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1.
Anal Chim Acta ; 1038: 59-66, 2018 Dec 14.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30278908

RESUMO

An improved gas sample introduction interface is developed and characterized for gas chromatography coupling and for direct injection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), in a pulsed glow discharge (pulsed-GD) ion source coupled to a time of flight mass spectrometer (TOFMS) that is typically used for direct solid analysis. The novel interface allows the introduction of the analytes in the flowing afterglow region of the GD (a few mm away from the negative glow region) to reduce plasma quenching effects. Analyte ion signals are acquired in the temporal afterglow region, where low fragmentation of the molecular species is produced, providing useful qualitative and quantitative molecular information (e.g. molecular ion). Analytical capabilities of the pulsed-GD ion source with the novel gas sampling interface provides improved performance compared to previous designs. In particular, limits of detection for the analysis of VOCs in air were below (better) that legally established limits according to Directive 2008/50/EC of the European Parliament.

2.
Intensive Care Med ; 43(11): 1660-1667, 2017 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28936675

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Spontaneous breathing trials (SBT) can be exhausting, but the preventive role of rest has never been studied. This study aimed to evaluate whether reconnection to mechanical ventilation (MV) for 1 h after the effort of a successful SBT could reduce the need for reintubation in critically ill patients. METHODS: Randomized multicenter trial conducted in 17 Spanish medical-surgical intensive care units (Oct 2013-Jan 2015). Patients under MV for longer than 12 h who fulfilled criteria for planned extubation were randomly allocated after a successful SBT to direct extubation (control group) or reconnection to the ventilator for a 1-h rest before extubation (rest group). The primary outcome was reintubation within 48 h. Analysis was by intention to treat. RESULTS: We recruited 243 patients randomized to the control group and 227 to the rest group. Median time from intubation to SBT did not differ between groups [5.5 (2.7, 9.6) days in the control group vs. 5.7 (2.7, 10.6) in the rest group; p = 0.85]. Reintubation within 48 h after extubation was more common in the control than in the rest group [35 (14%) vs. 12 (5%) patients; OR 0.33; 95% CI 0.16-0.65; p < 0.001]. A multivariable regression model demonstrated that the variables independently associated with reintubation were rest [OR 0.34 (95%CI 0.17-0.68)], APACHE II [OR 1.04 (1.002-1.077)], and days of MV before SBT [OR 1.04 (1.001-1.073)], whereas age, reason for admission, and type and duration of SBT were not. CONCLUSION: One-hour rest after a successful SBT reduced the rates of reintubation within 48 h after extubation in critically ill patients. Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov identifier NCT01915563.


Assuntos
Extubação/métodos , Respiração Artificial/métodos , Insuficiência Respiratória/terapia , Desmame do Respirador/métodos , APACHE , Idoso , Extubação/efeitos adversos , Estado Terminal/terapia , Feminino , Humanos , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva , Análise de Intenção de Tratamento , Intubação Intratraqueal , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Análise Multivariada , Estudos Prospectivos , Respiração Artificial/efeitos adversos , Insuficiência Respiratória/etiologia , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Fatores de Tempo
3.
J Breath Res ; 11(1): 016015, 2017 03 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28165332

RESUMO

Corporal mechanisms attributed to cancer, such as oxidative stress or the action of cytochrome P450 enzymes, seem to be responsible for the generation of a variety of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that could be used as non-invasive diagnosis biomarkers. The present work presents an attempt to use VOCs from exhaled breath and oral cavity air as biomarkers for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients. A total of 52 breath samples were collected (in 3 L Tedlar bags) from 26 OSCC patients and 26 cancer-free controls. The samples were analyzed using solid-phase microextraction followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry detection. Different statistical strategies (e.g., Icoshift, SIMCA, LDA, etc) were used to classify the analytical data. Results revealed that compounds such as undecane, dodecane, decanal, benzaldehyde, 3,7-dimethyl undecane, 4,5-dimethyl nonane, 1-octene, and hexadecane had relevance as possible biomarkers for OSCC. LDA classification with these compounds showed well-defined clusters for patients and controls (non-smokers and smokers). In addition to breath analysis, preliminary studies were carried out to evaluate the possibility of lesion-surrounded air (analyzed OSCC tumors are in the oral cavity) as a source of biomarkers. The oral cavity location of the squamous cell carcinoma tumors constitutes an opportunity to non-invasively collect the air surrounding the lesion. Small quantities (20 ml) of air collected in the oral cavity were analyzed using the above methodology. Results showed that aldehydes present in the oral cavity might constitute potential OSCC biomarkers.


