Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 20 de 23
Filtrar
Mais filtros










Filtros aplicados
Base de dados
Intervalo de ano de publicação
1.
Mona; s.n; October 2000. i,40 p. tab.
Tese em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-17172

RESUMO

Computer workers represent the fastest growing sector of the economy. All aspects of office work are now changing. The introduction of new technology and the automation of office work brings with it avenues for the improvement in the overall working conditions. They also present new challenges. The health issues related to work within these new "electronic offices" have long been a major focus of both workers and their organizations. Ergonomics as a science, has sought to bring a better fit of office work to the worker, and is expected to play a major role in the continued automation of the "electronic offices". This study represents a cross-sectional survey done among Video Display Unit (VDU) workers at the University of the West Indies, Mona campus, on the self-reported prevalence of Upper Extremities Musculoskeletal Disorders (UEMSD), Eyestrain (ES), and Stress Related Illnesses (SRI). The results show a prevalence Eyestrain (ES) at 53.3 per 100, Lower Back Pain (LBP) at 50.0 per 100, Recurrent Shoulder Pain (RSP)at 46.7 per 100, Cervical Myalgia (CM) at 40.0 per 100, Stress Related Illnesses (SRI) at 30.0 per 100, and Carpal Tunnel Syndrome at 33.3 per 100. The level of job satisfaction among workers surveyed was found to be low. The majority of workers taking part in the study had knowledge of ergonomics and its role as an instrument to improve office work and the health and well being of the worker. This level of knowledge of ergonomics was not translated into practice, and some non-ergonomic conditions were reported in some departments (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Adulto , Doenças Profissionais/diagnóstico , Astenopia/diagnóstico , Sistema Musculoesquelético , Extremidade Superior/lesões , Astenopia/complicações , Jamaica , Região do Caribe
2.
Int J Nurs Stud ; 36(2): 163-9, Apr. 1999.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-1326

RESUMO

This study addresses issues of occupational mental health among nurses in the Caribbean. A linear model linking role, work and social factors, stress, burnout, depression, absenteeism and turnover intention guides the research. Data were collected from 119 nurses working for major hospitals located in St. Vincent and Trinidad & Tobago using a field survey. Psychometrically sound instruments with provencross-cultural validity were utilized in the questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, correlations, and path analysis were used to analyze the data. The results indicated fairly strong support for proposed model which is tested for the first time among a Caribbean population. Role conflict, role overload and social support predicted stress, which along with social support predicted burnout. Burnout was the sole predictor of depression which in turn predicted both absenteeism and turnover intention. Implications of these findings for research and practice are discussed.(AU)


Assuntos
Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Esgotamento Profissional/psicologia , Depressão/psicologia , Recursos Humanos de Enfermagem no Hospital/psicologia , Doenças Profissionais/psicologia , Esgotamento Profissional/prevenção & controle , Absenteísmo , Depressão/prevenção & controle , Modelos Lineares , Modelos Psicológicos , Doenças Profissionais/prevenção & controle , Reorganização de Recursos Humanos , Autonomia Profissional , Apoio Social , Estresse Psicológico/psicologia , Carga de Trabalho , São Vicente e Granadinas , Trinidad e Tobago , Região do Caribe
3.
s.l; s.n; 1998. 12 p. tab. (FULLTEXT).
Monografia em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-16215

RESUMO

The object of this study was to determine whether obesity is an occupational hazard in food handlers. 309 persons who presented to two Barbadian group General Practices for food handling certification were studied. The results demonstrate that a majority of food handlers were obese (55.3 percent), more so than in population studies despite the relatively young age of the sample. The men 67/104 (64 percent) were just as obese as the women 104/175 (59.4 percent) and obesity was seen in the relatively young age groups, 30-39 (60.9 percent), 40-49 (75 percent) and 50-59 (69.7 percent). Among food handlers obesity was seen more frequently than in those with sedentary lifestyles 76/116 (65.5 percent) and in those who worked more than 10 years in the food handling industry 91/140 (65 percent). No association was found between obesity and use of alcohol or tobacco, but among the food handlers studied were many who demonstrated inaccurate perception of their body image, with 74 of the 190 who thought their weight to be O.K. actually measuring as obese (39 percent). Obesity is most likely an occupational hazard in food handlers. They work in an industry that is growing rapidly in Barbados as tourism services expand and as the local population adopts the western lifestyle of eating out more often. Food handlers are required by law to be certified annually as fit to work. It is important that doctors recognize the threat of obesity and use the opportunity of this annual examination to screen and intervene for this hazard. (AU)


