Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 20 de 56
Filtrar
1.
Nutrients ; 15(23)2023 Nov 23.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38068749

RESUMEN

Cervical cancer is a global public health problem. It is the second leading cause of death among women of childbearing age worldwide. Several factors, including diet, have been shown to influence the risk of persistent HPV infection and tumor progression. This paper determines the relationship between dietary patterns and cervical cancer. It is an ecological study of multiple groups, based on two national sources: the High-Cost Account and the National Survey of Nutritional Situation of Colombia of 2015. The population consisted of 3472 women aged 35 to 64. The incidence of cervical cancer was used as the dependent variable while the independent variables included food consumption according to established patterns, area of residence, age, physical activity, and BMI, among other variables. The statistical analysis performed through associations between variables was evaluated by multiple linear regression using R2. 38.9% of the evaluated population belonged to the first quartile of wealth, and 76.5% resided in the municipal capital. The incidence of cervical cancer in Colombia was associated with being affiliated to a state-subsidized health regime and having diabetes mellitus. A conservative eating pattern, as well as belonging to a rural area, are evidenced as protective factors. These results invite the need to encourage public policies and promote healthy lifestyles.


Asunto(s)
Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino , Humanos , Femenino , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/epidemiología , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/prevención & control , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/etiología , Colombia/epidemiología , Dieta/efectos adversos , Conducta Alimentaria
2.
J Clin Med ; 12(22)2023 Nov 11.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38002657

RESUMEN

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a group of metabolic abnormalities characterised by central obesity, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, and dysregulation of blood glucose, which is associated with the risk of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and overall mortality. White blood cell count is a selective marker of acute infection and inflammation, which could provide information on the metabolic status of subjects. This study aims to provide the best evidence on the association between MetS and white blood cell count by determining the effect size of this biomarker. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies indexed in the PubMed and Scopus databases were performed. Methodological quality was assessed using the STROBE tool, overall risk of bias using RevMan (Cochrane Collaboration), and quality of evidence using Grade Pro. Results: We included 14 articles comparing leukocyte concentrations in 21,005 subjects with MetS and 66,339 controls. Subjects with MetS had a higher mean leukocyte count, 0.64 cells ×109/L; CI95% 0.55-0.72; p < 0.00001; I2 = 93%. Conclusions: An in-depth evaluation of the relationship of leukocytes in the pathophysiological process of MetS could lead to new insights into early diagnosis.

3.
Diabetol Metab Syndr ; 15(1): 220, 2023 Oct 30.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37899468

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a group of metabolic abnormalities characterised by hypertension, central obesity, dyslipidaemia and dysregulation of blood glucose, associated with the risk of diabetes, cardiovascular disease and overall mortality. The presence of elevated liver enzymes may precede the development of MetS, with alterations of the liver being observed that are directly related to metabolic problems. The study aims to provide the best evidence on the association between liver enzymes (ALT, AST, GGT) and MetS by determining the effect size of these biomarkers. METHODS: A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies indexed in PubMed and Scopus databases were performed. Study quality was assessed using the STROBE tool. The Grade Pro tool was used to evaluate the evidence, and the quantitative synthesis was performed using RevMan (Cochrane Collaboration). RESULTS: Seventeen articles comparing liver enzyme concentrations between 76,686 with MetS (MetS+) and 201,855 without MetS (MetS-) subjects were included. The concentration of ALT, AST and GGT in the MetS + subjects was significantly higher than in the control group 7.13 IU/L (CI95% 5.73-8.54; p < 0.00001; I2 = 96%), 2.68 IU/L (CI95% 1.82-3.54; p < 0.00001; I2 = 96%) and 11.20 IU/L (CI95% 7.11-15.29; p < 0.00001; I2 = 96%), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The evaluation of the relationship of liver enzymes in the pathophysiological process of MetS could lead to new insights into early diagnosis.

