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1.
West Indian med. j ; 49(suppl.4): 24-5, Nov. 9, 2000.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-371

RESUMO

The potential of biotechnology to ameliorate the health problems in developing countries is closely related to the population growth rate verus the growth rate in medical assistance. World population continues to grow at 1.5 percent per annum and is projected to reach 8 billion by 2020 and 11 billion by 2050. Almost all this growth will occur in the already over-populated, poorer region of Asia, Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean, which are home to nearly 90 percent of the world population. Demands for food will double by the year 2025. A high proportion of the population of developing countries is facing malnutrition, infectious diseases, AIDS and other (re) emerging disease, and lacks resources for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Each country should finds its own way of overcoming these difficulties, emphasizing indigenous scientific development. Biotechnology lags behind in developing countries. There are few examples of local developments in medical biotechnology which have had great impact on the health of their population; the case of Cuba is a good example in this regard. In developed countries, there are hundreds of researhers working in molecular biology and biotechnology. Recombinant proteins, produced in bacteria, yeast and mammalian cells, are increasingly being used to produce new vaccines, drugs and diagnostic tests. Transgenic animals for pharmaceutical production and organ transplantation are in the pipeline. The Human Genome Project for diagnosing and predicting disease and disease susceptibility, with its possibilites for new ways to treat, cure, or even prevent thousands of disease, is close to completion. These are some examples of the enormous scientific achievements, fed by the revolution in communications and computer sciences, taking place in developed countries with strong economies and growing expenditure on health research. POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS: 1) The work of academic and non-academic organisations in developing countries must heighten the awareness of governments to biotechnology's application to health. 2) Greater commintment and contribution from international organisations. 3) Greater commitment and contribution from developed countries. 4) Strenghten south-south cooperation. 5) Increased commitment of the private sector in developing countries to the development of science and technology. 6) Greater attention from local governments to information technology.(Au)


Assuntos
Humanos , Saúde , Biotecnologia , Densidade Demográfica , Países em Desenvolvimento , Países Desenvolvidos
3.
St. George's; Grenada. Ministry of Finance; 1994. ix,66 p. tab.
Monografia em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-4944

RESUMO

Presents an outline of the status of the population of Grenada, including the main population/development concerns, the institutional mechanisms in place, and plans and programmes to incorporate population into the development planning process. Population growth is identified as the main stimulus and at times, an obstacle to economic growth. However, it is widely agreed that policy decisions should reflect a pragmatic approach in dealing with population/development issues. It is also recognised that higher population growth increases pressure on the provision of basic services, the use of space and natural resources, and the environment. The quality of human resources for development, is of equal importance, but can be hindered by significant population increases


Assuntos
Humanos , População , Características da População , Política Pública/tendências , Previsões Demográficas , Densidade Demográfica , Granada
5.
Am J Epidemiol ; 133(11): 1125-34, June 1, 1991.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-12561

RESUMO

An island-wide cohort of 13,260 Jamaicans who applied for food-handling licenses during 1985 and 1986 were tested for antibodies to human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I). Demographic and residence history data were linked to geographic measures of elevation, rainfall, crop-growing areas, population density, and additional measures of urbanization and correlated with HTLV-I antibody status. By logistic regression analysis (performed separately for men and women), men and women who currently resided at low elevation (ó1,000 ft (305 m)) were more likely to be HTLV-infected than were those residing at high elevation. Men, but not women, who were born in citrus-growing areas were more likely to be HTLV-I infected than were men who were born in other areas. By univariate analysis, there was a significant positive trend of increasing HTLV-I seroprevalence with increasing amount of annual rainfall associated with birthplace and primary residence areas. However, these associations did not remain in significance after adjusting for age and sex. These environmental associations raise the possibility of new modes of viral transmission or host response to infection, although they may simply be surrogates for socioeconomic status, breast-feeding habits, or sexual behaviour, which are known determinants of HTLV-I zero prevalence. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Criança , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Masculino , Feminino , Vírus Linfotrópico T Tipo 1 Humano/isolamento & purificação , Anticorpos Anti-HTLV-I/análise , Densidade Demográfica , Altitude , Ecologia , Vírus Linfotrópico T Tipo 1 Humano/imunologia , Infecções por HTLV-I/epidemiologia , Infecções por HTLV-I/imunologia , Jamaica/epidemiologia , Chuva , Análise de Regressão
6.
Ethn Dis ; 1(4): 368-78, 1991.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-9581

RESUMO

This essay describes the rich tradition of research in the English-speaking Caribbean and the possibilities for meaningful colloboration between Caribbean researchers and scientists from developed countries. Significant contributions includes work related to the human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV-I), Jamaican vomiting sickness, veno-occlusive disease of the liver, J-type diabetes, and the role of skin sepsis and streptococcal infection in the etiology of glomerulonephritis. In the fields of malnutrition, human metabolism, child development, and sickle cell anemia, the Caribbean has been at the forefront of medical research internationally. Many characteristics of the Caribbean population including the disease profile, offer advantages and unique opportunities for significant research, despite difficulties related to the "brain drain" and weaknesses of the infrastructure. (Au)


