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1.
Rev. panam. salud publica ; 13(2/3): 177-182, Feb-Mar 2003. ilus, tabs
Artigo em Espanhol | MedCarib | ID: med-16988

RESUMO

Assuring the best quality in transfusion medicine necessarily involves exercising exhaustive control over the entire system and developing protocols for procedures and techniques, the reagents and equipment used, personnel training and so on. Additional guarantees can come from adequately organizing the work and perhaps automating processes in order to avoid errors. Another way to avoid errors in the laboratory is to register and continuosly analyze the mistakes that do occur, since that makes it necessary to change procedures in order to avoid repeating them. External quality control programs (EQCP) make it possible to perform a periodic overall assessment of the suitability of techniques, reagents, and training of personnel in relation to the valdity of the results obtained. By voluntarily participating in an EQCP, the blood center shows its commitment to the quality of care. In the Region of the Americas, the Pan American Health Organization's Immunohematology Quality Control Program has made it possible to objectively quantify the improvement attained in the formative level reached by participating blood banks in the four years the Program has been in operation (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Transfusão de Sangue/métodos , América , Controle de Qualidade/normas , Testes Imunológicos
2.
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg ; 87: 173-6, 1993.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-9453

RESUMO

Indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA) allows sensitive detection of serum immunoglobulin (Ig) G against a soluble extract of Strongyloides stercoralis infective larvae. In this study, 40/40 (100 percent) human strongyloidiasis sera had high levels of anti-S. stercoralis IgG, but 30/40 (75 percent) filariasis sera, and 12/40 (30 percent) necartoriasis sera also had higher levels than control sera from UK residents. In attempts to increase the assay specificity by absorption of cross-reactive IgG, the effectiveness of pre-incubation of sera with extracts of different parasitic nematodes was investigated. One hour of incubation with 20 æ/ml aqueous extract of Onchocerca gutturosa absorbed cross-reactive IgG in most filariasis and necatoriasis sera, reducing the proportion with IgG levels above the positivity threshold by more one-half. Preliminary results suggest that absorption with extracts of other filarial nematodes is equally effective, and that some cross-reactive IgG is directed against phosphorylcholine. Cross-reactive IgG in most necatoriasis sera was effectively absorbed with an extract of Ascaris lumbricoides. Absorption of cross-reactive IgG is an effective means of increasing the specificity of the indirect ELISA, for use in the immunodiagnosis and immuno-epidemiology of S. stercoralis infection.


Assuntos
Humanos , Strongyloides/parasitologia , Testes Imunológicos/métodos , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática
4.
Kingston; s.n; 1991. xii,370 p.
Tese em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-3651

RESUMO

This study investigated the repertoire of autoantibodies found in normal healthy Jamaicans as it relates to the efficacy of laboratory diagnosis of autoimmune disease. Clinical, immunological and genetic features of certain autoimmune diseases as they occur in Jamaicans were also examined. A number of immunological techniques were applied. There was no marked female preponderance of thyroid autoantibodies in the normal population although autoimmune thyroid disease was found predominantly in females. This indicates that gonadal hormones may be important in the development of disease. The low frequency and concentrations in which islet cell autoantibodies occur in Jamaican type 1 diabetics (3.2 percent) supports a non-pathogenetic role for these antibodies (Chapter 6). The bimodal clinical distribution of myasthenia gravis found elsewhere was not observed in Jamaicans (Chapter 10). There was no female preponderance in the ocurrence of rheumatoid factors. The frequency of certain ARA criteria were statistically significantly lower in Jamaican systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients compared with American patients. Several HLA associations were found with myasthenia gravis, SLE and rheumatoid arthritis although these were mostly weak. The data obtained herein will contribute to the improvement in diagnosis and management of autoimmune diseases in Jamaica and the lack of understanding of the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Masculino , Testes Imunológicos , Doenças Autoimunes/diagnóstico , Autoanticorpos/análise , Jamaica , Doenças da Glândula Tireoide/imunologia , Fator Reumatoide/imunologia , Músculo Liso/imunologia
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