Региональная техническая консультация с участием государств-членов относительно рабочего документа для разработки Плана действий (на 2022–2030 гг.) по эффективной реализации Глобальной стратегии сокращения вредного употребления алкоголя как приоритетной задачи общественного здравоохранения: виртуальное совещание, 25–26 марта 2021 г. Отчет о совещании

Алкоголь представляет собой одну из наиболее серьезных проблем для Европейского региона ВОЗ, в котором наблюдается самый высокий в мире уровень потребления алкоголя, что приводит к огромному ущербу. Из 3 млн смертей, ежегодно относимых на счет алкоголя во всем мире, 1 млн приходится на Европейский регион ВОЗ. В данном отчете кратко излагаются основные выводы регионального технического консультативного совещания государств-членов в Европейском регионе ВОЗ, которое состоялось 25 и 26 марта 2021 г. для обсуждения рабочего документа для разработки Плана действий (на 2022–2030 гг.) по эффективной реализации Глобальной стратегии сокращения вредного употребления алкоголя как приоритетной задачи общественного здравоохранения. В виртуальной консультации приняли участие 43 государства-члена.

Regional technical consultation with member states on the working document for development of the action plan (2022–2030) to effectively implement the global strategy to reduce the harmful use of alcohol as a public health priority: virtual meeting, 25–26 March 2021: meeting report

Alcohol poses one of the biggest challenges for the WHO European Region, which has globally the highest levels of drinking, which result in enormous harm. Of the 3 million alcohol-attributable deaths globally every year, almost 1 million occur in the WHO European Region. This report summarizes key findings from a regional technical consultation meeting of Member States of the WHO European Region, which took place on 25 and 26 March 2021 to discuss the working document for development of the Action plan (2022–2030) to effectively implement the Global strategy to reduce the harmful use of alcohol as a public health priority. A total of 43 Member States participated in the virtual consultation.

Инициатива SAFER: сделать Европейский регион ВОЗ более безопасным. Успехи в реализации политики в отношении контроля над алкогольной продукцией, 2010–2019 гг.

В данном докладе на основании имеющихся данных за 2010, 2016 и 2019 гг. представлена текущая ситуация в отношении потребления алкоголя, вреда, обусловленного потреблением алкоголя, и осуществления мер контроля над алкогольной продукцией в Европейском регионе ВОЗ. Представлен детальный обзор ситуации в области осуществления мер политики в отношении алкоголя, описанных в рамках 10 направлений действий Европейского плана действий по сокращению вредного употребления алкоголя на 2012–2020 гг., в том числе представлен обзор текущего состояния реализации 5 направлений действий в рамках реализуемой под руководством ВОЗ инициативы SAFER: (1) (Strengthen) – усилить ограничения доступности алкоголя; (2) (Advance) – продвигать и укреплять меры противодействия вождению в состоянии алкогольного опьянения; (3) (Facilitate) – облегчать доступ к скринингу, кратким вмешательствам и лечению; (4) (Enforce) – усиливать запреты или полные ограничения на рекламу, спонсорство и продвижение алкоголя; (5) (Raise) – повысить цены на алкогольную продукцию посредством акцизных сборов и мер ценовой политики. Наконец, в докладе анализируется прогресс в области реализации политики в период с 2016 по 2019 г. с использованием разработанных ВОЗ комбинированных показателей эффективности политики в отношении алкоголя, разработанных в целях оценки прогресса в ходе реализации вышеуказанных 10 направлений действий.

Making the WHO European Region SAFER: developments in alcohol control policies, 2010–2019

This report presents the current status of alcohol consumption, alcohol-attributable harms and the implementation of alcohol control policies in the WHO European Region, using available data from 2010, 2016 and 2019. A detailed overview is provided of the implementation of alcohol policies described in the 10 action areas of the European Action Plan to Reduce the Harmful Use of Alcohol 2012–2020 (EAPA), including the current status of implementation of the five action areas of the WHO-led SAFER initiative: (1) Strengthen restrictions on alcohol availability; (2) Advance and enforce drink–driving countermeasures; (3) Facilitate access to screening, brief interventions and treatment; (4) Enforce bans or comprehensiverestrictions on alcohol advertising, sponsorship and promotion; and (5) Raise prices on alcohol throughexcise taxes and pricing policies. Finally, the report analyses progress in policy implementation in theperiod 2016–2019, using the WHO alcohol policy composite indicators, which were developed to measure alcohol policy implementation in the 10 EAPA action areas.

