RESUMO
The effect of population growth and demographic transition on economic development has been well documented. The population growth in Iraqi Kurdistan is passing through a critical stage of demographic transition. It is, in fact, extremely likely that the region will fail to efficiently move through the demographic transition and will experience a long period in the demographic trap, i.e. the population will grow steadily and rapidly owing to the high fertility and low mortality rates. With correct government policies in terms of promoting family planning programmes, should the political context allow, demographic transition can pass smoothly through this critical stage. Furthermore, if demographic transition in Kurdistan moves to the next stage, it will provide an important window of opportunity for economic development. Proper exploitation of this demographic window through investment in education, on-the-job training and health services, in addition to proper and appropriate exploitation of economic resources and suitable and productive use of the labour force, will result in significant economic development over the next few decades
Assuntos
Crescimento Demográfico , Demografia , Dinâmica PopulacionalRESUMO
We carried out a cross-sectional survey to study the prevalence and the characteristics of current and former smoking among Omani adults. Crude prevalence of current smoking was 7.0% [males 13.4%, females 0.5%]; 2.3% were former smokers. The overall highest prevalence of current smoking [11.1%] was observed in those 40-49 years [18.7% of males, 0.9% of females]. Older age [>/= 40 years], higher educational level and larger family size were protective against smoking. Mean age for starting smoking was 18.7 years for males and 24.3 years for females. Although smoking prevalence is low in Oman, prevention should be addressed in health education programmes, with the emphasis on heightening awareness in adolescents. Government action, e.g. tobacco taxation, clean air laws and bans on advertising, is also recommended
Assuntos
Distribuição por Idade , Idoso , Estudos Transversais , Escolaridade , Características da Família , Educação em Saúde , Modelos Logísticos , Dinâmica Populacional , FumarRESUMO
Ten countries joined the previously 15-member European Union (EU15) on 1 May 2004, creating EU25. The health status of the population varies among the new members, and sometimes between them and EU15. Similarly, their health systems show different patterns of development. How does each of the new EU members compare in terms of health to the old members? This book offers a quick and easy way to grasp the essential features of health and health systems in the 10 newcomers. Each chapter provides a concise overview of key health indicators in 1 of the 10, compares these indicators to EU15 averages, summarizes the key aspects of the country’s health system and describes what it has achieved after a decade of health reform. This book is not a comprehensive in-depth study, but an easy guide to the knowledge available. It offers valuable reading for anyone who wants to have a quick, straightforward and accurate entry point to understanding health in the 10 new EU member states.
