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1.
In. Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies. 23rd Annual Student Research Day. Port of Sapin, Faculty of Medical Sciences,The University of the West Indies, October 14, 2021. .
Não convencional em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: biblio-1341969

RESUMO

Synthetic medication is being overprescribed, resulting in adverse complications linked to major public health issues such as antimicrobial resistance, drug dependency, and the current opioid crisis. According to the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, this global burden of overuse of synthetic accounts for the heaviest burden of disease attributable to drug use disorders. In 2015, with almost 12 million disability-adjusted life year (DALYs), or 70% of the global burden of disease attributable to opioid addiction. With suitable alternatives available, peptide-based drugs will help to reduce the global burden, appease the patient preference of naturally derived medication and ensure safer patient usage.


Assuntos
Humanos , Peptídeos/uso terapêutico , Produtos Biológicos/uso terapêutico , Bahamas , Trinidad e Tobago , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Saúde Pública , Inquéritos e Questionários
2.
In. Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies. 23rd Annual Student Research Day. Port of Sapin, Faculty of Medical Sciences,The University of the West Indies, October 14, 2021. .
Não convencional em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: biblio-1352879

RESUMO

• Vaccines prevent and control public health outbreaks through creating antibodies . • As of July 3rd, 2021, 105,586 persons were vaccinated with two doses. • Available vaccines at the time, were AstraZeneca (viral vector) and Sinopharm (inactivated vaccines). • The Covid-19 vaccine must be utilized for herd immunity to occur to prevent strains in the health system in Trinidad and Tobago.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Universidades/estatística & dados numéricos , Vacinas contra Influenza/uso terapêutico , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Vacinas contra COVID-19/uso terapêutico , Estudantes/estatística & dados numéricos , Trinidad e Tobago , Inquéritos e Questionários
3.
Port of Sapin; Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies; 2019.
Não convencional em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: biblio-1357517

RESUMO

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to identify the use of Instagram both prior to and during an undergraduate oral radiology course at The University of the West Indies and to ascertain the perceived impact of Instagram as an educational tool on the course's teaching and learning. Method: A private Instagram account was created in 2017 for use in the fourth-year oral radiology course. Subjects included 30 dental students registered for the year long course. One dental radiograph was posted per week with associated questions. A piloted and previously tested questionnaire modified to our study was administered and statistically analyzed. Results: 24 (80%) students completed the research questionnaire. 8 (33%) students indicated that they did not have an Instagram account prior to the study. 14 (61%) students agreed and 9 (39%) students strongly agreed that the radiographic posts and discussions generated throughout the course of the study were helpful. Conclusion: The findings revealed in this study were that the use of Instagram in the oral radiology course was helpful to the students and most reported that they would enjoy the use of this platform in other courses.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Radiologia/educação , Estudantes de Odontologia , Educação em Odontologia/métodos , Mídias Sociais , Ensino , Trinidad e Tobago , Inquéritos e Questionários , Aprendizagem
4.
Tese em Inglês | LILACS, MedCarib | ID: biblio-907047

RESUMO

This was a mixed-methods study aimed to comprehensively assess factors associated with mosquito control in Belmopan, Belize, in order to better inform stakeholders on the effectiveness of their efforts. A knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions (KAP) survey was employed within the four target communities of San Martin, Salvapan, Maya Mopan, and Las Flores. Additional epidemiological and entomological data was provided by relevant stakeholders. A total of 228 households were surveyed among the four target communities. Only 1/3 of respondents were able to demonstrate proficient knowledge. Knowledge was attained mostly through TV, Ministry of Health, hospital, and radio sources. Over 90% of respondents believed that mosquitos and the diseases they carry were a real issue for the community. Respondents living in Salvapan and Las Flores were more likely to have contracted Dengue Fever, Malaria, Chikungunya, or Zika than in other areas. Fan usage and regularly cleaning the yard were the two most employed practices for preventing mosquito bites and breeding. Approximately 85% of those surveyed viewed insecticide spraying to be effective. This assessment provides valuable insight into the needs of at- risk communities in regards to vector control. An increased focus on community outreach, education, and behavioral change can greatly impact the effectiveness of current vector control efforts. Stakeholders must work together and pool resources in order to effectively employ control interventions. Continued evaluation and community involvement is necessary to control mosquitos and prevent disease outbreaks...(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Controle de Mosquitos/métodos , Dengue/prevenção & controle , Febre de Chikungunya , Infecção por Zika virus , Malária/prevenção & controle , Belize/epidemiologia , Educação em Saúde , Inquéritos e Questionários , Mosquitos Vetores
5.
Port of Sapin; Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies; 2017.
Não convencional em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: biblio-1357512