Assuntos
Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Humanos , Adolescente , Feminino , Masculino , Obesidade , Manipulação de Alimentos , Doenças Profissionais , Barbados
4.
Am J Trop Med Hyg ; 53(2): 118-22, Aug. 1995.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-5843

RESUMO

A seroprevalence survey of hepatitis B virus (HBV) markers was conducted among health care workers in Belize to help determine the epidemiology of hepatitis B and to determine if screening before immunization might lower vaccine costs. Of the 330 workers tested, 94 (29 percent) were positive for antibody to HBV core antigen (anti-HBc) and three (1 percent) had HBV surface antigen. The presence of anti-HBc increased significantly with age from 12 percent in those 18-24 years old to 52 percent in those o 50 years old. The rate was 17 percent of 48 men compared with 30 percent of 282 women (P = 0.05). Rates increased with years of medical service and were higher among nurses (69 of 228; 30 percent) and nonprofessional staff (15 of 44; 34 percent) than among physicians (0 of 20). The presence of anti-HBc also differed significantly among ethnic groups: Mestizo, 4 percent; Creole, 33 percent and Garifuna, 57 percent. Rates differed by district ranging from 3 percent in a northern district (mostly Mestizo) to 67 percent in a southern district (mostly Garifuna). Parenteral exposure to hepatitis B through needle stick injuries and blood transfusions was not associated with anti-HBc. Multiple logistic regression analysis confirmed ethnicity, district of residence, and age as the best predictors of anti-HBc in health care workers. Cost analysis suggests that because of regional differences in exposure, testing of health care workers for anti-HBc in the Belize and Stann Creek districts in southern Belize before hepatitis B immunization would result in vaccine program cost savings (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , 21003 , Masculino , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Pessoal de Saúde , Hepatite B/epidemiologia , Vírus da Hepatite B/imunologia , Doenças Profissionais/epidemiologia , Belize/epidemiologia , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Etnicidade , Hepatite B/imunologia , Hepatite B/prevenção & controle , Antígenos do Núcleo do Vírus da Hepatite B/imunologia , Antígenos de Superfície da Hepatite B/imunologia , Vacinas contra Hepatite B/economia , Vacinação , Prevalência
6.
West Indian med. j ; 39(2): 109-13, June 1990.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-14174

RESUMO

The importance of occupational health practice principles in the delivery of health care to the working population is stressed by the authors' management of an incident of occupational pesticide poisoning. The clinical management of the patients involved, as well as the occupational and environmental health management of that incident, is discussed. An illustrative case report is used to describe an occurrence of carbofuran pesticide poisoning in three female farm workers in Jamaica. This report highlights the implications and significance of this incidence in terms of the sensitivity of the medical profession to similar occupational health problems (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Adulto , Feminino , Inseticidas/envenenamento , Doenças Profissionais , Jamaica
7.
Kingston; 1990. 69 p. tab.
Tese em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-13763

RESUMO

The aim of this study was to identify the health problems associated with working in the Kingston Free Zone, the types of health services found there and their adequacy, with a view to implement strategies to overcome the the problems. Health problems were associated with working in the Free Zone e.g respiratory and digestive problems were seen as a result of the working conditions found in the Free Zone. Health services were found to be adequate but under utilized. The need for implementation of a few programmes and health services were also identified, such as an occupational health programme and a dental service (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Feminino , Saúde Ocupacional , Serviços de Saúde do Trabalhador/estatística & dados numéricos , Indústrias , Doenças Profissionais/epidemiologia , Jamaica
8.
Int J Epidemiol ; 18(4): 874-81, Dec. 1989.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-12417