Compendium of good practices in the health sector response to viral hepatitis in the WHO European Region

In line with implementation of the Action Plan for the Health Sector Response to Viral Hepatitis in the WHO European Region, the WHO Regional Ofce for Europe launched an ofcial call for good practices on viral hepatitis in May 2019. National health authorities, intraregional programmes, national technical focal points and programmes, civil society organizations (CSOs) and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) responding to viral hepatitis were invited to submit exemplary practices. The narratives were collected over six months from May to November 2019, compiled and evaluated against pre-defned criteria, and technically reviewed by WHO experts in the Regional Office. This compendium includes 34 practice examples from 18 Member States LQ the WHO European Region authored by various actors in the collective response to viral hepatitis, including government and national viral hepatitis programmes, academia, public health/research institutes and NGOs and CSOs.

European Region consultation on the implementation and achievements of the WHO European Action Plan to Reduce the Harmful Use of Alcohol 2012–2020

This report summarizes the outcomes of two consultation meetings convened by the WHO Regional Office for Europe with Member States and civil society organizations in order to revisit the implementation of the policy areas for action defined in the European Action Plan to Reduce the Harmful Use of Alcohol 2012–2020. Additional aims of the consultations included discussing achievements, identifying obstacles for implementation, and outlining the way forward. Areas with the lowest policy implementation were linked to pricing policies, marketing, availability of alcoholic beverages, reducing the negative consequences of drinking and alcohol intoxication and alcohol labelling. Conclusions highlight the need for a roadmap to strengthen policy areas with lower levels of implementation in order to guide Member States towards implementation.

Status report on alcohol consumption, harm and policy responses in 30 European countries 2019

Per capita alcohol consumption in the WHO European Region, including the European Union (EU), is the highest in the world, which results in proportionally higher levels of burden of disease attributable to alcohol use compared to other regions. While there have been welcome improvements in terms of overall mortality and alcohol-attributable mortality in EU+ countries (EU Member States, Norway and Switzerland), there was no statistically significant decline in total alcohol per capita consumption between 2010 and 2016, and the observed decreases in heavy episodic drinking seem to have come to a halt. Assessment of alcohol policies in the 10 areas defined in the European action plan to reduce the harmful use of alcohol 2012−2020 revealed huge variability across the countries, including the implementation of the three WHO “best buys” policy measures to reduce noncommunicable diseases related to alcohol. Countries scored relatively low on reducing the negative consequences of drinking and alcohol intoxication and very low in pricing policies, and scored generally high in the areas of leadership, awareness and commitment, drink–driving policies and countermeasures, and monitoring and surveillance. Further steps are needed to maintain reductions in alcohol-attributable harm, specifically in the implementation of evidence-based alcohol policies to decrease levels of per capita alcohol consumption and heavy episodic drinking.

Status report on alcohol consumption, harm and policy responses in 30 European countries 2019: data sources and methods

This resource provides information on data sources and methods used for the Status report on alcohol consumption, harm and policy responses in 30 European countries 2019. Per capita alcohol consumption in the WHO European Region, including the European Union (EU), is the highest in the world, which results in proportionally higher levels of burden of disease attributable to alcohol use compared to other regions. While there have been welcome improvements in terms of overall mortality and alcohol-attributable mortality in EU+ countries (EU Member States, Norway and Switzerland), there was no statistically significant decline in total alcohol per capita consumption between 2010 and 2016, and the observed decreases in heavy episodic drinking seem to have come to a halt. Assessment of alcohol policies in the 10 areas defined in the European action plan to reduce the harmful use of alcohol 2012−2020 revealed huge variability across the countries, including the implementation of the three WHO “best buys” policy measures to reduce noncommunicable diseases in related to alcohol. Countries scored relatively low on reducing the negative consequences of drinking and alcohol intoxication and very low in pricing policies, and scored generally high in the areas of leadership, awareness and commitment, drink–driving policies and countermeasures, and monitoring and surveillance. Further steps are needed to maintain reductions in alcohol-attributable harm, specifically in the implementation of evidence-based alcohol policies to decrease levels of per capita alcohol consumption and heavy episodic drinking.