Assuntos
Testes Respiratórios/métodos , Expiração , Neoplasias Bucais/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Bucais/metabolismo , Compostos Orgânicos Voláteis/análise , Adulto , Idoso , Ar , Biomarcadores/análise , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/diagnóstico , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/metabolismo , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patologia , Análise Discriminante , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Boca/química , Neoplasias Bucais/patologia , Adulto Jovem
4.
Diaeta (B. Aires) ; 33(151): 21-28, abril. 2015. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-766760

RESUMO

En la mujer adulta declina la función ovárica y la producción de estrógenos, con sintomatología física y psíquica, alteración en la regulación del apetito y tendencia a la ingesta de hidratos de carbono. Los psicofármacos empleados para el manejo del estado anímico podrían provocar efectos secundarios, como modificación de la ingesta y peso corporal y efectos neuroendocrinos como regulación de la serotonina, entre otros. Objetivos: Identificar la asociación entre el consumo de psicofármacos y la compulsión glucídica en mujeres adultas. Materiales y Método: Se realizó un estudio analítico de corte transversal sobre 114 mujeres mayores de 40 años que asistieron al consultorio de climaterio del Hospital General de Agudos “Bernandino Rivadavia”. Se analizaron variables biológicas, antropométricas, conducta alimentaria y consumo de psicofármacos, recabadas mediante encuestas estructuradas, voluntarias y anónimas, y mediciones antropométricas. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizó SPSS 15.0, calculando medidas de tendencia central,comparación de medias y Odds Ratio (OR) con intervalo de confianza (IC) del 95%, test chi cuadrado (x2) y correlación de Pearson con nivel de significación p< 0,05. Resultados: El 67,5% de la muestra presentó sobrepeso u obesidad y el 48,2% circunferencia de cintura (CC) aumentada. El 69,3% refirió compulsión glucídica, siendo los panificados y el chocolate los alimentos de mayor elección en estos episodios. No se observó significación estadística entre las mujeres que consumían psicofármacos para mejorar la calidad de vida, y la presencia de compulsión o estado nutricional alterado. Conclusión: Las mujeres que consumieron psicofármacos no presentaron diferencias en la prevalencia de compulsión glucídica o el estado nutricional alterado...


Assuntos
Humanos , Menopausa , Obesidade , Tranquilizantes , Mulheres
5.
Rev. calid. asist ; 28(3): 163-173, mayo-jun. 2013.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-113426

RESUMO

Objetivo. Diseñar y validar una nueva herramienta para medir la seguridad percibida por los pacientes que son trasladados al hospital tras demandar asistencia sanitaria urgente a través de la línea telefónica «061». Metodología. Estudio multicéntrico, observacional descriptivo y de corte transversal de validación de una escala administrada mediante entrevista telefónica. Fueron sujetos de estudio los pacientes trasladados al hospital tras demandar asistencia sanitaria urgente a través de la línea telefónica «061». Participaron los 8 servicios provinciales en Andalucía de la Empresa Pública de Emergencias Sanitarias. La recogida de datos se realizó desde enero hasta junio de 2010. Además de los criterios básicos de validación del cuestionario (frecuencia de endose y capacidad de discriminación entre grupos) se realizó una evaluación de validez (validez de contenido y validez de constructo o concepto) y fiabilidad (estabilidad y homogeneidad). Para evaluar la estabilidad se utilizó la técnica de test-retest, mientras que la homogeneidad se examinó a través de 2 propiedades: consistencia interna de sus ítems (coeficiente de correlación ítem-escala corregido) y consistencia interna de la escala (coeficiente Alpha de Cronbach). Resultados. Se obtuvieron 1.011 cuestionarios tras 7.538 llamadas telefónicas (13,4%). La puntuación total de la escala osciló entre 0 y 80 puntos con un valor medio de 73,95 (DE: 9,607) y una mediana de 79. El análisis factorial exploratorio detectó 2 componentes que explicaban el 62,3% de la varianza total. El coeficiente de correlación intraclase (CCI) fue de 0,814 (IC95%: 0,725-0,874). El coeficiente de correlación ítem-escala corregido para examinar la consistencia interna de sus ítems fue superior a 0,625. Con respecto a la consistencia interna de la escala el valor del coeficiente Alpha de Cronbach fue de 0,941. Conclusión. La Escala de Seguridad Percibida (ESP16) es una escala válida y fiable que cuantifica la percepción de seguridad de los pacientes tras ser asistidos y trasladados a un hospital(AU)