RESUMO

To investigate the risk of lead poisoning among household members exposed to 'backyard' battery repair shops (BBRS) in Kingston, Jamaica, environmental and blood lead (PbB) were measured at 24 households (112 individuals) with a BBRS worker or located at a BBRS premises and at 18 neighbourhood control households (74 individuals). Elevated PbB (greater than or equal to 25 micrograms per decilitre [micrograms/dl]) was common among subjects of all ages living at BBRS premises, especially among children less than age 12, 43 percent of whom had PbB greater than 70 micrograms/dl. Potentially hazardous soil and house dust lead levels were also common at BBRS premises, where 84 percent of yards had soil lead levels above 500 parts per million (geometric mean 3388 parts per million [ppm] at BBRS premises households with a BBRS worker). Geometric mean blood and environmental lead levels were significantly lower at control households, where less than 10 percent of subjects in all age groups had elevated PbB (maximum 33 microgram/dl). Sharing a premises with a BBRS was a stronger determinant of household blood lead and environmental contamination than was the presence of a BBRS worker in a household. Blood lead levels were associated with soil and house dust lead levels in all age groups. We conclude that small battery repair shops, which have also been described in other developing countries, create a high lead poisoning risk for nearby residents (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Criança , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Masculino , Feminino , Automóveis , Indústrias , Intoxicação por Chumbo/etiologia , Doenças Profissionais/induzido quimicamente , Características de Residência , Poeira/efeitos adversos , Jamaica , Chumbo/sangue , Intoxicação por Chumbo/sangue , Doenças Profissionais/sangue
9.
J Trop Med Hyg ; 92(4): 253-8, Aug. 1989.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-12503

RESUMO

Of 133 cases of human leptospirosis recorded in Trinidad between 1977 and the end of February 1982, at least eight (6 percent) were in people who worked on pig farms. Three of the eight died,and their presumptive infecting serogroups were Icterohaemorrhagiae (3), Canicola (2), Pyrogenes (2) and Grippotyphosa(1). Six of the eight cases followed up. Altogether, sera from 201 pigs, 78 other livestock animals, 38 workers and 34 dogs were tested for leptospiral agglutinins. The seropositivity prevalence among pigs on farms with human illness(43 percento1:100) was similar to that in pigs from farms not associated with illness (46 percent), but the titres among the former group (geamatic mean 209.5) were higher than among the latter (91.5), where only titers ó1:400 were recorded. Similar infecting serogroups were recorded among pigs on the two groups of farms, with Icterohaemorrhagiae, Autmnalis, Canicola and Pyrogenes most frequently recorded overall. There was little evidence of the pig-adapted serogroups Pomona and Tarassovi. Twelve of 13 workers (93 percent) from a farm on which at least two other people had contracted leptospirosis had serological evidence of exposure, compared with seven of 24 (29 percent) on a neighbouring farm not associated with human illness. Dogs and rodents are thought to be the major sources of leptospirosis in pigs and piggery workers in Trinidad. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Cães , 21003 , Masculino , Feminino , Leptospirose/transmissão , Leptospira/isolamento & purificação , Leptospirose/epidemiologia , Leptospirose/parasitologia , Doenças Profissionais/parasitologia , Fatores de Tempo , Trinidad e Tobago , Suínos
11.
West Indian med. j ; 38(2): 110-3, June 1989.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-9858

RESUMO

Two patients with high voltage electrical injury involving the trunk are presented. Both injuries were complicated by visceral damage; and one patient died from sepsis secondary to bowel perforation. The rarity of this complication is examined in light of the pathophysiology of electrical injury; and its management is discussed with reference to previously published reports on this condition. (AM)


Assuntos
Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Masculino , Queimaduras por Corrente Elétrica/complicações , Traumatismos por Eletricidade/complicações , Perfuração Intestinal/etiologia , Doenças Profissionais/complicações , Queimaduras por Corrente Elétrica/fisiopatologia , Traumatismos por Eletricidade/fisiopatologia , Perfuração Intestinal/complicações
12.
Am J Ind Med ; 16(2): 167-77, 1989.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-12212

RESUMO

To assess lead exposure in the Jamaican lead-acid battery industry, we surveyed three battery manufacturers (including 46 production workers) and 10 battery repair shops (including 23 battery repair workers). Engineering controls and respiratory protection were judged to be inadequate at battery manufacturers and battery repair shops. At manufacturers, 38 of 42 air samples for lead exceeded a work-shift time-weighted average concentration of 0.050 mg/m3 (range 0.030-5.3 mg/m3), and nine samples exceeded 0.050 mg/m3 (range 0.003-0.066 mg/m3). Repair shop workers, however, had higher blood lead levels than manufacturing workers (65 percent vs. 28 percent with blood lead levels above 60 micrograms/dl, respectively). Manufacturing workers had a higher prevalence of safe hygienic practices and a recent interval of minimal production had occurred at one of the battery manufacturers. Workers with blood lead levels above 60 micrograms/dl tended to have higher prevalences of most symptoms of lead toxicity than did workers with lower blood lead levels, but this finding was not consistent or statistically significant. The relationship between zinc protoporphyrin concentrations and increasing blood lead concentrations was consistent with that described among workers in developed countries. The high risk of lead toxicity among Jamaican battery workers is consistent with studies of battery workers in other developing countries. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Adulto , Masculino , Países em Desenvolvimento , Chumbo/sangue , Intoxicação por Chumbo/epidemiologia , Doenças Profissionais/induzido quimicamente , Poluentes Ocupacionais do Ar/análise , Jamaica , Doenças Profissionais/epidemiologia , Fontes de Energia Elétrica , Fatores de Risco
13.
West Indian med. j ; 37(1): 16-21, Mar. 1988.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-11728