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to identify the current standards of radiologic practice in Trinidad and Tobago in relation to international ionizing radiation regulations with respect to dentistry. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A 32-point questionnaire that was previously tested was administered to 55 dentists who practice in different regions of Trinidad. The survey aimed to gather information on demographic factors, types of radiographic equipment, techniques and processing and radiation protection measures. RESULTS: The majority of dentists (61.8%) were not aware of the technical details of their equipment. Thirty- three dentists did not know the kVp of their machines and 17 dentists were not aware of the intraoral film speed that they utilize. Of the respondents, 85.5% used rounded collimators. The most common technique for periapical radiography was the paralleling technique (64%). Many respondents own panoramic X-ray units, but the majority of them (90.9%) did not take panoramic radiographs on all patients regardless of the dentists working environment. This was proven to be statistically significant (P<0.05). All dentists reportedly used some form of radiation protection, but only 8 respondents properly disposed of their radiographic waste by incineration. Lead aprons were utilized by 65.5% of respondents. CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate that current radiological practices utilized by dentists in Trinidad and Tobago need improvement in some areas and there is a dire need for the development of national ionizing radiation guidelines specific to dentistry if best practice is to be maintained.


Assuntos
Humanos , Radiação , Odontólogos/educação , Odontologia Geral/educação , Proteção Radiológica , Radiografia , Projetos Piloto , Inquéritos e Questionários
6.
Belmopan; s.n; 2016. 43 p. tab, maps.
Tese em Inglês | LILACS, MedCarib | ID: biblio-906934

RESUMO

Dengue, a mosquito-borne disease is a major health concern worldwide. The Belize Ministry of Health mosquito control strategies include fumigating, distributing bed nets, conducting educational campaign, among other activities. The educational campaign, specifically, aims to increase both the source reduction of mosquito breeding sites and the protective behavior against mosquito bites. To understand the relationship between educational campaign and the mosquito preventative practices, a Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) survey was conducted in two marginal areas of Belmopan that were considered high risk areas for dengue by the Ministry of Health. The two marginal areas were selected through stratified sampling according to their socio-economic status and within each area the houses were then randomly selected and questions pertaining to their knowledge, attitude and preventative practices for dengue were asked. By analyzing the relationship between demographic background, knowledge, attitude, and practice using bivariate analysis the results demonstrated that although the knowledge of dengue did not have a significant impact on the preventative practice of individuals, their attitudes had. Forty-eight percent of individuals who were considered to have a high concern towards dengue were practicing preventative and protective measures against mosquitos. We conclude that more educational programs should focus on increasing the concern towards dengue along with awareness and encouragement of conducting mosquito source reduction.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Dengue/prevenção & controle , Classe Social , Belize , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Controle de Mosquitos , Educação em Saúde , Inquéritos e Questionários , Programas Governamentais/educação
7.
BMC family practice ; 11(26): [1-21], Mar. 2010. tab
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-17709

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: To determine the prevalence of abuse by their partners and its association with mental disorders among female patients at walk-in clinics in Trinidad. METHODS: Female participants from 16 randomly selected walk-in clinics, previously stratified to represent all administrative regions and urban and rural settings, who were 18 years or older, were surveyed during May to August 2007 using the WAST-Short and PRIME-MD questionnaires. RESULTS: 432 women participated (a 92% response rate), Of these 16% were aged 20-29, 11.8% 30-39 and 19% 40-49; 37% were married, 25% single; 44.7% were Indo- and 35% Afro-Trinidadian; 67.8% had achieved education up to age 14 only. 30.3% were employed and 3.0% reported incomes more than $5,001 TTD (Trinidad and Tobago Dollars) per month. Forty percent (173) of all respondents were positive for abuse as scored by the WAST-Short scale. Chi-square analysis suggested associations (p < 0.05) between abuse and age, employment status, being in a current relationship, and having the desire to cut down on alcohol intake. Further there were associations between abuse and the presence of depression, suicidal ideation, post-traumatic stress disorder and somatization as determined by the PRIME-MD scale. Logistic regression showed that the statistically significant (p < 0.05) predictors of woman abuse were age less than 49, wanting to cut down on alcohol use and currently being in a relationship. CONCLUSION: Among women of primarily lower socioeconomic status who attend walk-in clinics in Trinidad abuse as measured by the WAST-Short scale is high and there are statistically significant associations with mental disorders as determined by the PRIME-MD scale.