4.
Front Med (Lausanne) ; 10: 1229972, 2023.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37644989

RESUMEN

Background: The obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSA) is a highly prevalent condition. In Spain and other countries, only 5%-9% of patients with OSA have been diagnosed and treated. The lack of accessibility to diagnosis is considered the main cause of this situation through easy-to-use screening instruments, it is necessary to check their validity and reliability in the context where they are to be used. Objective: To validate the Spanish translation of the Berlin questionnaire for screening for moderate or severe OSA in patients aged 40 years or more detected in primary care. Methods: A descriptive observational study, with a first qualitative phase of transcultural adaptation to Spanish using the translation-back-translation method. Setting: primary care level of the Spanish National Health System. A total of 255 patients recruited from 7 healthcare centers completed the study. The Berlin questionnaire was administered to the recruited patients, and subsequently, a respiratory polygraphy was performed to confirm the diagnosis of OSA. The concurrent criterion validity of the questionnaire and its reliability in terms of internal consistency and reproducibility (intra-observer agreement) were analyzed. Results: The patients' mean age was 54.76 years (SD: 6.57; 95% CI: 53.53-54.99), and 54.12% were men (95% CI: 47.96-60.27). We found that 61.57% (95% CI: 55.57-67.57) presented OSA (apnea-hypopnea index-AHI >5), and 45.5% (95% CI: 17.05-57.92) presented moderate or severe (AHI >15) OSA. The Berlin questionnaire, with a cut-off point of 4.5, showed a sensitivity of 76.77% (95% CI: 67.94-85.59), a specificity of 74.49% (95% CI: 65.35-83.63), a positive predictive value of 75.25% (95% CI: 66.34-84.16), a negative predictive value of 76.04% (95% CI: 66.98-85.10), and an area under the curve of 0.786 (95% CI: 0.721-0.851). Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.730 (95% CI: 0.668-0.784), and the Kappa index was 0.739 (95% CI, 0.384-1.000). Conclusion: The Spanish adaptation of the Berlin questionnaire has good validity and reliability as a test for the diagnostic screening of moderate or severe OSA in patients aged 40 years or older. The findings of our study confirm that primary care physicians should use such screening tools to predict OSA.

5.
Nutrients ; 15(9)2023 Apr 26.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37432184

RESUMEN

The selection of food depends on various factors such as cultural, social, economic and biological. This paper determines the factors associated with dietary patterns in Colombia. It is an observational, descriptive exploratory study collecting secondary data from the National Survey of Nutritional Status of Colombia (ENSIN, 2015) of 16,216 people between 15 and 64 years of age. The variables were the following: area, age range, sex, educational level, high blood pressure arterial hypertension (HTA), diabetes (DM), cancer, wealth quartile and dietary pattern. For the data analysis, logistic regression models were generated for each pattern and OR was used as a measure of association. Of those studied, 74.6% live in urban areas, all were aged between 15 and 49 years and 45.4% were in the first wealth quartile (Q1). There was a greater probability of traditional and conservative dietary patterns in people with diabetes and hypertension. Consumption of the conservative pattern was associated with being a woman, while consumption of the traditional pattern was associated with people in the first and second wealth level. Consumption of grill/beverage was more likely in men. Socio-demographic factors and chronic non-communicable diseases are associated with dietary patterns. This makes it relevant for health professionals to take into account these characteristics for nutritional interventions.


Asunto(s)
Bebidas , Hipertensión , Adolescente , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto Joven , Colombia/epidemiología , Análisis de Datos , Escolaridad , Hipertensión/epidemiología
6.
Healthcare (Basel) ; 11(8)2023 Apr 18.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37107994

