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1.
West Indian med. j ; 65(Supp. 3): [43], 2016.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-18125

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To examine the magnitude of mercury pollution of the aquatic environment in Suriname, to demonstrate that most mercury contamination originates from small-scale gold mining and to show the adverse health effects of mercury exposure in human population of the interior. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: In geographically dispersed locations across Suriname, bottom sediment and fish were analysed for mercury. To demonstrate the anthropogenic source of the mercury, core samples in flood plains were analysed to determine the pattern of mercury levels with depth. Mercury exposure was documented in five village communities through dietary surveys and hair analysis. RESULTS: Both bottom sediments and predatory fish were often above international norms in most areas of Suriname, including outside the mining area. All samples taken at marine mud flats were low in mercury. Core samples from coastal flood plains showed decreasing levels of mercury with depth. Mercury levels in the human population were elevated, but on average below the US Environmental Protection Agency Benchmark Dose. The highest levels occurred in a village upstream of any gold mining, isolated from access to other parts of the country. CONCLUSIONS: Most of Suriname is polluted with mercury, directly resulting from unsafe small-scale gold mining practices, or indirectly through water or wind deposition. The pattern of mercury in core samples demonstrates the anthropogenic source of the mercury. Villagers in the interior of Suriname show elevated levels of mercury, levels depending on the amount of local fish consumed and therefore on the degree of isolation of the village.


Assuntos
Humanos , Resumo de Reunião , Saúde da Família , Contaminação de Alimentos , Mineração , Intoxicação por Mercúrio , Suriname
2.
Food microbiology ; 22(6): 601-607, 2005.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-17569

RESUMO

A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence and characteristics of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus spp. and Salmonella spp. in "bara", "channa", condiments/spices and ready-to-eat "doubles" sold by vendors in the St. George and Caroni counties of Trinidad. Of 196 samples of each of "bara", "channa", condiments/spices and ready-to-eat "doubles" examined, E. coli was detected in 0 (0.0 per cent), 14 (7.1 per cent), 96 (49.0 per cent) and 67 (34.2 per cent), respectively; Staphylococci were isolated from 104 (53.1 per cent), 71 (36.2 per cent), 129 (65.8 per cent) and 123 (62.8 per cent) samples, respectively; and Bacillus spp. were recovered from 22 (11.2 per cent), 85 (43.4 per cent), 100 (51.0 per cent) and 88 (44.9 per cent) samples, respectively. Salmonella spp. were not isolated from any sample. Of the 177 isolates of E. coli recovered from all sources, 9 (5.1 per cent), 7 (4.0 per cent) and 47 (26.6 per cent) were mucoid, haemolytic and non-sorbitol fermenters (NSF), respectively, but none agglutinated with O157 antiserum. Of 427 staphylococcal isolates, 130 (30.4 per cent) were confirmed as S. aureus of which 20 (15.4 per cent) were haemolytic and 84 (64.6 per cent) pigmented, while 17 (20.7 per cent) of 82 strains of S. aureus tested produced enterotoxins. Ready-to-eat "doubles", a popular food in Trinidad, therefore pose a potential health risk to consumers due to the high level of contamination with bacteria.


Assuntos
Humanos , Microbiologia de Alimentos/normas , Trinidad e Tobago/epidemiologia , Contaminação de Alimentos/estatística & dados numéricos
3.
Mona; s.n; Nov. 2001. i, 82 p. ilus, maps, tab, gra.
Tese em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-17164