Assuntos
Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Fatores Etários , Instituições de Assistência Ambulatorial , Distribuição de Qui-Quadrado , Estudos Transversais , Transtornos Mentais/epidemiologia , Modelos Logísticos , Inquéritos e Questionários , Maus-Tratos Conjugais/psicologia , Maus-Tratos Conjugais/estatística & dados numéricos , Trinidad e Tobago/epidemiologia , Saúde da Mulher
8.
Bone ; 43(1): 156-161, Jul. 2008. tabgraf
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-17700

RESUMO

Population dynamics predict a drastic growth in the number of older minority women, and resultant increases in the number of fractures. Low bone mineral density (BMD) is an important risk factor for fracture. Many studies have identified the lifestyle and health-related factors that correlate with BMD in Whites. Few studies have focused on non-Whites. The objective of the current analyses is to examine the lifestyle, anthropometric and health-related factors that are correlated with BMD in a population based cohort of Caribbean women of West African ancestry. We enrolled 340 postmenopausal women residing on the Caribbean Island of Tobago. Participants completed a questionnaire and had anthropometric measures taken. Hip BMD was measured by DXA. We estimated volumetric BMD by calculating bone mineral apparent density (BMAD). BMD was >10% and >25% higher across all age groups in Tobagonian women compared to US non-Hispanic Black and White women, respectively. In multiple linear regression models, 35-36% of the variability in femoral neck and total hip BMD respectively was predicted. Each 16-kg (one standard deviation (SD)) increase in weight was associated with 5% higher BMD; and weight explained over 10% of the variability of BMD. Each 8-year (1 SD) increase in age was associated with 5% lower BMD. Current use of both thiazide diuretics and oral hypoglycemic medication were associated with 4-5% higher BMD. For femoral neck BMAD, 26% of the variability was explained by a multiple linear regression model. Current statin use was associated with 5% higher BMAD and a history of breast feeding or coronary heart disease was associated with 1-1.5% of higher BMAD. In conclusion, African Caribbean women have the highest BMD on a population level reported to date for women. This may reflect low European admixture. Correlates of BMD among Caribbean women of West African ancestry were similar to those reported for U.S. Black and White women.


Assuntos
Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Humanos , Feminino , Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't , Densidade Óssea , Inquéritos Epidemiológicos , Estilo de Vida , Pós-Menopausa , Inquéritos e Questionários , Trinidad e Tobago/epidemiologia , Saúde da Mulher , População Negra , Osteoporose Pós-Menopausa
9.
West Indian veterinary journal ; 7(2): 72-74, Dec. 2007.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-17362

RESUMO

Of fifty randomly selected residents of St. Kitts surveyed (22 questions), 42 percent owned dogs and 12 percent had cats. Most residents (54 percent) liked cats mainly because they were friendly and provided companionship, but also because they removed vermin. Thirty eight percent disliked cats principally because cats fouled the environment or damaged furniture. Although most people (48 percent) knew cats were associated with human diseases (mainly allergies and asthma), 38 percent were unsure. Most respondents (52 percent) observed feral cats around their homes and thr majority (73 percent) thought there were not too many feral cats on St. Kitts.


