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2.
Brazzaville; Organização Mundial da Saúde. Escritório Regional para a África; 2022. (WHO/AF/EPR/EMR/09, 2022).
em Português | WHO IRIS | ID: who-359624
3.
Brazzaville; Organisation mondiale de la Santé. Bureau régional de l’Afrique; 2022. (WHO/AF/EPR/EMR/08, 2022).
em Francês | WHO IRIS | ID: who-359623
4.
Brazzaville; World Health Organization. Regional Office for Africa; 2022. (WHO/AF/EPR/EMR/05, 2022).
em Inglês | WHO IRIS | ID: who-357631
5.
East. Mediterr. health j ; 27(1): 90-95, 2021-01.
Artigo em Inglês | WHO IRIS | ID: who-352140

RESUMO

Background: The Islamic Republic of Iran is one of the most important endemic foci of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the world. Annually, a large number of Iranian Shia pilgrims travel to Iraq from this area in order to participate in one of their most important religious ceremonies. This trip has coincided with the seasonal activity of sand flies in recent years. So, cutaneous leishmaniasis could be a serious threat for pilgrims on these trips.Aims: To report cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis among Iranian Shia pilgrims attending a religious ceremony in Iraq during 2017.Methods: Sixteen patients were referred to our laboratory in the Department of Parasitology and Mycology at Qazvin University of Medical Sciences. Dermal scrapings and stained slides prepared of skin lesions were used to morphological diagnosis. DNA extraction and PCR amplification were optimized to identification of Leishmania species.Results: All of the patients were infected with cutaneous leishmaniasis in microscopic survey. L. major was detected by molecular approach. The number of lesions observed in patients were 1 (31%), 2 (25%), and ≥ 3 (44%).Conclusions: Since a large number of Shia Muslims participate in the annual religious ceremonies, serious measures must be taken to prevent the disease.


Assuntos
Leishmaniose , Leishmaniose Cutânea , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Viagem , Religião e Medicina , Leishmania , Psychodidae , Estações do Ano
6.
Копенгаген; Всемирная организация здравоохранения. Европейское региональное бюро; 2021. (WHO/EURO:2021-3246-43005-60758).
em Russo | WHO IRIS | ID: who-346166

RESUMO

Непрекращающаяся передача коронавирусной инфекции 2019 г. (COVID-19) внутри местных сообществ в большинстве государств-участников, принадлежащих к Европейскому региону ВОЗ, свидетельствует о том, что в предстоящем году пассажирские перевозки будут по-прежнему представлять собой значительную угрозу. Государствам-участникам следует принимать соответствующие меры по ограничению передачи SARS-CoV-2 – вируса, вызывающего COVID-19 – при международных пассажирских перевозках, понимая, что всеобъемлющий комплекс мер по защите общественного здоровья, приведенный в соответствие с местной эпидемиологической обстановкой и возможностями, может значительно снизить риск, но не способен обеспечить «нулевой уровень риска». Первоочередное внимание следует уделять поездкам по уважительным причинам, а риски, связанные с поездками при отсутствии уважительных причин, следует устранять в соответствии с рекомендациями ВОЗ, основанными на оценке риска. Цель данного механизма реализации – оказание поддержки государствам Европейского региона ВОЗ в принятии решений по мерам, касающимся международных пассажирских перевозок, в условиях постоянно меняющейся эпидемиологической обстановки в Регионе и ограниченных научных доказательств действенности мер. Этот механизм учитывает практику, тенденции и уроки, извлеченные в процессе введения за последний год ограничений на пассажирские перевозки, и предлагает согласованный подход посредством выделения руководящих принципов и соображений, критериев оценки риска и индикаторов в таких областях, как местные эпидемиологические характеристики в странах отправления и прибытия, потенциал и эффективность систем и служб здравоохранения, обстоятельства на местах и возможности пунктов въезда. Все это станет руководством для принятия решений по введению, повторному введению или ослаблению мер, связанных с международными пассажирскими перевозками.


Assuntos
COVID-19 , Surtos de Doenças , Betacoronavirus , Saúde Pública , Viagem
7.
Copenhagen; World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe; 2021. (WHO/EURO:2021-3246-43005-60136).
em Inglês | WHO IRIS | ID: who-346165

RESUMO

Continued community transmission of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in most Member States of the WHO European Region means that international travel will continue to pose a particular challenge in the coming year. Member States should take appropriate measures to reduce transmission of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, during international travel, recognizing that a comprehensive set of public health measures adapted to the local epidemiological context and capacities can mitigate the risk substantially but cannot achieve “zero risk”. Therefore, a risk-based approach to international travel is needed, which prioritizes essential travel. The aim of this operational framework is to support Member States of the WHO European Region in their decision-making options with regard to international travel measures in the context of the constantly changing epidemiological situation across the Region and limited scientific evidence on the effectiveness of measures. Taking into account the practices, trends and lessons learnt in implementing travel restrictions over the past year, the framework establishes a coordinated approach by outlining guiding principles and considerations, risk-assessment criteria and indicators in areas such as local epidemiology in departure and destination countries, public health and health service capacity and performance, contextual factors and point-of-entry capacity. This will guide decisions on introducing, reintroducing or easing international travel measures.


Assuntos
COVID-19 , Surtos de Doenças , Betacoronavirus , Saúde Pública , Viagem
8.
Manila; WHO Regional Office for the Western Pacific; 2020-07-04. (WPR/DSE/2020/022).
em Inglês | WHO IRIS | ID: who-333044

RESUMO

As COVID-19 case numbers are falling in the Western Pacific Region, countries and areas are considering to relaxing restrictions on people's movement, including at international borders. This guidance sets out key considerations for policy makers (at national and subnational level) to evaluate the possibility of re-opening borders as well as lifting travel restrictions, while minimizing the risk of COVID-19 importation and transmission.


Assuntos
Infecções por Coronavirus , Controle de Infecções , Surtos de Doenças , COVID-19 , Betacoronavirus , Controle de Doenças Transmissíveis , Viagem
16.
Geneva; World Health Organization; 2020. (WHO/2019-nCov/IHR_Ship_outbreak/2020.1).
em Inglês | WHO IRIS | ID: who-331164
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