RESUMO

Food safety is to be of great concern today. It is because our evolving food chain has created new safety problems that didn't exist years ago. While these changes have been developing, the food service industry has been growing in size. Surveys show a continuing trend for consumers to eat more and more away from home. All of these changes have increased the chances for contamination and abuse of the foods. These changes and new directions affecting the food service industry underscore the need for a vigorous programme to combat new and existing emerging microbiological problems in the sanitary management of food service. To satisy the study, a total of three-hundred-(300) questionnaires were administered with an effective rate of return of two hundred and twenty eight (228) or 76 percent. Six key informants representing universities, public sector, and interest groups concerned with food safety issues were interviewed. The study revealed that the majority of employees in the food-service establishments were young females, most of whom had at least secondary level education. The analysis showed that the great majority of food handlers had a valid food handlers health certificate. An overwhelming majority ninety-four percent was very concerned about food safety. Ninety-five percent of the respondents said they would not go to work if they had an illness. However, only fifty-eight percent understood the term food-borne illness. Most respondents were not knowledgeable about the correct time-temperature control in food preparation and service. The respondents showed positive attitude towards food safety issue. Relationships that were significant were: 1. Concern about food safety and length of stay (p=0.26) 2. Food Handlers Permit by age group (p=.000) 3. Food Handlers Permit by Gender (p=0.35) 4. Food suspected to contribute to food borne illnesses (p=.000) 5. Knowledge of the proper practices in food preparation & age group (p=.0006) (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Manipulação de Alimentos/métodos , Manipulação de Alimentos/normas , Jamaica , Serviços de Alimentação/normas , Restaurantes/normas , Higiene dos Alimentos , Região do Caribe , Contaminação de Alimentos
4.
Kingston; s.n; 2000. 80 p. ilus, maps, tab.
Tese em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-493

RESUMO

Rodent infestation in New Kingston poses a serious threat to food safety and to the health of patrons who consume food prepared in restaurants there. This study sought to determine the level of rodent infestation in restaurants in New Kingston as well as the knowledge, attitudes and practices of managers and staff in relation to rodent control. A sample of 27 restaurants was selected. Inspections were carried out at each restaurants and a questionnaire was administered to managers and staff members. The results showed that 13.6 percent of the restaurants were infested with rats while 63.6 percent of the restaurants were not rodents proof. Refuse storage outside restaurants was generally unsatisfactory. Respondents from the local restaurants exhibited more in-depth knowledge about rodents than their counterparts in restaurants affiliated to overseas food chains. There was a significant association between the category of restaurant and the knowledge of respondents with respect to the difference between rats and mice. The attitude of respondents to rodent control was generally positive. The study concluded that the proliferation of rodents in New Kingston could lead to food contamination in restaurants. There is need for education of staff, improved solid waste management and more effective rodent control measures in restaurants and other premises in New Kingston.(Au)


Assuntos
Camundongos , 21003 , Controle de Roedores/tendências , Restaurantes/normas , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Jamaica , Contaminação de Alimentos/prevenção & controle , Amostragem
5.
Mona; s.n; Oct. 1999. ii,78 p. ilus, maps, tab, gra.
Tese em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-17211

RESUMO

Household food safety poses a major challenge not only to the preparers of food but to public health and other food regulatory authorities. Studies have shown that family home rank high in the list of places where foodbourne disease are acquired and transmitted. To describe the knowledge, attitude, practices and perception of householders in North Central Saint Andrew one hundred and ten householders, eighteen years and over, were interviewed during January and March, 1999. The study, cross-sectional in design, included respondents who were randomly selected from three distinct socio-economic classes. Four key informants representing public sector and non-government organizations involved with food safety programmes were interviewed to explore additional ways of strengthening household food safety. The survey found that householders were very concerned about the food they purchased for preparation at home; displayed strong concerns about sanitation of food handling establishments; food handlers practices and the appearance of the foods purchased. There was significant gender difference in the concern for the appearance of food (X squared = 4.45; p<0.05). There were no other significant gender differences for the major concerns when purchasing food (p>0.05). Respondents adopted varying actions to improve food safety at home. Ninety-eight percent of respondents never contacted the Local Health Department or the Ministry of Health as part of their information seeking opportunity regarding food safety. The lifetime prevalence of food-borne illness was found to be approximately 46 percent. Diarrhoea, stomach pain, vomiting and nausea were the major symptoms reported. Milk/yogurt/ice cream, beef, chicken, pork and fish/shellfish were the main food items implicated as being associated with the foodborne illness. Respondents gave a low rating to Government departments/agencies for their contribution to the food safety efforts. While respondents reported a fairly high knowledge of safe food handling practices ... Most respondents had average or fair attitude concerning food safety. ... A properly designed and executed household food safety public education campaign; inclusion of safe handling instructions on raw meats, poultry and fish/shellfish and the operation of a food safety hotline are suggested as additional methods of enhancing household food safety (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Manipulação de Alimentos/normas , Contaminação de Alimentos/prevenção & controle , Higiene/normas , Conhecimento , Doença/etiologia , Doenças Transmitidas por Alimentos/prevenção & controle , Jamaica , Região do Caribe
6.
J AOAC Int ; 82(4): 991-5, July-Aug. 1999.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-1324