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Overweight and obesity are public health problems that affects the workplace. This paper aims to analyse the effectiveness of workplace health promotion interventions in reducing Body Mass Index (BMI); Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic review was conducted using PubMed, MEDLINE, and SCOPUS databases. The inverse variance statistical method was used for the meta-analysis with a random effects analysis model and standardised means. The results have been represented by Forest Plots and Funnel Plots graphs; Results: The multicomponent approach had the best results for reducing BMI (-0.14 [-0.24, -0.03], 95% CI; p = 0.009) compared to performing physical activity only (-0.09 [-0.39, 0.21], 95% CI; p = 0.56). However, both methods resulted in positive changes in reducing BMI in the general analysis (-0.12 [-0.22, -0.02], 95% CI; p = 0.01). The GRADE evaluation showed low certainty due to the high heterogeneity between interventions (I2 = 59% for overall analysis). CONCLUSIONS: The multicomponent approach could be an effective intervention to reduce obesity in the working population. However, workplace health promotion programs must be standardised to conduct quality analyses and highlight their importance to workers' well-being.

7.
Sci Rep ; 12(1): 18412, 2022 11 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36319728

RESUMEN

This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to provide the best evidence on the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and uric acid (UA) by determining the size of the effect of this biomarker on MetS. The review protocol is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021231124). The search covered the PubMed and Scopus databases. Methodological quality was assessed with the STROBE tool, overall risk of bias with RevMan (Cochrane Collaboration) and quality of evidence with Grade Pro. Initially, 1582 articles were identified. Then, after excluding duplicates and reviewing titles and abstracts, 1529 articles were excluded from applying the eligibility criteria. We included 43 papers (56 groups) comparing UA concentrations between subjects 91,845 with MetS and 259,931 controls. Subjects with MetS had a higher mean UA of 0.57 mg/dl (95% CI 0.54-0.61) (p < 0.00001). Given the heterogeneity of the included studies, the researchers decided to perform subgroups analysis. Men with MetS have a higher UA concentration mg/dl 0.53 (95% CI 0.45-0.62, p < 0.00001) and women with MetS 0.57 (95% CI 0.48-0.66, p < 0.00001) compared to subjects without MetS. Assessment of UA concentration could provide a new avenue for early diagnosis of MetS, as a new biomarker and the possibility of new therapeutic targets.


Asunto(s)
Síndrome Metabólico , Ácido Úrico , Masculino , Humanos , Femenino , Biomarcadores
8.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36429652

RESUMEN

The objective of the study was to identify lifestyles associated with loss of health among workers. A retrospective longitudinal incidence study was carried out over a three-year period (2015, 2016, and 2017) among the working population. A total of 240 workers were analysed using information from occupational health assessments. The outcome variable was loss of health due to common illness or workplace injury, quantified by the number of days each episode lasted. Predictor variables were age, gender, type of work, tobacco use, alcohol consumption, physical activity (IPAQ), and adherence to the Mediterranean diet (AMD). An adjusted multiple linear regression was performed, determining the goodness of fit of the final model using the coefficient of determination adjusted r2. During the study, 104 men (58.8%) and 25 women (39.7%) suffered an episode of illness or workplace injury (p < 0.05). The overall incidence was 17.9% people/year 95% CI [15, 21.3]. 4.6% of the workers were sedentary or engaged in light physical activity, and 59.2% maintained an adequate AMD. Workers who engaged in high levels of physical activity had an average of 36.3 days of temporary disability compared to 64.4 days for workers with low-moderate levels of physical activity (p < 0.01).


Asunto(s)
Personas con Discapacidad , Salud Laboral , Masculino , Humanos , Femenino , Estudios Retrospectivos , Estudios de Cohortes , Estilo de Vida
9.
J Tissue Viability ; 31(4): 693-698, 2022 Nov.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36253308

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: The Neonatal Skin Risk Assessment Scale is the only tool exclusively designed for neonatal populations and it is the most recommended for neonatal skin risk assessment. To date, the NSRAS has been validated in different languages, but an Italian version was lacking. Consequently, the purpose of this study was to translate and to provide a cross-cultural adaptation of the NSRAS into Italian. METHOD: The translation and cross-cultural adaptation were conducted following an international instrument translation guideline across five steps: (1)translation, (2)forward translation review, (3)back translation, (4)back-translation review and (5)pre-test. Content validity was measured using the content validity index (CVI), calculating Aiken's coefficient, according to the opinion of an expert group. RESULTS: The final version approved by the expert committee was well understood by all nurses who participated in the study and has obtained a good face validity and content validity. Expert evaluation provided a CVI-Total of 0.92 [0.85-0.96], with Aiken V values for each item analyzed ranging between 0.85 and 0.97. CONCLUSION: The i-NSRAS is a clear, simple, relevant, and unambiguous tool. It is also updated to current knowledge on PUs and evaluates the presence of clinical devices as a risk factor in neonatal population.


