rate of this serotype. S. typhimurium was associated with outbreaks of salmonellosis in June and November 1994 but has since been on the decline but outbreaks associated with S. enteritidis were recorded in January 1995 (12 cases), and April 1996 (25 cases). The most severely affectd age group was the 0-4 year-old and the 60+ years showed an increasing susceptibility trend. Continued and heightened surveillance must prevail in order to determine the source of the S. enteritidis. Eggs have been implicated but the hard evidence is thus far lacking. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Criança , Diarreia/epidemiologia , Trinidad e Tobago , Infecções por Salmonella
14.
West Indian med. j ; 44(Suppl. 2): 18, April 1995.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-5797

RESUMO

Trichuriasis occurs in children infected with the tropical helminth Trichuris trichiura. The children usually present with various clinical symptoms such as diarrhoea, stunting, and finger clubbing along with anaemia. An investigation was carried out to determine the mechanism of the watery diarrhoea observed during infection which ceased upon expulsion of the worms. A hypothesis was proposed that the diarrhoea observed during the period of infection occurred as a result of the net secretion of chloride ions across the epithelium. This active secretion of chloride ions could be a consequence of the immunologically specific IgE antibody medicated response to antigens secreted by the helminth shown in previous studies. A preliminary determination of the concentration of the chloride ions in the stools of the infected children before and after treatment revealed a higher concentration of chloride ions in the stools collected before treatment. Rectal biopsies were clamped at zero voltage in Ussing chambers and challenged on the mucosal side with antigen derived from Trichuris trichiura. The short-circuit current, a measure of ion movement, was monitored. The specific chloride channel blocker, anthracene-9-carboxylic acid, and furosemide, a chloride pump blocker, were used to demonstrate that the secretory response to antigen was chloride ion mediated. The antihistamine, diphenhydramine hydrochloride, was used to demonstrate that histamine released from degranulating mast cells played an important role in the response. The viability of the biopsies was checked at the end of each experiment by challenging on the serosal side with acetylcholine chloride (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Criança , Tricuríase/complicações , Diarreia/fisiopatologia , Cloretos/metabolismo
15.
CLAN : Caribbean laboratory action news ; 4(2): 5-6, March 1995. ilus
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-17300

RESUMO

This article will serve as a medium to sensitize laboratory and medical personnel that these parasites do exist and that several diagnostic methods are presently available (at CAREC) for their detection(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Eucariotos , Coccídios , Diarreia , Região do Caribe
16.
Lancet ; 344(8936): 1537-9, Dec. 3, 1994.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-5323

RESUMO

Diarrhoea is the most common illness affecting travellers to developing countries. Our study was designed to compare the efficacy of a single 500 mg dose of ciprofloxacin with placebo for treatment of acute diarrhoea in travellers. British troops who were within their first 8 weeks of deployment in Belize and who presented within 24h of the onset of diarrhoea, were randomised to receive either ciprofloxacin 500 mg or placebo. Every subject recorded the number and consistency of stools and presence of any other associated symptoms for 72 h or until recovery. Of 88 subjects enrolled, 83 were evaluable, of whom 45 received ciprofloxacin and 38 placebo. Groups did not differ with regard to duration or severity of diarrhoea at randomisation. Mean (SE) duration of diarrhoea, as assessed by time to the last liquid and last unformed stool, was reduced from 50.4 (4.5) h and 53.5 (4.4) h, respectively, in the placebo group to 20.9 (3.4) h and 24.8 (3.8) h in those receiving ciprofloxacin (p<0.0001). Mean number of liquid stools was reduced from 11.4 (1.2) in the placebo group to 5.0 (0.7) in the ciprofloxacin-treated group (p<0.0001). The cumulative percentages of subjects with no unformed stool after 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h were, respectively, 64 percent, 82 percent, and 93 percent in the ciprofloxacin group and 11 percent, 42 percent, and 79 percent in the placebo group (p<0.0001, p<0.001, and not significant, respectively). A single 500 mg dose of ciprofloxacin was an effective empirical treatment for reducing the duration and severity of diarrhoea in travellers. The regimen should maximise compliance and reduce the cost and duration of therapy (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Ciprofloxacina/administração & dosagem , Diarreia/tratamento farmacológico , Diarreia/etiologia , Viagem , Belize , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Método Duplo-Cego , Militares , Estudos Prospectivos
17.
West Indian med. j ; 43(suppl.1): 38, Apr. 1994.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-5380

RESUMO

Since the introduction of V.cholerae 01 (E1 tor biotype) toxigenic strain in Peru in 1991, all mainland countries of South, Central and North America, with the exception of Uruguay, have had outbreaks of cholera. The Caribbean Islands have intensified their surveillance, strengthened laboratory capabilites and health education for prevention and control of diarrhoeal diseases as well as cholera. Vibrio cholerae 01 (E1 tor biotype) causes severe dehydrating watery diarrhoea as well as asymptomatic or mild illness which is indistinguishable from illness caused by other halophilic Vibrio spp. Ten (10) cases of diarrhoeal illness with dehydration (mild to severe) were seen between


Assuntos
Vibrioses/diagnóstico , Diarreia/etiologia , Diarreia/microbiologia , Índias Ocidentais , Cólera/diagnóstico
18.
Port of Spain; Caribbean Epidemiology Centre; 1993. 29-30 p. tab.(CAREC surveillance report, 1993).
Monografia em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-16495
19.
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg ; 87(1): 109-13, Jan/Feb. 1993.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-8497

RESUMO

Infection and undernutrition in young children are thought to act synergistically. However, studies of the relationship between low height-for age (stunting) and morbidity in young children have had inconsistent findings and there are few adequate data on the effects of nutritional supplimentation on morbidity. 129 stunted and 21 non-stunted children aged between 9 and 24 months, from poor Kingston neighbourhoods, identified from a house to house survey, were studied. The stunted children were randomly assigned to supplementation or no supplementation. Every week for 24 months the mothers were asked about the occurrence of any symptoms of illness. Supplementation had no consistent effect on the incidence or duration of symptoms. The stunted children had significantly more attacks of diarrhoea, fever, anorexia and apathy than the non-stunted children. The difference remained after controlling for social background and previous attacks of diarrhoea. There was also some indication of more severe illness in the stunted than the non-stunted children (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Masculino , Feminino , Alimentos Fortificados , Transtornos do Crescimento/dietoterapia , Estatura , Diarreia/epidemiologia , Transtornos do Crescimento/epidemiologia , Jamaica/epidemiologia , Morbidade , Pobreza , Saúde Pública , Infecções Respiratórias/epidemiologia
20.
Veterinary parasitology ; 45(3/4): 209-213, Jan. 1993. tab
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-17112

RESUMO

Faecal samples from 683 diarrhoeic and non-diarrhoeic piglets, calves, lambs and goat kids were examined for Crytosporidium occysts. The prevalence of infection in piglets and lambs was 19.6 percent and 20 percent, respectively, and these rates were significantly higher that those detected in calves (8.7 percent). Amongst the four animal species studied, the detection rates were higher in diarrhoeic than in non-diarrhoeic animals and in animals under extensive and semi-intensive husbandry systems. However, these differences were not statistically significant(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Animais Domésticos/parasitologia , Trinidad e Tobago , Diarreia/diagnóstico , Diarreia/veterinária , Vírus da Diarreia Viral Bovina , Cryptosporidium , Cryptosporidium parvum/parasitologia , Região do Caribe
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA
...