RESUMO

The twin-island state of Trinidad and Tobago produces much of the fresh fruit and vegetables consumed locally, although some are exported to Europe and North America. On average, approximately 1500 tons of pesticides are imported annually, of which about 10-15 percent are organophosphates. A survey of local farmers revealed that a wide range of pesticides are used and that the same pesticides are used on several crops to control different pests. Application rates exceeding manufacturers' recommendations are also common, as is the disregard of recommended preharvest intervals after pesticide application. Paredial larceny and subsequent sale of freshly sprayed crops also contribute to the risks posed to consumers by pesticide residues. A market basket survey of produce conducted between October 1996 and May 1997 in Trinidad for organophosphate pesticide showed that 10 percent of produce exceeded the internationally acceptable maximum residue limits (MRLs) for the respective pesticides. Celery constituted 6.5 percent of all such samples, with over 83 percent of celery samples exceeding the MRL. Organophosphate pesticides detected were methamidophos, triazophos, prophenofos, diazinon, ethion, pirimiphos methyl, malathion, and dimethoate, with the first 4 comprehensive monitoring and control of pesticides on produce by local regulatory agencies, especially because the above data relate only to one class of pesticides. The education of farmers on safe operating practices regarding pesticide application and observation of recommended preharvest intervals for applied pesticide is also required.(AU)


Assuntos
Contaminação de Alimentos , Inseticidas Organofosforados/análise , Cromatografia Gasosa-Espectrometria de Massas/métodos , Resíduos de Praguicidas/análise , Plantas/química , Cromatografia Gasosa/métodos , Trinidad e Tobago
7.
Mona; s.n; May 1999. ii,76 p. ilus, maps, tab.
Tese em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-17216

RESUMO

Meat production at the Kingston and St. Andrew and Orchard Farm Abattoir is undertaken under grossly unsatisfactory conditions. Extensive microbial contamination could have adverse implications for the health of consumers of meat produced at the abattoirs. This study sought to determine the microbial quality and safety of the carcasses produced at the abattoirs as well as the knowledge, attitude and practice of abattoir workers with respect to sanitary slaughter and processing of animals. Samples were taken from approximately 25 percent bovine and porcine carcasses produced at the abattoir over a two-week period. Laboratory analyses were performed on these samples to determine the coliform count, E. coli count and the prescene of salmonella. The condition under which slaughtering took place was observed. Informal interviewers with butchers to determine their knowledge, attitude and practice with respect to sanitary slaughter were also conducted. The results showed extensive contamination of the carcasses produced. The E.coli count on carcasses, fell well outside acceptable standards. The presence of Salmonella also fell outside the limits of acceptable standards at one of the abattoirs. The presence of salmonella was detected on meat from the other abattoir though within acceptable limits. Poorly maintained facilities and equipment and lack of aseptic technique in processing and the use of untreated water in the abattoir were factors which impacted on the quality of meat produced. The study concluded that the meat produced at the Kingston and St. Andrew and Orchard Farm abattoirs places consumers at risk of contracting food borne disease. There were no significant differences between quality and safety of meat produced at the two establishments. There is need for effective quality control systems to be established in the abattoirs with a view to correcting process defects and ultimatelly reduce the levels of contamination of the carcass (AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Carne/microbiologia , Carne/normas , Contaminação de Alimentos/prevenção & controle , Higiene dos Alimentos/normas , Jamaica , Região do Caribe
8.
West Indian med. j ; 47(Suppl. 4): 20-1, Dec. 1998.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-1304