Asunto(s)
Comparación Transcultural , Lenguaje , Humanos , Recién Nacido , Psicometría , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Medición de Riesgo , Encuestas y Cuestionarios
10.
Front Public Health ; 10: 975114, 2022.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36159274

RESUMEN

Rationale: Sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSA) is a highly prevalent disease and has been related to cardiovascular diseases and occupational and traffic accidents. Currently, it is estimated that there is a significant underdiagnosis of OSA, mainly due to the difficulty accessing the tests for that purpose. Objective: To determine the usefulness of the Spanish version of the STOP-Bang questionnaire (SBQ) for screening for moderate or severe OSA in the adult population attending primary care. Methods: A descriptive observational multicenter study was conducted. Through an opportunistic search, (patients over 18 years old), were recruited in seven primary care centers. The SBQ was applied to them and home respiratory polygraphy (HRP) was subsequently performed to confirm the diagnosis of OSA. The criterion validity of the SBQ was analyzed, comparing the score obtained by the SBQ with the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) obtained by RP, establishing the diagnosis of OSA for an AHI>5. The reliability of the questionnaire was evaluated. Results: A total of 255 subjects, 54.1% men, with a mean age of 54.76 ± 10 years, were recruited in the study. The results showed that 61.57% (95% Confidence Interval: 55.57-67.57) of the subjects presented OSA, presenting 22.75% (17.57-57.92) a mild OSA (530) (11.54-20.62). The Kuder and Richardson coefficient was 0.623 (0.335-0.788) and Cohen's Kappa coefficient was 0.871 (0.520-1.00; p < 0.001). For moderate/severe OSA screening (AHI>15) the SBQ obtained an ROC curve of 0.769 (0.704-0.833) that with an optimal cutoff of 3, achieved a sensitivity of 84.85% (77.28-92.42) and a specificity of 55.10% (44.74-65.46). Conclusions: The SBQ is very effective for detecting moderate/severe OSA. Its psychometric properties are similar to those obtained in studies on other populations. Because of its ease of use, the SBQ is a very useful tool for primary health care professionals.


Asunto(s)
Apnea Obstructiva del Sueño , Adolescente , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Polisomnografía/métodos , Atención Primaria de Salud , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Apnea Obstructiva del Sueño/diagnóstico , Encuestas y Cuestionarios
11.
Nutrients ; 14(17)2022 Sep 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36079871

RESUMEN

Prediabetes is a pathological condition in which the blood glucose concentration is higher than normal concentrations but lower than those considered necessary for a type 2 diabetes mellitus diagnosis. Various authors have indicated that the Mediterranean Diet is one of the dietary patterns with the most healthy outcomes, reducing high levels of HbA1c, triglycerides, BMI, and other anthropometric parameters. The main objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of the nutritional intervention for children with prediabetes, including the effectiveness of this nutritional education regarding anthropometric parameters. A randomized pilot trial with two groups, an experimental group (EG) and a control group (CG), using intervention in dietary habits with nutritional reinforcement was carried out on 29 children with prediabetes from a rural area. The nutritional intervention was analyzed through astrophotometric and glycemic measurements and validated surveys. Results: The results indicated improvement in eating habits, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, anthropometric measurements, mainly body mass index and perimeters, and analytical parameters, with a significant decrease in glycated hemoglobin in the EG compared to the CG (p < 0.001). Although the results showed that both groups' anthropometric parameters improved, a more significant decrease was observed in the experimental group compared to the control.