RESUMO

During the period 1979-1982, serum cholinesterase levels were determined in blood samples collected from workers employed at the Insect Vector Control Division, Trinidad, W.I. A total of 1,162 blood samples were collected, of which 116 showed suppressed cholinesterase levels. Those workers with low serum cholinesterase levels included 46 residual spraymen, 66 Aedes aegypti operators and 4 controls. The difference in numbers of spraymen and Aedes operators with low cholinesterase levels was significant (p<.001). No significant differences were found in the number of Aedes operators with low cholinesterase levels from North and South Trinidad. Similarly, no differences were found in the number of residual spraymen from North and South Trinidad with low cholinesterase levels. A total of 7 Aedes operators and 4 residual spraymen had persistently low serum cholinesterase levels. It is likely that the main areas of absorption were the hands and forearms, with further absorption occurring via respiration. The need for continuous monitoring and supervision of vector control workers who handle insecticides is stressed (AU)


Assuntos
21003 , Humanos , Masculino , Colinesterases/sangue , Inseticidas/efeitos adversos , Controle de Mosquitos , Doenças Profissionais/sangue , Aedes , Trinidad e Tobago
14.
West Indian med. j ; 37(1): 9-11, Mar. 1988.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-11730

RESUMO

In order to assess the immune status to Hepatitis B in a general hospital population in the Caribbean, we studied the antibody level to Hepatitis B surface antigen (anti HBs) and to core antigen (anti HBc) in 90 health-care workers at the Queen Elizbeth Hospital in Barbados, West Indies. There was one asymptomatic carrier with Hepatitis B antigen (HBsAg). Thirteen (14.6 percent) of the remaining 89 possessed anti HBs; 10 of these (11.2 percent) were considered to be immune, and three non-immune. The 10 immune subjects were also positive for anti HBc whereas the other three "non-immune" positives were not. One person in the study had strong anti HBc immunity but was negative for anti HBs. There appeared to be no relationship between immunity and age, sex, profession or duration of work years. From the study, 76 individuals (84 percent were easily identified as being susceptible to Hepatitis B and were candidates for HBV vaccine. (AU)


Assuntos
Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Anticorpos Anti-Hepatite B/análise , Doenças Profissionais/imunologia , Recursos Humanos em Hospital , Antígenos de Superfície da Hepatite B/análise , Barbados
17.
West Indian med. j ; 31(4): 213-6, Dec. 1982.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-11365

RESUMO

A case is presented of a 46-year-old labourer in Kingston glass factory who exhibited the typical manifestations of arsenic poisoning after participating in the dismantling of an old furnace in the factory. An investigation of the factory by a Ministry of Health team found the safety practices of the company to be inadequate. Measurement of 24-hour urinary arsenic content in nine workers showed that five had levels above the upper limit of the range acceptable for exposed persons. This case serves to emphasize the need for increased attention to safe industrial practices by Caribbean industries, governments, and health communities (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Arsênio/envenenamento , Vidro , Indústrias , Doenças Profissionais/induzido quimicamente , Jamaica
18.
Kingston; n.p; Aug. 1979. 139 p. maps, ills, tab.
Tese em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-13799