RESUMO

The volcano on Montserrat, after being dormant for over 400 years, has been active for the past two years, last erupting on 27 June, 1997. With the capital, Plymouth, in the unsafe zone, major dislocation of people, facilities and services has occurred. The Health Department is splintered over five sites across an eight mile span and the temporary 30 bed hospital, sited at a primary school, is separated from its Casualty and Out-patient Department and Operating Theatre by 0.25 mile. In order to maintain continuity of care for communities, efforts have been made to keep evacuated clients and their community health workers as close together as possible. The mass emigration has depleted the health services, creating severe stress for those remaining. Elderly relatives have frequently been left behind, necessitating the establishment of special geriatric care facilities to cater to their needs. Increased and continuous health surveillance and mass media education have been integral to the prevention of major disease outbreak - particularly with added challenges to food safety, and management of liquid and solid waste disposal. Cooperation from neighbouring states, particularly Antigua, Barbados and Guadeloupe, as well as from the United Kingdom, has been critical in the management of the continuing crisis.(Au)


Assuntos
Idoso , Humanos , Atenção à Saúde , Erupções Vulcânicas , Serviços de Saúde Comunitária/organização & administração , Continuidade da Assistência ao Paciente , Surtos de Doenças/prevenção & controle , Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência/organização & administração , Contaminação de Alimentos , Educação em Saúde , Serviços de Saúde para Idosos/organização & administração , Vigilância da População , Administração em Saúde Pública , Saneamento/classificação , Índias Ocidentais , Salas Cirúrgicas/organização & administração , Ambulatório Hospitalar/organização & administração
9.
West Indian med. j ; 47(2): 50-3, Jun. 1998.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-1802

RESUMO

The aim of this study was to determine whether the contents of farm eggs in Trinidad are contaminated with Salmonella and if transovarian transmission occurs. 750 fresh eggs from 10 farms supplying 75 percent of the country's eggs were cultured for Salmonella. Salmonella was found on the egg shells' surface from all farms, and in the egg contents from three farms. Isolates were obtained from the cultures of the contents and shells of nine (1.2 percent) and 35 (4.66 percent) eggs, respectively (p<0.005). Serotypes found in the contents were S. enteritidis (0.8 percent; deduced to be contaminated by transovarian transmission) were S. typhimurium (0.4 percent); those isolated from the shells (contaminated by faecal transmission) were S. typhimurium (3.06 percent), S. enteritidis (0.67 percent), S. ohio (0.27 percent), S. cerro (0.27 percent) S. infantis (0.27 percent) and S. heidelberg (0.13 percent). This study provides the first evidence for Salmonella and more, importantly, S. enteritidis, in eggs in Trinidad. This is of major public health significance because S. enteritidis infected eggs appear normal and the organism is difficult to detect and control. The consumption of these eggs may increase the risk of Salmonella infection. Food safety practices, particularly the thorough cooking (>70 degree census) of all egg dishes and the refrigeration (<10 degree census) of shell eggs and egg dishes, are recommended.(AU)


Assuntos
Infecções por Salmonella/transmissão , Infecções por Salmonella/epidemiologia , Ovos/microbiologia , Casca de Ovo/microbiologia , Contaminação de Alimentos , Microbiologia de Alimentos , Trinidad e Tobago/epidemiologia , Salmonella/isolamento & purificação
10.
West Indian med. j ; 46(Suppl. 2): 14, Apr. 1997.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-2339

RESUMO

The aim of this study was to determine whether farm eggs (contents and shells) in Trinidad are contaminated with Salmonella and to demonstrate if transovarian transmission occurs in these eggs. A total of 750 fresh eggs from 10 farms were cultured for Salmonella. The United States FDA Bacteriological Analytical Manual's Official Standard culture methods for Salmonella were used. Salmonella and S. enteritidis were detected in 9 of the 750 pooled eggshells' cultures, which has not been previously demonstrated in Trinidad. The spectrum of Salmonella serotypes isolated from the pooled egg contents were S. enteritidis (0.8 percent) and S. typhimurium (0.4 percent), and that isolated from the pooled eggshells was S. typhimurium (3.06 percent), S. enteritidis (0.67 percent), S. ohio, S. cerro, S. infantis (0.27 percent each) and S. heidelberg (0.13 percent). Salmonella was found in the egg contents of only three farms, but on the eggshells' surface from all 10 farms. This variation in isolation rate was found to be related to farm management and quality control practices. The contamination of the egg contents with S. enteritidis was deduced to be by the transovarian transmission process whilst S. typhimurium contamination of the egg contents was through faecal transmission. This study provides the first hard evidence for Salmonella and more importantly, S. enteritidis contamination of eggs, and demonstated transovarian transmission of S. enteritidis in eggs. This is of major public health significance since such eggs can be of grade A quality and widely consumed by unsuspecting consumers, resulting in salmonellosis. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , 21003 , Infecções por Salmonella/epidemiologia , Ovos , Salmonella enteritidis , Trinidad e Tobago , Infecções por Salmonella/transmissão , Contaminação de Alimentos
11.
In. Anon. Health conditions in the Caribbean. Washington, D.C, Pan American Health Organisation, 1997. p.288-312, tab.
Monografia em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-554
14.
West Indian med. j ; 45(Supl. 2): 35, Apr. 1996.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-4603