Asunto(s)
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Dieta Mediterránea , Estado Prediabético , Glucemia , Índice de Masa Corporal , Niño , Hemoglobina Glucada , Humanos , Proyectos Piloto
12.
J Nurs Manag ; 30(8): 3900-3908, 2022 Nov.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36071554

RESUMEN

AIM: To analyse the current scientific knowledge and research lines focused on environmentally sustainable health systems, including the role of nurses. BACKGROUND: There seem to be differences between creating interventions focused on environmentally sustainable health systems, including nurses, and the scarcity of research on this topic, framed on the Sustainable Development Goals. METHODS: A bibliometric analysis was carried out, via three databases (Web of Science, Scopus and Pubmed), and the guideline recommendations were followed to select bibliometric data. RESULTS: The search resulted in 159 publications, significantly increasing the trends from 2017 to 2021 (p = .028). The most relevant countries in this area were the United States, the United Kingdom and Sweden. Also, the top articles were from relevant journals, indexed in Journal Citation Report, and the first and the second quartiles linked to the nursing field and citations (p < .001). CONCLUSION: Education is key to achieving environmentally sustainable health systems via institutions and policies. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: There is a lack of experimental data and policies on achieving or maintaining environmentally sustainable health care systems, indicating that nurses have an important role and should be consulted and included in decision-making policies regarding sustainability in the health care systems.


Asunto(s)
Enfermeras y Enfermeros , Crecimiento Sostenible , Humanos , Bibliometría , Factor de Impacto de la Revista , Enfermería , Suecia , Estados Unidos
13.
Healthcare (Basel) ; 10(8)2022 Jul 29.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36011077

RESUMEN

Environmental awareness of the ecological problems caused by this climate crisis and its impact on global health has been growing globally. Nurses are health care agents that usually hurt the environment and contribute to the unsustainability of the care system. Such behavior is perpetuated without the nurses' awareness and is even magnified by the current pandemic, jeopardizing the health systems and the Sustainable Development Goals. However, there is no Spanish version of any survey that measures the awareness of these agents, only the Nurses Environmental Awareness Tool (NEAT) is available. The current research presents a unique investigation based on a mixed method, using the Spanish version of the NEAT, also called NEAT-es. The results of the mixed analysis (N = 376), a cognitive interview, and descriptive analysis indicated perfect consistency (Cronbach's alpha > 0.80), better than the original. The survey validation achieved higher values and can be used to measure environmental awareness in Spain and Spanish-speaking countries.

14.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35270291

RESUMEN

Higher Educational Institutions (HEIs) are responsible for creating healthy and sustainable environments for students and teachers through diverse educational paradigms such as gamification. In this sense, the Healthy People 2030 and the Sustainable Development Goals indicated the imperative to provide inclusive and equitable quality education to promote a healthy environment and life. The principal objective was to analyse the impact of gamification on health development in HEIs, highlighting their positive and negative effects. To achieve such an objective, a bibliometric analysis was carried out. The 257 documents showed no significant increasing trend in the last decade (p > 0.05) related to the pandemic. Most of the publications were conferences (45%), and the few published articles were the documents with more citations (p < 0.001). According to their index in Journal Citation Reports, there were significant differences between the citations of articles published in journals (p < 0.001). The analysis of journal co-citations showed that the leading journals (such as Computers in Human Behavior) had a significant part in the clusters formed (p < 0.001), conditioning also the keywords, especially the term "motivation". These findings were discussed, concluding that the experimental studies focused on the teachers' adverse effects are yet to come.