RESUMO

In a serological and ecological study of the genus Leptospira in Jamaica, 535 sera from three species of livestock animals, bovine, porcine and caprine were serologically tested by the microscopic agglutination technique using live leptospiral antigens. Of the number tested, 316 (59.06 percent) were reactive with titers equalling or greater than 1:100. A total of six serotypes were identified and representative serovars were as follows:- jules (serogroup Hebdomadis) 257 (51.92 percent); icterohemorrhagiae (serogroup Ictero-hemorrhagiae) 140 (28.07 percent); autumnalis (serogroup Autumnalis) 41 (8.3 percent); canicola (serogroup Canicola) 30 (6.06 percent); pomona (serogroup Pomona) 25 (5.19 percent) and abramis (serogroup Pyrogenes) 2 (0.4 percent). The porcine species recorded the highest percentage of reactive sera (65.5 percent) and the caprine the lowest (38.9 percent). The widest distribution of serotypes occurred in pigs. A comparison of the parishes showed that the positive sera from Portland (80.9 percent) and Westmoreland (71.6 percent) topped others and St. Andrew had the lowest 11.0 percent. For the ecological study, 22 soil and 25 water samples collected from five selected livestock farms in the island were cultured initially in enrichment artificial medium (Ellinghausen and McCullough semi-solid), ESS, incorporating 5-fluorouracil, for the isolation of leptospires. A total of 23 (48.9 percent) isolates were obtained:- 16 (72.7 percent) from the soil samples and 7 (28 percent) from the water samples. One water isolate was lost and the 22 parent isolates were subsequently inoculated into weanling hamsters. The kidney tissues and heartblood of the inoculated hamsters on culture yielded 8 leptospiral isolates and the microscopic agglutination test of the sera of inoculated hamsters gave 9 reactive results. There was no positive results either from culture or serological test of the control (uninoculated) hamsters. The investigations revealed that the constituents of Jamaican soil, the heavy rainfall and the various environmental factors are ideal for the survival and distribution of leptospires in the island. Flooding helps to spark off epizootic outbreaks and the leptospiral serotypes mentioned earlier are enzootic and endemic in Jamaica. The predominant serotypes are jules and icterohemorrhagiae. People at high risk are the livestock attendants and milkers. The epidemiological importance of the serotypes identified and suggested means of dealing with their adverse effects are discussed (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Cães , Cricetinae , Camundongos , Ratos , 21003 , Leptospirose/epidemiologia , Leptospira/isolamento & purificação , Leptospira/patogenicidade , Leptospira interrogans serovar canicola/isolamento & purificação , Leptospira interrogans serovar canicola/patogenicidade , Leptospira interrogans/isolamento & purificação , Leptospira interrogans/patogenicidade , Testes de Aglutinação , Ecologia , Bovinos/microbiologia , Suínos/microbiologia , Cabras/microbiologia , Reservatórios de Doenças , Jamaica , Doenças Profissionais , Microbiologia do Solo , Microbiologia da Água , Sorologia/métodos
19.
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg ; 73(2): 169-77, 1979.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-14461

RESUMO

The results of a retrospective study of human leptospirosis cases occurring in Barbados during the period 1968-74, and of serological findings among high risk occupational groups, fever cases and health care patients monitored for the disease during 1975-77, indicate that infection by serotype fort-bragg of the Autumnalis group is widespread in this Caribbean island. The occupational groups most affected are sanitation workers and sugar-cane workers. Results of serological tests conducted at the principle hospital are comparable with the results obtained by the microscopic agglutination reference test procedure conducted at the Pan American Zoonosis Centre (CEPANZO) Summary


Assuntos
Humanos , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Masculino , Feminino , Leptospirose/epidemiologia , Testes de Aglutinação , Aglutininas/análise , Barbados , Leptospira/imunologia , Leptospirose/diagnóstico , Leptospirose/mortalidade , Doenças Profissionais/epidemiologia , Chuva , Estudos Retrospectivos
20.
Int J Epidemiol ; 6(3): 225-9, Sept. 1977.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-8758

RESUMO

In a community of potters in Barbados where lead glazes traditionally have been used, a survey of 12 potters, 19 of their family members, and 24 controls revealed elevated blood lead levels in the potters, their family members, and the neighbours who used pottery for culinary purposes. Dust from the potters' homes and work areas contained lead in concentrations up tp 320,000 ppm. Pottery was found to have lead release levels up to 3,125 microgram/ml. Six people had upper extremity tremor associated with elevated blood lead levels. This survey demonstrates the risk of using lead glazes in pottery production to family members of potters as well as the potters themselves and emphasizes the need for surveillance of occupational hazards in developing countries. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Criança , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Masculino , Feminino , Arte , Chumbo/sangue , Barbados , Utensílios de Alimentação e Culinária , Poeira , Intoxicação por Chumbo/epidemiologia , Intoxicação por Chumbo/etiologia , Doenças Profissionais/induzido quimicamente , Doenças Profissionais/epidemiologia , Risco
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA
...