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1.
West Indian med. j ; 49(2): 95-9, Jun. 2000.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-818

RESUMO

This is the second of a three-part series by the Caribbean Food and Nutrition Institute (CFNI) on revised guidelines for young children feeding in the Caribbean. In Part I, the guidelines dealt with the period before birth. These covered maternal nutrition and guidelines for promoting, protecting and supporting breastfeeding. This part covers the broad area of breastfeeding, nutrition of the newborn with low birthweight or other special requirements, and replacement feeding for infants who are not breastfed. It also discusses the introduction of complementary foods with emphasis on the continuation of breastfeeding for two years and beyond.(AU)


Assuntos
Criança , Pré-Escolar , Lactente , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Aleitamento Materno , Alimentos Infantis , Nutrição do Lactente , Apoio Nutricional , Dieta , Recém-Nascido de Baixo Peso , Política Nutricional , Necessidades Nutricionais , Fatores de Risco
5.
Community Dent Health ; 9(4): 349-60, Dec. 1992.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-8186

RESUMO

In 1989 a national survey was carried out on children aged 3 to 4 years attending nursery schools, to investigate the prevalence of caries experience, nursing bottle caries and enamel defects in the primary dentition, and these children's dentally related habits. In the first part of the study, examination of 482 Antiguan children showed that the dmft and dmfs values were 0.80 and 1.26 respectively, and that 77 percent of the children were caries free; 4.6 percent of children had nursing bottle caries; and enamel defects occurred in 24 percent of children. No significant differences was found in oral health between urban and rural samples. In the second part, which was an interview survey, habits such as thumb sucking (13 percent), not brushing their teeth (3 percent), and swallowing fluoride toothpaste (13 percent) were found among 369 children. In the third (a questionnaire) survey, a response rate of 63 per cent was obtained. Significantly more of the children with nursing bottle caries (78.6 percent) had the habit of sleeping with a feeding bottle than occurred in caries free children (25.6 percent), but there was no difference in the infant feeding pattern. The children with enamel defects were breast fed for a shorter period and had an earlier introduction to bottle feeding, compared with children without enamel defects. In the final part of the survey, an assessment of snack eating habits at school, a 58 percent response rate was achieved. The majority of children often brought healthier snacks, together with daily sugar-rich drinks. Significantly more caries free children brought sugary snacks less frequently than children with caries experience. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Lactente , Masculino , Cárie Dentária/prevenção & controle , Esmalte Dentário/anormalidades , Hábitos , Dente Decíduo/anormalidades , Fatores Etários , Antígua e Barbuda , Aleitamento Materno , Apoio Nutricional/efeitos adversos , Dente , Índice CPO , Sucção de Dedo , Fluoretos/análise , Comportamento Alimentar , Alimentos Infantis , Prevalência
8.
West Indian med. j ; 39(Suppl. 1): 19-20, Apr. 1990.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-5307

RESUMO

Supplementation programmes are used in many countries to reduce the prevalence of undernutrition. However, their effectiveness is uncertain. We have conducted a longitudinal study to determine the effects of nutritional supplementation with or without psychosocial stimulation on the growth of stunted children. Stunted (n = 128) and non-stunted (n = 32) children, aged 9-24 months, were recruited by house-to-house survey of poor areas of Kingston. Stunted children were randomly assigned to four groups: control, nutritional supplementation (1 kg whole milk powder/week providing 750 kcals and 20 gm protein daily), stimulation (structured play sessions) and both interventions. All groups were visited weekly. Length, weight, head (HC) and arm (AC) circumferences, and triceps (TSF) and subscapular (SSF) skinfolds were measured on enrollment and 6 and 12 months later. Multiple regression analysis was used to determine the increases in the measurements attributable to supplementation (Table). The partial regression coefficient B, represents the difference between supplemented and non-supplemented groups controlling for age, sex, initial status and several socioeconomic variables. Supplemented children had significantly increased length, weight, HC and TSF in the first six months. There were no significant effects in the second six months. Weight-for-age and height-for age were increased but not weight-for-height. There was no effect of stimulation and no interaction between the interventions. The timing of the response to supplementation may have implications for the design of future interventions (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Lactente , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição do Lactente , Desenvolvimento Infantil , Crescimento , Transtornos da Nutrição do Lactente/psicologia , Apoio Nutricional , Alimentos Fortificados
10.
Bahama Med ; 1(3): 14-15, Mar. - Apr. 1985. ilus
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-3468
12.
J Trop Pediatr ; 29(5): 255-9, Oct. 1983.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-3004

RESUMO

A 24-hour qualitative dietary recall survey of the children of 1,155 women of lower socio-economic clas in Kinshasa, Zaire was performed. Over 80 percent were still breast fed at 13 months of age and 50 percent at 16 months. Bottle feeding was seen in less than 40 percent of any age group and was rare after 14 months. Bottle feeding was accompanied by breast feeding approximately 90 percent of the time and was not found to be statistically associated with the cessation of breast feeding. Other dietary patterns are described.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Criança , Lactente , Gravidez , Comportamento Alimentar , Inquéritos sobre Dietas , Nutrição da Criança , Aleitamento Materno , Apoio Nutricional , África/epidemiologia , Transtornos da Nutrição Infantil/dietoterapia , Transtornos da Nutrição do Lactente/dietoterapia
16.
Internat J Health Services ; 12(1): 53-75, 1982. tab
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-2619

RESUMO

A survey to examine the extent to which infant food advertising could be shown measurably to influence infant feeding practice was carried out in S. Vincent in the eastern Caribbean. A questionaire was administered to mothers of about 200 children one to two uears old, nearly a complete sample in each of two towns. Infant food advertising was found to be uncommon. The typical infant feeding pattern, largely a combination of both breast and bottle feeding, had existed for decades. Despite the fact that this was not a very appropriate setting for such a study, and that there were a number of methodological constraints, the results of two multiple regression analyses suggested that the more a mother was influenced by infant food advertising, the sooner she began to bottle feed and the sooner she stopped breastfeeding. The cessation of all promotion of commercial infant foods to the public as well as to health professionals, is called for. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Lactente , Publicidade , Apoio Nutricional/psicologia , Aleitamento Materno
17.
West Indian med. j ; 30(1): 8-16, Mar. 1981.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-11360

RESUMO

Surveys of one to two-year old children in two towns in St. Vincent in 1975 found that there may have been a slight decline in breastfeeding since the late 1960s. Although lactation failure was rare, supplementary bottle feeding was usually begun during the early weeks of life. Sevrage, the complete cessation of breastfeeding, occurred by seven months of age for half of the children in the sample. One of the major factors leading to early sevrage was probably the introduction of bottle feeding. This may operate through an earlier return of fertility post-partum (and thus "pregnancy" as the reason for weaning), or because the sweet, easily-drained bottle is preferable to the breast for the infant (and thus the baby "weans himself"). While many of the factors influencing current infant feeding practices are now largely of historical interest, such as slavery, others are currently amenable to intervention. These include poor health and nutritional status of mothers, inappropriate advice given by health professionals, and the advertising and promotion of infant foods by their manufacturers and sales persons (AU)


Assuntos
Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Aleitamento Materno , Alimentos Infantis , Apoio Nutricional , Inquéritos Epidemiológicos , São Vicente e Granadinas
18.
In. Caribbean Association of Nutritionists and Dietitians. Proceedings of the Inaugural Meeting of the Caribbean Association of Nutritionists and Dietitians. Port of Spain, s.n, 1981. p.58-61.
Monografia em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-2583
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