Asunto(s)
Gamificación , Motivación , Bibliometría , Humanos , Factor de Impacto de la Revista , Publicaciones
15.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34574529

RESUMEN

Stress can result in psychopathologies, such as anxiety or depression, when this risk factor continues in time. One major stressor was the COVID-19 pandemic, which triggered considerable emotional distress and mental health issues among different workers, including teachers, with another stressor: technology and online education. A mixed-method approach is presented in this research, combining a cross-sectional study of university teachers from Ecuador and Spain with a medium of twenty years of working experience (N = 55) and a bibliometric analysis carried out in three databases (161 documents). The levels of anxiety and depression, and therefore the risk of developing them as mental disorders, were high. The lack of training (p < 0.01), time (p < 0.05), or research regarding the use of technology in education (p < 0.01) and stress caused by COVID-19 (p < 0.001) were linked to frequency. The most relevant observational study obtained through the bibliometric analysis (138 citations and over 65% of methodological quality) indicated that previous training and behavioral factors are key in the stress related to technology. The combination of the results indicated that mental health in STEM teachers at university is related to diverse factors, from training to the family and working balance.


Asunto(s)
COVID-19 , Salud Mental , Ansiedad/epidemiología , Estudios Transversales , Depresión/epidemiología , Humanos , Pandemias , SARS-CoV-2 , Tecnología , Universidades
16.
Arch Environ Occup Health ; 76(5): 275-281, 2021.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32990184

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The link between the dietary pattern known as the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) and lower morbidity/mortality is well known, and its efficacy in the primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases has been proven in recent years. However, adherence to the MedDiet seems to be related to socioeconomic status. The objective was to analyze whether their adherence to the MedDiet differs from the rest of the working population. Material and methods: A transversal study was carried out on adherence to the MedDiet. One thousand six hundred nine workers were studied, of whom 626 belonged to the group of workers at risk of social exclusion. Results: It was found that 43.9% of the permanent staff had a high adherence, compared to the figure of 20.9% for the population at risk of exclusion (p < .01). No differences were evident between men and women in the same category of workers (41.7% vs. 47.9% in permanent staff and 22.5% vs. 40.5% in workers at risk of social exclusion). The lowest adherence to the MedDiet (11.4%) was found in the group of young women at risk of social exclusion. Their consumption of healthy foods was significantly lower than the group of older women, while their consumption of less healthy foods (cakes/pastries, butter and fizzy drinks) was higher. Conclusions: It is difficult to draw conclusions about whether it is the most expensive foods contained in the MedDiet which cause this difference in adherence, since, there is also a higher expenditure on non-essential products such as cakes/pastries, fizzy drinks and tobacco. Key messagesPeople at risk of social exclusion and specially the younger women have a lower adherence to the Mediterranean diet than other occupational social classes.The higher consumption of butter, fizzy drinks and cakes/pastries is the dietary habit which most affects adherence to the Mediterranean diet in the group of people at risk of exclusion.It is not possible to ensure that the higher cost of any foods included in the Mediterranean diet, such as fish and fruit, is the main cause of this difference in adherence.


Asunto(s)
Dieta Mediterránea/psicología , Ocupaciones/estadística & datos numéricos , Clase Social , Adulto , Dieta Mediterránea/estadística & datos numéricos , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , España , Adulto Joven
17.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33198346

RESUMEN

Most of blood borne and airborne pathogens are highly contagious, harmful and have prevalence among healthcare workers. In this group, healthcare students, especially nursing undergraduates, have even higher risk to be exposed and suffered a contagious accident. One of the main pillars to prevent exposure to such pathogens and decrease accidents seems to be through education. A prospective observational educational research focused on quantifying the students' knowledge, and prevention culture was carried out. The educational approach based on the development of a technological tool, its integration in the students' education, and posterior assessment. The Chi-square, ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis, Man-Whitney U, and Spearman correlations were used to determine the effect of such educational methodology. The results, previous to the integration of the educational approach, showed differences between the elementary and proficient knowledge and correct procedure in each academic year (p < 0.05), being the best year the third academic year. The mean of elementary knowledge among second year students after the inclusion of the educational methodology improved for 2017/2018 with a mean of 7.5 (1.11) and in 2018/2019 with 7.87 (1.34). This study argued that the educational approach proposed could improve the prevention culture and knowledge among students and future healthcare professionals.