Assuntos
Humanos , Cooperação Internacional , Pesquisa/organização & administração , Academias e Institutos , Prioridades em Saúde , Morbidade , Densidade Demográfica , Pesquisa/normas , Índias Ocidentais , Características Culturais , Ética Médica
8.
People ; 12(4): 12-3, 1985.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-9303

RESUMO

The 13 Commonwealth countries which make up the Caribbean Common Market, or CARICOM, are home to more than 5 million people at varying stages of development. They present a unique picture of what future population trends might be according to various assumptions about emigration and fertility. (AU)


Assuntos
Crescimento Demográfico , Densidade Demográfica , Emigração e Imigração/tendências , Taxa de Fecundidade , Controle da População/tendências , Índias Ocidentais
9.
Washington, D.C; Population Reference Bureau; Apr. 1984. 16 p. ills, tab.(PRB Occasional Series: The Caribbean).
Monografia em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-4947

RESUMO

Analyses the population structure and characteristics from as far back as 1844 when the first census was taken at which time 29,650 persons were enumerated. An overview of the population structure from 1844-1921 suggests a combination of rising fertility and falling mortality which led to a high rate of natural increase. Between 1921 and 1946 the population grew by 30,132 persons. Later, however, the fall in both fertility and motality led to a fall in the rate of natural increase in the 1960's and 1970's which was further aggravated by heavy migration. Projections for the future are made based upon a number of scenarios which juxtaposed the three demographic variables: fertility, mortality and migration. Concludes that if present demographic behaviour is uncurtailed, population growth will end, and even if net migration declines, growth should not be an insurmountable problem


Assuntos
Características da População , Crescimento Demográfico , Previsões Demográficas , Densidade Demográfica , Granada
10.
Bull Entomol Res ; 69: 87-91, 1979.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-8781

RESUMO

A study was made of the seasonal variation in population density of larvae of Boophilus microplus (Can.) in four locations in Jamaican pastures where the mean annual precipitation ranged from 59 to 222 cm. Variations in popualation density were related to rainfall. Generally, four months of heavy rains in August to November preceded singnificant increases in B. microplus populations in December to February, This was followed by a reduction then another slight increase, resulting in a bimodal pattern of activity. Although populations fell to very low levels by the end of the dry season, only in one focus were they depleted to undetectable levels.(AU)


Assuntos
21003 , Estações do Ano , Densidade Demográfica , Carrapatos , Jamaica , Chuva
11.
Bull World Health Organ ; 52(3): 267-72, 1975.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-13171

RESUMO

A total of 6360 mud samples were obtained, in 62 collections made with an exhaustive sampling device, from banana drains of the West Indian island of St. Lucia during fortnightly samplings over a 2«-year period. Analysis of counts of the snail Biomphalaria glabrata from these samples showed that this species had a contagious distribution. This finding is consistent with other evidence that banana drains from a rigorous habitat for B. glabrata. Its distribution was more contagious than that of Oncomelania quadrasi in certain Philippine habitats and several species of aquatic snail counts for standard statistical techniques was z=x0.287 but the more convenient cube root transformation is probably adequate. However, if too few snails are collected (15 or fewer per 100 samples) or if the frequency distribution of snail counts is discontinuous, with too many widely separated high frequency counts, neither transformation will be entirely satisfactory.(AU)


Assuntos
21003 , Biomphalaria , Vetores de Doenças , Ecologia , Densidade Demográfica , Schistosoma mansoni , Santa Lúcia
12.
Am J Trop Med Hyg ; 17(2): 269-75, Mar. 1968.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-12445

RESUMO

An introduction has been given to the principal vertebrates of Bush Bush Forest, which include 59 species of mammal (32 of bat), 171 species of bird , 27 species of reptile, 7 species of amphibian, and an undetermined number of fish. Special attention was paid to the population dynamics, longevity, and range of small forest rodents. During the study years the populations of small rodents declined almost to the point of disappearence. (AU)


Assuntos
Ratos , 21003 , Arbovírus , Vertebrados , Anfíbios , Haplorrinos , Aves , Ecologia , Peixes , Longevidade , Gambás , Densidade Demográfica , Répteis , Roedores , Sciuridae , Trinidad e Tobago
13.
14.
Paramaribo; Radhakishun & Co N.V; 1959. 65p tab.
Monografia em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-2206

RESUMO

This report starts by discussing the population, size and characteristics of Suriname. The living circumstances are also discussed, namely: housing; sanitary and health conditions; education and incomes. Also discusses the mortality, fertility, marriage, labour force and migration. There appears to be a need for future research. A statistical index is given at the end


Assuntos
Humanos , Resumo em Inglês , Estatísticas Vitais , Características da População , Densidade Demográfica , Suriname/epidemiologia , Níveis de Atenção à Saúde , Qualidade de Vida
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