Assuntos
Gatos , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Gatos/microbiologia , Inquéritos e Questionários , São Cristóvão e Névis
10.
Arthritis research & therapy ; 9(6): [1-11], 2007. tab
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-17702

RESUMO

The objective of the study was to examine pregnancy outcomes in women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and population controls in Trinidad. We performed a cross-sectional analysis of adverse outcomes in pregnancies of Afro-Caribbean women with SLE and without SLE. One hundred and twenty-two female adult cases of SLE and 203 neighbourhood age-matched women without SLE were interviewed concerning details of their reproductive history, and the anticardiolipin antibody (ACL) status was established for women with SLE. A total of 1,029 pregnancies were reported (356 by women with SLE, 673 by women without SLE). In women with > or = 1 pregnancy the total number of pregnancies was similar in women with a diagnosis of SLE and women without; however, a lower proportion of women with SLE had ever been pregnant compared with women without SLE (80% versus 91%, P = 0.002). In multivariate logistic regression analyses adjusted for maternal age, district of residence, pregnancy order and smoking, SLE pregnancies were more than twice as likely to end in foetal death than non-SLE pregnancies (odds ratio (OR), 2.4; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.2-4.7). This effect was driven by a large increase in the odds of stillbirth (OR, 8.5; 95% CI, 2.5-28.8). The odds of early miscarriage (OR, 1.4; 95% CI, 0.6-3.1) and of mid-trimester miscarriage (OR, 1.9; 95% CI, 0.4-9.5) were higher, but were not statistically significantly different, in SLE pregnancies than in non-SLE pregnancies. The odds of ectopic pregnancy (OR, 7.5; 95% CI, 0.9-62.5) and of preterm birth (OR, 3.4; 95% CI, 1.2-10.0) were higher in SLE pregnancies conceived after diagnosis than in non-SLE pregnancies. There was no evidence of raised levels of IgG or IgM ACL among the majority (93/97 women, 96%) of SLE cases who reported sporadic mid-trimester miscarriage or stillbirth, although there was evidence of high levels of IgM and IgG ACL among women reporting three or more miscarriages and three consecutive miscarriages, and of raised IgG ACL among those experiencing ectopic pregnancy. In conclusion, we found evidence for a large increase in risk of stillbirth in the pregnancies of Afro-Caribbean Trinidadian women with SLE (not accounted for by high ACL status). There was some evidence of an increased risk of preterm delivery and ectopic pregnancy in pregnancies conceived after a diagnosis of maternal SLE.


Assuntos
Gravidez , Recém-Nascido , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Humanos , Feminino , Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't , Aborto Espontâneo/epidemiologia , África/etnologia , Anticorpos Anticardiolipina/sangue , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Estudos Transversais , Morte Fetal/epidemiologia , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/complicações , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/imunologia , Complicações na Gravidez/epidemiologia , Complicações na Gravidez/imunologia , Resultado da Gravidez , Inquéritos e Questionários , Fatores de Risco , Trinidad e Tobago/epidemiologia
11.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-17659

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: The objective was to determine faculty's knowledge of electronic resources, access to a computer, use of electronic resources (both number and frequency) available at the Medical Sciences Library (MSL), and the areas of training needed and to identify areas for further research. METHODS: A survey was administered to faculty in medicine, pharmacy, dentistry, and veterinary sciences at The University of the West Indies. The questions covered computer literacy, computer access and location, knowledge and use of electronic resources, and training needs. RESULTS: The response rate was 70%, of whom 97% were computer users. Seventy-three percent used computers daily, and 82% felt that their computer literacy level was average or beyond. Overall, it was found that faculty had high awareness of the electronic resources made available by the MSL but low use of MSL-specific resources supporting the suggested problem of underutilization. Many respondents felt that e-resources were important, and, though many felt that they were competent users, 83% were self-taught and many still expressed a need for training. Over 60% felt that a workshop with a hands-on component was the preferred format for training. It was recommended that there be greater promotion of the library's e-resources.


Assuntos
Adolescente , Adulto , Humanos , Atitude Frente aos Computadores , Alfabetização Digital , Capacitação de Usuário de Computador/normas , Docentes de Medicina/estatística & dados numéricos , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Sistemas On-Line/normas , Inquéritos e Questionários , Trinidad e Tobago
12.
Journal of dental education ; 66(9): 1021-1030, Sep. 2002. tab
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-17764

