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1.
West Indian med. j ; 44(Suppl. 2): 42, Apr. 1995.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-5734

RESUMO

Although trichuriasis is the most prevalent known infection in the CARICOM countries, only a small proportion of infected children acquire intense infection, i.e., Trichuris Dysentry Syndrome (TDS). Hypotheses to be investigated are that there is a specific T-Cell anergy to the parasite in such hosts or that they have general predisposition to the "TH2" T-helper-cell response, which would be in keeping with the TDS local anaphylactic response we have shown by various techniques in our other reports. We investigated 3 groups of children: controls from a surgical private practice unlikely to have ever been significantly infected TDS cases. We used the ELISPOT technique with primary and secondary monoclonal antibodies to show cytokine production by cells separated from peripheral blood or colonic mucosal biopsies, expressing the final result in numbers of positive cells per 100,000 CD3+ cells (T-cells). Interferon-gamma detection was taken as indicative of the TH1 phenotype and Interleukin 4 (IL4) as indicative of TH2. Spontaneous production in short-term culture was compared with that after stimulation ionophore, staphylococcal enterotoxin B (superantigen) or T. trichiura excretory-secretory (ES) antigen. There was great variability in proportions of cytokine positive cells after culture, both spontaneously and after stimulation. There was also variability in the rank of potency of a given stimulant to "the T-cells of different children. ES antigen provoked the greatest IL4 response for one active TDS case, refuting the anergy hypothesis. The active cases had two highest productions (spontaneous) of interferon-gamma and (stimulated) of IL4. No significant difference in Th1/Th2 phenotypic profile emerged between the control and ex-TDS groups. We conclude that it is not innate character in T-helper-cell response to mitogen or antigen that accounts for predisposition to intense trichuriasis (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Criança , Tricuríase/imunologia , Citocinas , Linfócitos T Auxiliares-Indutores , Anticorpos Monoclonais , Interferon gama
2.
Acta Otolaryngol ; 76(4): 42, Oct. 1973.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-5733

RESUMO

In Trichuris Dysentry Syndrome (TDS), we have elsewhere shown an IgE-mediated mucosal mast cell inflammatory response and infiltration of the colonic lamina propria by macrophages with evidence of the cellular production to TNF O. There is an increased concentration of this cytokine in the systemic circulation: both this and the correlation of finger-clubbing with worm load are evidence of an inflammatory response which is systemic as well as local to the intestine. We therefore assayed the plasmas of 53 TDS children, 16 "disease control" (DC) and 20 "normal control" (NC) children for plasma protein changes. DC children were Trichuris negative patients who had clinical indications for colonoscopy, mainly chronic diarrhoea; NC were trichuris-negative asymptomatic children of similar background to the TDS patients who were subjected to venepuncture and non-invasive tests of intestinal permeability and intestinal protein clearance (normal). There was a significant increase (p<0.05) in the means of C-Reactive protein (CRP) and antitrypsin in the TDS compared with the NC group. The mean increase in the DC group was significantly differernt from the NC. The reduction in the mean albumin concentration in TDS compared with NC children was not quite significant (p=0.05). Caeruloplasmin showed a significant difference only between the DC and NC children (p < 0.05). The other plasma proteins assayed, transferrin and fibrinogen, showed no significant difference in their means among the three groups. These changes in plasma protein concentrations are indicative of a generalized sytemic response to Trichuris trichuria and correspond to a continuous, mile "acute phase response" to this chronic infection (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Proteínas Sanguíneas , Trichuris , Disenteria , Trinidad e Tobago , Imunoglobulina E , Citocinas , Proteína C-Reativa , alfa 1-Antitripsina , Ceruloplasmina
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