Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 3 de 3
Filter
Add more filters










Database
Language
Publication year range
1.
J Nutr Educ Behav ; 49(8): 667-673.e1, 2017 09.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28889855

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To compare the consumption patterns and diet quality of foods and beverages obtained from various sources by food security status. DESIGN: Cross-sectional analysis of 2011-2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 4,789 adults (aged >19 years) with dietary intake and food security data. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The contribution of foods and beverages to energy, nutrients, and diet quality by locations where food was obtained was compared across food security status. ANALYSIS: Descriptive analysis and logistic regression. RESULTS: Almost all US adults consumed food and beverages obtained from grocery stores, regardless of food security status (about 95%), which accounted for one half to two thirds of total macronutrient intakes. The diet quality of foods from grocery stores was better in highly food-secure adults. Convenience stores are used most by very low food-secure adults; those foods had the poorest diet quality profile. Dietary patterns of marginally food-secure adults more closely resembled sources and intakes of low and very low food-secure adults. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Food-insecure adults use food sources differently, resulting in diet quality differences of foods and beverages obtained. Place-based interventions in the food environment may have differential effects by food security status.


Subject(s)
Beverages/statistics & numerical data , Diet/statistics & numerical data , Energy Intake , Food Supply/statistics & numerical data , Food/statistics & numerical data , Adult , Cross-Sectional Studies , Feeding Behavior , Humans , Nutrition Surveys , United States/epidemiology
2.
MMWR Recomm Rep ; 55(RR-14): 1-17; quiz CE1-4, 2006 Sep 22.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16988643

ABSTRACT

These recommendations for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing are intended for all health-care providers in the public and private sectors, including those working in hospital emergency departments, urgent care clinics, inpatient services, substance abuse treatment clinics, public health clinics, community clinics, correctional health-care facilities, and primary care settings. The recommendations address HIV testing in health-care settings only. They do not modify existing guidelines concerning HIV counseling, testing, and referral for persons at high risk for HIV who seek or receive HIV testing in nonclinical settings (e.g., community-based organizations, outreach settings, or mobile vans). The objectives of these recommendations are to increase HIV screening of patients, including pregnant women, in health-care settings; foster earlier detection of HIV infection; identify and counsel persons with unrecognized HIV infection and link them to clinical and prevention services; and further reduce perinatal transmission of HIV in the United States. These revised recommendations update previous recommendations for HIV testing in health-care settings and for screening of pregnant women (CDC. Recommendations for HIV testing services for inpatients and outpatients in acute-care hospital settings. MMWR 1993;42[No. RR-2]:1-10; CDC. Revised guidelines for HIV counseling, testing, and referral. MMWR 2001;50[No. RR-19]:1-62; and CDC. Revised recommendations for HIV screening of pregnant women. MMWR 2001;50[No. RR-19]:63-85). Major revisions from previously published guidelines are as follows: For patients in all health-care settings HIV screening is recommended for patients in all health-care settings after the patient is notified that testing will be performed unless the patient declines (opt-out screening). Persons at high risk for HIV infection should be screened for HIV at least annually. Separate written consent for HIV testing should not be required; general consent for medical care should be considered sufficient to encompass consent for HIV testing. Prevention counseling should not be required with HIV diagnostic testing or as part of HIV screening programs in health-care settings. For pregnant women HIV screening should be included in the routine panel of prenatal screening tests for all pregnant women. HIV screening is recommended after the patient is notified that testing will be performed unless the patient declines (opt-out screening). Separate written consent for HIV testing should not be required; general consent for medical care should be considered sufficient to encompass consent for HIV testing. Repeat screening in the third trimester is recommended in certain jurisdictions with elevated rates of HIV infection among pregnant women.


Subject(s)
AIDS Serodiagnosis/standards , HIV Infections/prevention & control , Adolescent , Adult , Diagnostic Tests, Routine/standards , Female , Health Facilities/standards , Health Policy , Humans , Male , Mass Screening/standards , Pregnancy , United States
3.
Mol Cell Biol ; 22(16): 5669-78, 2002 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12138179

ABSTRACT

DNA polymerase alpha-primase (pol-prim) is a heterotetramer with DNA polymerase and primase activities. The polymerase (p180) and primase (p48 and p58) subunits synthesize primers and extend them, but the function of the remaining subunit (p68) is poorly understood. Genetic studies in yeast suggested an essential role for the p68 ortholog in early S phase prior to the hydroxyurea-sensitive step, possibly a regulatory role in initiation of DNA replication, but found no evidence for an essential function of p68 later in S phase. To investigate whether the human p68 subunit has an essential role in DNA replication, we examined the ability of a purified trimeric human pol-prim lacking p68 to initiate simian virus 40 DNA replication in vitro and to synthesize and elongate primers on single-stranded DNA in the presence of T antigen and replication protein A (RPA). Both activities of trimeric pol-prim were defective, but activity was recovered upon addition of separately purified p68. Phosphorylation of p68 by cyclin A-dependent protein kinase also inhibited both activities of pol-prim. The data strongly suggest that the p68 subunit is required for priming activity of pol-prim in the presence of RPA and T antigen, both during initiation at the origin and during lagging strand replication.


Subject(s)
CDC2-CDC28 Kinases , DNA Polymerase I/metabolism , DNA Primase/metabolism , DNA Replication , Simian virus 40/genetics , Animals , Antigens, Polyomavirus Transforming/metabolism , Cyclin A/metabolism , Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2 , Cyclin-Dependent Kinases/metabolism , DNA Polymerase I/genetics , DNA Primase/genetics , Humans , Macromolecular Substances , Phosphorylation , Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism , Protein Structure, Quaternary , Protein Subunits , Recombinant Proteins/genetics , Recombinant Proteins/metabolism , Simian virus 40/immunology , Simian virus 40/physiology , Templates, Genetic , Virus Replication
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL
...