RESUMO

The aim of this study was to investigate sources of stress and psychological disturbance in dental students across the five years of undergraduate study at a dental school in Trinidad. Eighty-three percent of students completed a modified version of the Dental Environment Stress questionnaire (DES) and the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI). On a scale ranging from 0 (not stressful) to 5 (highly stressful), overall mean DES scores for each of the five years of study were 1.58, 1.83, 2.65, 2.39, and 2.61 respectively, suggesting that levels of stress increase over the five years with a noticeable spike at the transition between the preclinical and clinical phases. Significant differences were found between specific stressors across the five years of study. Seven specific stressors and the stressor domains of Academic work and Clinical factors were more stressful for female students (t-test p < 0.05). The Global Severity Index of the BSI indicated that 54.8 percent of males and 44.2 percent of females were in the clinical range indicating significant psychological disturbance. Psychological disturbance was significantly associated with stress levels for male students (Spearmans rank correlation r = 0.56; p < 0.001), but not generally for female students. Further development is needed of dental educational programs that enhance students' psychosocial well-being.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Análise de Variância , Inquéritos e Questionários , Fatores Sexuais , Meio Social , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Estresse Psicológico/etiologia , Estudantes de Odontologia/psicologia , Trinidad e Tobago
13.
Am J Trop Med Hyg ; 65(4): 318-24, Oct. 2001. maps, tab
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-50

RESUMO

Hepaptits is common in the Stann Creek District of Southern Belize to determine the etiologies, incidence and potential risk factors for acute jaundice, we conducted active surveillance for cases. Cases of jaundice diagnosed by a physician within the previous 6 weeks were enrolled. Evaluation included a questionnaire and laboratory tests for Hepatitis A, B. C, D, and E, a blood film for malaria, and a serologic test for syphilis. Etiologies of jaundice among 62 evaluable patients included acute hepatitis A, 6 (9.7 percent), acute hepatitis B, 49 (79.0 percent) hepatitis non-A-E, 2 (3.2 percent), and malaria, 5 (8.1 percent). There were no cases of acute hepatitis E. One patient each with antibody to hepatitis C and D were detected. The annualized incidence of hepatitis A was 0.26 per 1000. All cases of hepatitis A were in children 4-16 years of age. The annualized incidence of hepatitis B, 2.17 per 1000, was highest in adults aged 15-44 years (4.4 per 1000) and was higher in men (36 cases; 3.09 per 1000) than women (13 cases; 1.19 per 1000). Four (31 percent) of the women with hepatitis B were pregnant. The annualized incidence was significantly higher in Mestizo (6.18 per 10000 and Maya (6.79 per 1000) than Garifuna (0.38 per 1000) or Creole (0.36 per 1000). Persons with Hepatitis B were significantly more likely to be born outside of Belize (82 percent), had been in Belize < 5 years (73 percent), and lived and worked in rural areas (96 percent) than was the general population. Of those o 14 years of age with Hepatitis B, only 36 percent were married. Few persons admitted to transfusions, tattoos, IV drug use, multiple sexual partners, visiting prostitutes, or sexually transmitted diseases. Only 1 of 49 had a reactive test for syphilis. Six patients were hospitalized (including 3 with acute hepatitis B and one with Hepatitis A), and none to our knowledge died. Acute hepatitis B is the most common cause of viral hepatitis in the Stann Creek District, but the modes of transmission remain obscure. Infants, women attending prenatal clinics, and new workers are potential targets for immunization with Hepatitis B vaccine. (AU)


Assuntos
Adulto , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Gravidez , Adolescente , Hepatite/epidemiologia , Icterícia/diagnóstico , Belize/epidemiologia , Hepatite/etiologia , Hepatite/imunologia , Hepatite B/epidemiologia , Hepatite B/imunologia , Hepatite B/prevenção & controle , Vacinas contra Hepatite B , Icterícia/etiologia , Malária/complicações , Malária/epidemiologia , Doença Aguda , Vigilância da População , Testes Sorológicos , Inquéritos e Questionários , Transmissão de Doença Infecciosa/prevenção & controle
14.
West Indian med. j ; 50(2): 159-63, Jun. 2001.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-339

RESUMO

The desire for peri-operative information has been examined in patients from other countries. This study was undertaken to assess the peri-operative information needs in Jamaican patients and to compare them to those from other populations. A questionnaire examining the desire for information about impending anaesthesia was administered to 93 patients awaiting elective surgery at the University Hospital of the West Indies. Responses were assessed across age and gender, and were compared to results from five industrialized countries. Although Jamaican patients expressed a desire for information concerning anaesthesia and surgery, they did not regard it as their right to get information, and this was the most important factor in the Jamaican sample providing a significantly less positive response than patients from other nations (p < 0.01 versus each country). Information priority was given to practical aspects of anaesthesia and post-operative outcome - morbility, pain and the consumption of food and drink. Meeting the anesthetist was high on the list of desires. Female patients were 1.9 (Confidence Interval 1.4, 2.5) times more likely to express a positive desire for information. There were no age-related differences.(Au)