Asunto(s)
Educación en Enfermería , Salud Laboral , Estudiantes de Enfermería , Educación de Pregrado en Medicina/normas , Educación en Enfermería/normas , Humanos , Salud Laboral/educación , Estudios Prospectivos , España
18.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33202572

RESUMEN

The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of a comprehensive anti-smoking health program conducted over twelve years at a regional university hospital in southern Spain. Prevalence of tobacco was compared retrospectively using data collected during occupational health assessments (n = 4291). Bivariate and logistic regression analyses were carried out to evaluate tobacco consumption differences according to age, sex, professional category, and workplace building. The results show a reduction in the active smoking rate among hospital staff evaluated (from 22.8% to 19.8%) with significant differences between non-health and health workers. Accumulated smoking consumption fell to 13.45 ± 14.60 packs/year with men presenting a higher consumption (p < 0.001). The predictive variables of tobacco use were sex (greater consumption among men, p = 0.021), number of cigarettes (greater consumption among professionals who smoked less than 1 pack/day, p < 0.001), and time smoking (greater use among professionals with more than 10 years smoking, p < 0.001). There was a higher rate of staff smokers at the hospital building with a majority of mental health inpatients. This study provides a practical example of making the optimum use of digital medical records in the evaluation of a comprehensive anti-smoking health program.


Asunto(s)
Personal de Hospital , Fumadores , Humanos , Estudios Retrospectivos , España/epidemiología , Encuestas y Cuestionarios
19.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32998210

RESUMEN

Airborne pathogens and non-malignant infectious diseases such as tuberculosis are highly contagious and can have severe effects on healthcare workers. The symptoms of these diseases take time to manifest, which can prevent workers from noticing that they have been exposed until symptoms appear. The current paper sought to assess the occupational safety and preventative measures taken in laboratories in Spain, and to compare these measures with those reported by other studies worldwide. A cross-sectional study of workers (35-50 years old) was conducted using a web survey (N = 30), and a bibliometric analysis was carried out in the Scopus database (92 documents were selected). The occupational safety and health measures were inadequate, according to the opinions of the workers. The training (p < 0.01), the amount of work (p < 0.05), and how the workers followed their protocols (p < 0.001) were linked to incidents and exposure to airborne pathogens. The most significant previous publication was a report (848 citations) stating that the previous variables linked to exposure are vital for prevention. Most works focused on countries like the U.S.A. (p = 0.009) were reviews, with a limited number of studies focused on occupational safety.


Asunto(s)
Enfermedades Profesionales , Exposición Profesional , Salud Laboral , Tuberculosis/epidemiología , Adulto , Microbiología del Aire , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Personal de Salud , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , España/epidemiología , Tuberculosis/prevención & control
20.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32947775

RESUMEN

Since the eighties, technological tools have modified how people interact in their environment. At the same time, occupational safety and health measures have been widely applied. The European Agency for Safety and Health at Work considers that information and communication technologies are the main methods to achieve the goals proposed to improve working life and the dissemination of good practices. The principal objective was to determine the trends of publications focused on these technologies and occupational safety in the healthcare sector during the last 30 years. A bibliometric study was carried out. The 1021 documents showed an increased trend per country, especially for the United States (p < 0.001) and year (p < 0.001). The citations per year showed significant differences between citations of articles published before 2007 (p < 0.001). The year was also linked to the increase or decrease of articles (72.2%) and reviews (14.9%) (p < 0.001). The analysis of journal co-citations also showed that the main journals (such as Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology) were linked to other important journals and had a major part in the clusters formed. All these findings were discussed in the manuscript and conclusions were drawn.


Asunto(s)
Sector de Atención de Salud , Salud Laboral , Bibliometría , Humanos , Estudios Prospectivos , Calidad de Vida
SELECCIÓN DE REFERENCIAS
DETALLE DE LA BÚSQUEDA
...