RESUMO

Over a six-year period, January 1990 to October 1995, 7,578 samples of cooked food were apparently randomly obtained from the countries and boroughs of Trinidad, and also in Tobago, by Public Health Inspectors. These were then submitted to the Trinidad Public Health Laboratory for analysis. These samples were analyzed using standard microbiological assays. Two thousand six hundred and fifty-two (35 percent) of these samples were deemed microbiologically unsafe as they failed to meet laboratory criteria for cooked foods. The spectrum of pathogens isolated included, predominantly, Klebsiella Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas and Staphylococcus aureus. There were also isolates of Salmonellae, Proteus spp. and Shigella. Data analysis using Geographic Information System Technology showed where all data collected was linked to cartographic maps after being automated. This was then overlaid to show the relation between the areas of high, moderate and low incidence of food contamination leading to food-borne illnesses. Several regions showed a high incidence of food contamination. This technology was seen as a valuable epidemiological and planning tool which aided in determining areas where preventive measures and manpower resources could be deployed to ensure that safe food is served to the nation (AU)


Assuntos
Contaminação de Alimentos , Microbiologia de Alimentos , Trinidad e Tobago
15.
Kingston; s.n; 1996. 67 p. tab.
Tese em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-2954

RESUMO

During recent years surveillance has assumed greater importance in the prevention and control of imported diseases. The increasing numbers of infectionsand the emergence of new diseases gives rise to increases of selected specific factors known to be associated with these infections. International movement of foods is increasing in the Caribbean region hence the need for continuous scutiny of the factors that determine the occurence and distribution of diseases. International cooperation is needed in avoiding low quality products and in dealing with re-shipment of rejected foodstuffs. A survey was done amongst a total of 146 workers consisting of 35 sanitation workers, 66 cold storage strippers and 45 public health inspectors. Information was sought in order to assess the level of surveillance of imported meats and factors that impact on the prevention and control of foodbourne diseases. Sanitation was generally satisfactory at both ports. It was found that the mean practice scores of all categories of workers were greater than their mean knowledge scores at both ports. Mean knowledge scores for cold storage strippers were less than 60 percent at both ports. The regular cleaning and maintenance of the ports ensure a safe environment and assist in prevention of contamination. This does not mean that safety is assured as the port is an ideal place for the harbourage of rats and insects pests. The low knowledge scores of cold storage strippers may be the result of not having any formal training in the handling and storage of meats. Surveillance of meats through inspection should be accompanied by regular sampling. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adulto , Idoso , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Masculino , Produtos da Carne/efeitos adversos , Contaminação de Alimentos/prevenção & controle , Inspeção de Alimentos , Higiene dos Alimentos , Região do Caribe/epidemiologia , Categorias de Trabalhadores , Jamaica , Saneamento
16.
West Indian med. j ; 44(Suppl. 2): 35, Apr. 1995.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-5751

