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4.
Copenhagen; World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe; 2021. (WHO/EURO:2021-2593-42349-58635).
em Inglês | WHO IRIS | ID: who-341533

RESUMO

Ukrainian decentralization reform has increased and democratized local government responsibility for health care at the level of local government closest to communities and has increased regional and local government responsibility for public health. Decentralization affects health system reform in three important areas: health financing, individual health services and public health.Decentralization reforms changed local government organization, functions and financing, directly affecting delivery of (individual) health care services. However, the national Programme of Medical Guarantees (PMG) has re-centralized most health care financing since 2017, while most health facilities remain under local government ownership.Financing and delivery of public health services (encompassing disease prevention, health promotion and health protection) are now a mix of central and local government responsibility. The novel coronavirus disease 2019-nCoV (COVID-19 virus) pandemic outbreak presents national and local authorities with unparalleled public health challenges, with reforms ongoing and incomplete.


Assuntos
Ucrânia , Política de Saúde , Política , Serviços de Saúde , Saúde Pública
5.
Artigo em Inglês | WHO IRIS | ID: who-344946

RESUMO

The COVID-19 pandemic led to unprecedented challengesand political creativity worldwide. In governance, this often led to unexpected centralisation and decentralisation in response to case surges. Changes in the distribution of power and responsibility throughout governments changed quickly as the pandemic progressed. Centralisation and decentralisation occurred within governments and between governments, as power shifted. The main explanation for the patterns of centralisation and decentralisation is the politics of credit and blame. Politicians at all levels seek to centralise when there is credit to be had from forceful action and decentralise when there are unpopular policies or bad news coming.


Assuntos
Política , COVID-19 , Política de Saúde
8.
Copenhagen; World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe; 2019. (WHO/EURO:2019-3501-43260-60629).
em Inglês | WHO IRIS | ID: who-346218

RESUMO

This analytical report reviews and discusses the potential role and influence of political commitment in implementing endorsements and conducting policy in the field of tuberculosis (TB) prevention and care. It promotes discussion by comparing and analysing the extent to which selected international commitments, set out in declarations and other committal documents between 2000 and 2018, may have translated into sustainable action. This reflection is relevant and timely, as the United Nations high-level meeting (UNHLM) on TB recently took place, offering countries the opportunity to take stock of progress made, refocus efforts and step up global commitments to achieve the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal of eliminating TB by 2030. Literature identified in the context of developing this report recognizes the 2007 Berlin Declaration as a milestone in committing countries to multiply their TB prevention and care efforts, and underlines the key role of political commitment, good governance and accountability in achieving set targets to combat TB. The report offers definitions of these three ideas. To guide countries to a more systematic follow-up on their commitments, any future accountability framework, for example destined to facilitate the follow-up of the implementation of the declaration resulting from the recent TB UNHLM should be multisectoral, involving stakeholders across sectors, across borders and across illnesses. It should include existing tools and indicators but also present new monitoring and evaluating mechanisms that focus on the co-determinants of TB infection, allowing countries with different health-financing contexts and at different stages of economic growth to put them to use. Such a multisectoral accountability framework shall be user-friendly, as it is conceptualized to blend with existing country-level recording and reporting activities. Adequate feedback mechanisms at different levels, including national, regional and global, are suggested.


Assuntos
Tuberculose , Política , Cooperação Internacional , Avaliação de Programas e Projetos de Saúde , Europa (Continente)
14.
Ginebra; Organización Mundial de la Salud; 2016. (WHA69.18).
em Espanhol | WHO IRIS | ID: who-254599
15.
日内瓦; 世界卫生组织; 2016. (WHA69.18).
em Chinês | WHO IRIS | ID: who-254175
16.
日内瓦; 世界卫生组织; 2016. (A69/DIV./5).
em Chinês | WHO IRIS | ID: who-254151
17.
日内瓦; 世界卫生组织; 2016. (A69/57).
em Chinês | WHO IRIS | ID: who-254104
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