Assessment of viral hepatitis in Kosovo: mission report: 25–28 March 2019

The first assessment of viral hepatitis in Kosovo took place in Pristina and Prizren, from 25 to 28 of March 2019. The objective of this mission was to: evaluate the existing structures for prevention, diagnosis, staging, treatment, continuum of care and control of viral hepatitis in the area; interview key stakeholders and collect reports from public health authorities and local facilities; and conduct situation analysis to provide recommendations for developing a strategic plan. The mission also aimed to identify opportunities for expansion of linkages and synergies between the HIV and hepatitis C responses. The mission comprised experts from the Joint Tuberculosis, HIV and Viral Hepatitis Programme (WHO Regional Office for Europe); the Community Development Fund; the Robert Koch Institute and the WHO Office, Pristina.

Salt intake reduction strategies in the Eastern Mediterranean Region

Background: The high burden of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), particularly cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), in countries of the Eastern Mediterranean Region requires an immediate public health attention. The World Health Organi-zation (WHO) has recommended salt reduction as a “best buy”, recognizing it as one of the most cost–effective approaches in preventing NCDs and reducing CVDs and medical costs.Aims: In the context of the global target to reduce salt intake by 30% by 2025, the objective of this review is to present an up-to-date overview of the current salt reduction initiatives in the Region by highlighting regional and national policies, strategies, and activities that aim at characterizing and/or reducing the intakes of dietary salt.Methods: This review details the WHO policies and strategies which address salt reduction in the WHO Eastern Medi-terranean Region.Results: The high intake levels of sodium in the countries of the Region are emphasized. The policies and strategies in place to address this situation are described, however, there is a need for more data on intake levels.Conclusions: There are a number of salt reduction initiatives currently being undertaken in the countries of the Region. The WHO should continue to play a key role in providing evidence-based tools for the planning, implementation, and surveillance of national salt reduction initiatives.

Contexte : La charge élevée des maladies non transmissibles (MNT), notamment des maladies cardio-vasculaires, dans les pays de la Région de la Méditerranée orientale requiert une attention immédiate de la part des acteurs en santé publique. L’Organisation mondiale de la Santé (OMS) a recommandé la réduction de l’apport en sel comme une des « options les plus rentables », reconnaissant par là-même que cette approche présente l’un des meilleurs rapports coût-efficacité en matière de prévention des MNT ainsi que de réduction des maladies cardio-vasculaires et des coûts médicaux.Objectifs : Dans le contexte de la cible mondiale consistant à réduire l’apport en sel de 30 % d’ici 2025, l’objectif de la présente analyse est de donner une vue d’ensemble actualisée des initiatives actuelles menées dans le but de réduire l’apport en sel dans la Région, en mettant en avant les politiques, stratégies et activités régionales et nationales qui visent à mesurer et/ou réduire l’apport en sel alimentaire.Méthodes : Cette analyse détaille les politiques et les stratégies de l’OMS qui s’attaquent à la question de la réduction de l’apport en sel dans la Région OMS de la Méditerranée orientale.Résultats : Les niveaux élevés de consommation de sodium dans les pays de la Région sont soulignés. Les politiques et stratégies en place pour faire face à cette situation ont été décrites. Néanmoins, il est nécessaire de recueillir davantage de données sur les niveaux de consommation.Conclusions : Un certain nombre d’initiatives pour la réduction de l’apport en sel sont actuellement mises en œuvre dans les pays de la Région. L’OMS doit continuer à jouer un rôle clé dans la mise à disposition d’outils reposant sur des bases factuelles en vue de la planification, de la mise en œuvre et de la surveillance d’initiatives nationales pour la réduction de l’apport en sel.