Assuntos
Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido , Educação de Pacientes como Assunto , Defesa do Paciente , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Eletivos , Anestesia Geral , Jamaica , Pacientes/psicologia , Inquéritos e Questionários
15.
West Indian med. j ; 50(2): 155-8, Jun. 2001.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-340

RESUMO

A questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices of a sample of 218 outpatients attending the Port of Spain General Hospital Gynaec Outpatient Clinic. The questionnaire investigated women's knowledge of menopause, risks and benefits of Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT), their attitudes concerning HRT and menopause as well as practices of postmenopausal women with respect to HRT. Comparisons were made between women of differing menopausal status, educational background and ethnicity. The results showed that overall knowledge was lacking regardless of menopausal status, ethnicity or educational background. Less educated women were more inclined to believe that HRT was inappropriate prinicpally because they regarded the menopause as a natural process (p = 0.023). Only 24 percent of postmenopausal women were practicing some from of HRT. A minority (7 percent) had previously been undergoing the therapy but had stopped. Most postmenopausal women (69 percent) simply never considered treatment because the majority had never heard about HRT. The main source of patient information was from the clinic they were attending. This study reveals low awareness of menopausal information and therapeutic options in a Trinidadian population. A targeted education programme may substantially fill this void.(Au)


Assuntos
Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Estudo Comparativo , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Terapia de Reposição Hormonal , Menopausa , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Trinidad e Tobago , Escolaridade , Ambulatório Hospitalar , Inquéritos e Questionários
16.
West Indian med. j ; 50(1): 69-71, Mar. 2001.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-315

RESUMO

As part of a recent trend among faculties in educational institutions to review and upgrade their courses and teaching methods, the Department of Pathology introduced a questionnaire for assesment of the pathology clerkship experience by the medical students. This was to be completed at the end of their rotation. An elevation of the results of an entire class indicates that, for the most part, the responses were positive with 82 per cent considering the experience to be of great benefit and 17 per cent of reasonable benefit. The responses were generally more favorable to Anatomical Pathology and Haematology than to Chemical Pathology. The study identified areas where modifications in teaching could be considered, and ways to improve the questionnaire, making it more useful for future assesments. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Estágio Clínico/normas , Patologia Clínica/educação , Avaliação de Programas e Projetos de Saúde , Inquéritos e Questionários , Estudantes de Medicina , Currículo
17.
West Indian med. j ; 50(1): 66-8, Mar. 2001. tab
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-316

RESUMO

At the University of the West Indies, Cave Hill campus, the Freedman and Bernstein musculoskeletal competency examination was administered to 22 medical students during the last month of their final year. Eighty two percent (82 percent) of the students failed to score above the passing score of 73.1 percent. Nineteen of the twenty-two students had taken an orthopaedic elective or rotation during their final two years. The questions were also categorized as anatomy, Trauma and general Orthopaedics. All students failed to score above the passing score in Anatomy. Sixty-four per cent (64 per cent) failed in general Orthopaedics. This study suggests that inadequacies in medical school preparation do exist at this campus of the University of the West Indies and the findings mirror those at medical schools in the United States of America. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Educação Médica/normas , Doenças Musculoesqueléticas , Ortopedia/educação , Faculdades de Medicina/normas , Avaliação de Programas e Projetos de Saúde , Estudo de Avaliação , Avaliação Educacional/métodos , Avaliação Educacional/normas , Avaliação Educacional/estatística & dados numéricos , Inquéritos e Questionários , Índias Ocidentais
18.
West Indian Med. J ; 49(4): 331-6, Dec. 2000. tab
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-452