RESUMO

The food called "doubles" is a sandwich made of two seasoned fried wheat flour skins (bara) enclosing curried channa (chick pea) embellished with mango chutney and pepper sauce. It is sold throughout Trinidad and Tobago as a popular snack food. Over the 5-year period, January 1990 to October 1994, 627 doubles samples apparently randomly obtained from the 9 counties of Trinidad and Tobago by Public Health Inspectors were submitted to the Trinidad Public Health Laboratory for analysis. Samples were analyzed, using standard microbiological tests. Criteria used to classify food as unsafe were: (1) a total bacterial count exceeding 1.0 x 10[5] CFU/gram; (2) a total coliform count > 1.0 x 10 [3] CFU/gram; (3) presence of faecal coliform in 1 gram; (4) Staphylococcus aureus in 0.01 gram and (5) Salmonella in 20 grams. Two hundred and fifty (40 percent) of these samples were deemed unsafe as they failed to meet the laboratory criteria for cooked foods. County Caroni had the highest percentage of unsafe samples (64/90 or 71 percent). Klebsiella was the dominant faecal coliform isolated. Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas were also isolated from the doubles samples deemed unsafe. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from six samples during 1990 and 1991. There were no isolates of Salmonellae or Shigella. From the data analyzed, a definite public health problem is indicated by the high percentages of unsafe doubles in four counties, i.e., Caroni, St. George East, Victoria, and St. Patrick. The need for added stringent measures in relation to hygenic practices by itinerant vendors is clearly indicated (AU)


Assuntos
Contaminação de Alimentos , Higiene dos Alimentos , Trinidad e Tobago , Staphylococcus aureus , Enterobacteriaceae , Salmonella
18.
West Indian med. j ; 42(Suppl. 1): 45, Apr. 1993.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-5119

RESUMO

An outbreak of cholera occurred, beginning November 3, 1992 in Region 1 in the northwest of Guyana, initially centred around the town of Mabaruma. By November 17, 1992, 168 cases had occurred with 38 admissions and three deaths. The majority of cases were > 5 yrs. old with many of the most seriously affected being aged > 25 yrs. To determine likely means of transmission, an unmatched case-control study of 33 cases and 25 hospital-based controls was rapidly conducted. The main results for different exposures and protective factors are summarized in the Table given. These findings confirmed previous suspicions and were used to develop specific preventive messages for the preparation of food and use of water for drinking (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Adulto , Cólera/epidemiologia , Cólera/prevenção & controle , Contaminação de Alimentos , Guiana
19.
Plant Foods Hum Nutr ; 43(2): 105-14, Mar. 1993.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-8490

RESUMO

Protein quality of sorghum grains having 25, 50 and 75 percent infestation caused by mixed population of Trogoderma granarium Everts and Rhizopertha dominica Fabricius was biologically evaluated by rat growth and nitrogen balance studies. Feeding of diet containing insect infested sorghum grains (50 and 75 percent) resulted in marked decrease in food intake, protein intake, gain in body weight, food efficiency ratio, protein efficiency ratio, nitrogen consumption, nitrogen absorption, biological value, net protein utilization, dry matter digestibility, net protein retention and protein retention efficiency. These parameters showed negative association with insect infestation levels. However, 25 percent level of grain infestation did not affect these parameters significantly (AU)


Assuntos
Camundongos , Ratos , 21003 , Masculino , Besouros , Grão Comestível/análise , Contaminação de Alimentos , Proteínas de Plantas , Análise de Variância , Ingestão de Alimentos , Nitrogênio/urina , Valor Nutritivo , Proteínas de Plantas/metabolismo , Ratos Endogâmicos/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Aumento de Peso
20.
Plant Foods Hum Nutr ; 43(1): 45-54, Jan. 1993.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-8491

RESUMO

Total soluble sugar, reducing sugar, non-reducing sugar and starch contents of wheat, maize and sorghum grains were affected adversely at 25, 50 and 75 percent insect infestation caused by Trogoderma granarium Everts and Rhizopertha dominica Fabricius, separately and mixed population. R. dominica caused significant (P < 0.05) reduction in available carbohydrates at 50 and 75 percent. Mixture of both insect species caused intermediate losses. Storage of cereal grains up to 4 months resulted in substantial increase in sugars and decrease in starch content, but storage for a shorter period of time did not cause any significant changes in levels of carbohydrates (Summary)


Assuntos
21003 , Besouros/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Carboidratos/análise , Grão Comestível/análise , Contaminação de Alimentos , Conservação de Alimentos , Grão Comestível/parasitologia , Zea mays/análise , Zea mays/parasitologia , Amido/análise , Triticum/análise , Triticum/parasitologia
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