RESUMO

We investigated the prevalence of the use of herbs among adults and children in Jamaica in 1996. Two concurrent surveys were conducted in randomly selected urban and rural area; among the adults and among caretakers of young children. From over 90 percent of the selected households, all caretakers of children under 6 years and one randomly selected adult (18 years or older) were interviewed using structured questionnaires. The 457 adults reportedly used 156 types of herbs: a mean of 6ñ3 (mean ñ standard deviation) by the urban adults, and 10ñ6 by the rural adults (t-test, p < 0.001). Almost 100 percent of respondents had at some time used herbs for teas or for treating illnesses. The most common methods of preparation was by infusion or boiling in water, then adding sugar. Urban respondents, women and those who were employed were more likely to buy medicines than to use herbal remedies. One hundred and sixty-seven caretakers of 203 children under 6 years were interviewed. The mean number of herbs given to each child was between 2 and 3. The most common herbs were introduced within the first 6 months of life. Many caretakers factors were associated with herbal use. Public health implications include the potential toxicity of some herbs, the possibilty that herbal teas given to young children may displace more nutritious foods and delay presentation to health care facilities. The findings will allow policy makers to target those most likely to use herbal preparations or to give them to young children, and target herbs to be analyzed for toxic or beneficial properties.(Au)


Assuntos
Adulto , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Lactente , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Adolescente , Bebidas/estatística & dados numéricos , Medicina Herbária , Bebidas/estatística & dados numéricos , Cuidadores/psicologia , Cuidadores/educação , Coleta de Dados , Jamaica , Prevalência , Inquéritos e Questionários , Distribuição Aleatória , Características de Residência , Fatores Socioeconômicos
19.
West Indian Med. J ; 49(4): 327-30, Dec. 2000.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-453

RESUMO

The prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases (STD) and risky behaviour patterns were studied in 165 adolescents attending a STD clinic in Jamaica. A standardised structured questionnaire, clinical algorithms for STD and serological tests for HIV and syphilitic infection were applied. High prevalences of risky behaviour including young age at onset of sexual activity, especially in boys, (mean age 12.5 ñ 2.5 years); unprotected sexual intercourse (only 4 percent used condoms consistently); multiple sexual partners (mean 3.8 ñ 2.4 and 1.8 ñ 1.2 for boys and girls, respectively were found. Marijuana, used by 60 percent of the boys, was an independent risk factor for dysuria (adjusted Odds Ratio (OR), 2.0; 95 prcent CI, 1.6 - 3.4). Repeated episodes of STD (33 percent), coinfection with HIV (1.2 percent), syphilis (1.2 percent) and teenage pregnancy (13 percent) were prominent findings. Educational strategies which promote behaviour intervention at an early age, frequent and consistent use of condoms, abstinence or delayed onset of sexual activity are essential to reducing the HIV/AIDS and STD risk in adolescents in Jamaica.(Au)


Assuntos
Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Gravidez , Adolescente , Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis/epidemiologia , Comportamento Sexual/estatística & dados numéricos , Comportamento do Adolescente , Assunção de Riscos , Educação Sexual/métodos , Fatores Sexuais , Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis/prevenção & controle , Jamaica/epidemiologia , Prevalência , Inquéritos e Questionários
20.
West Indian Med. J ; 49(4): 307-11, Dec. 2000. tab
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-456

RESUMO

The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of a six-month structured education programme on blood pressure (BP) control in patients with uncontrolled hypertension. All patients attending the Specialist Hypertension Clinic, University Hospital of the West Indies (UHWI), between January 4 and March 29, 1999, with blood pressure >140/90 mmHg (n=80), were randomly divided into Group 1, cases (n=42) and Group 2, controls (n=38). A 40-item pretested questionnaire, administered at the baseline and final visits of both groups, elicited demographic, lifestyles and knowledge data. Group 1 attending monthly structured interventions for six months. Except for diastolic blood pressure among male controls, disatolic blood pressure and systolic blood pressure were significantly reduced at the end of the intervention period (p < 0.01). Knowledge improved among the male patients (p < 0.01). Among the female patients, acitivity scores were significantly increased (p < 0.01), weight ( p < 0.05) and BMI (p < 0.05) were significantly reduced. There were no differences in these variables among the controls. This intervention had a benefit in blood pressure control.(Au)


Assuntos
Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Hipertensão/terapia , Educação de Pacientes como Assunto/métodos , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Estilo de Vida , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Projetos Piloto , Avaliação de Programas e Projetos de Saúde , Inquéritos e Questionários , Fatores Sexuais , Fatores de Tempo
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