Objective. To design and validate a new tool to measure the perceived safety of patients who are transported to hospital after requesting urgent health care using the telephone number “061”. Methods. A multicentre, observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study to validate the score obtained using a telephone interview. The patients subject to study were those who were transported to the hospital after requesting urgent health care using the telephone number “061”. The eight provincial services of the Public Emergency Medical Services Company of Andalusia participated. The data were collected from January to June of 2010. In addition to the basic criteria of the validation of the survey (endorsement frequency and discrimination ability between groups), an assessment was made of validity (validity of content and validity of construct or concept) and reliability (stability and homogeneity). The Retest-Test technique was used to assess stability, whereas the homogeneity was examined using two properties: internal consistency of its items (correlation coefficient checked item-scale) and internal consistency of the scale (Cronbach's Alpha coefficient). Results. A total of 1011 questionnaires were obtained after 7538 phone calls (13.4%). The total scale score fluctuated between 0 and 80 points, with a mean of 73.95 (SD: 9.607), and a median of 79. The exploratory factor analysis detected two components that explained 62.3% of the total variance. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was 0.814 (95% CI: 0.725-0.874). The correlation coefficient checked item- scale to examine the internal consistency of its items was more than 0.625. The Cronbach's Alpha coefficient was 0.941 for the internal consistency of the scale. Conclusion. The Perceived Safety Survey ESP16 is a valid and reliable scale that quantified patients’ perception of safety after being assisted and transported to the hospital(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Segurança do Paciente/legislação & jurisprudência , Segurança do Paciente/normas , Atenção à Saúde/métodos , Necessidades e Demandas de Serviços de Saúde/organização & administração , Necessidades e Demandas de Serviços de Saúde/normas , Segurança do Paciente/estatística & dados numéricos , Atenção à Saúde/organização & administração , Atenção à Saúde/normas , Atenção à Saúde , Inquéritos e Questionários/normas , Inquéritos e Questionários , Análise Fatorial , Estatísticas não Paramétricas
6.
Rev Calid Asist ; 28(3): 163-73, 2013.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23183188

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To design and validate a new tool to measure the perceived safety of patients who are transported to hospital after requesting urgent health care using the telephone number "061". METHODS: A multicentre, observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study to validate the score obtained using a telephone interview. The patients subject to study were those who were transported to the hospital after requesting urgent health care using the telephone number "061". The eight provincial services of the Public Emergency Medical Services Company of Andalusia participated. The data were collected from January to June of 2010. In addition to the basic criteria of the validation of the survey (endorsement frequency and discrimination ability between groups), an assessment was made of validity (validity of content and validity of construct or concept) and reliability (stability and homogeneity). The Retest-Test technique was used to assess stability, whereas the homogeneity was examined using two properties: internal consistency of its items (correlation coefficient checked item-scale) and internal consistency of the scale (Cronbach's Alpha coefficient). RESULTS: A total of 1011 questionnaires were obtained after 7538 phone calls (13.4%). The total scale score fluctuated between 0 and 80 points, with a mean of 73.95 (SD: 9.607), and a median of 79. The exploratory factor analysis detected two components that explained 62.3% of the total variance. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was 0.814 (95% CI: 0.725-0.874). The correlation coefficient checked item- scale to examine the internal consistency of its items was more than 0.625. The Cronbach's Alpha coefficient was 0.941 for the internal consistency of the scale. CONCLUSION: The Perceived Safety Survey ESP16 is a valid and reliable scale that quantified patients' perception of safety after being assisted and transported to the hospital.


Assuntos
Serviços Médicos de Emergência , Segurança do Paciente , Satisfação do Paciente , Inquéritos e Questionários , Transporte de Pacientes , Assistência Ambulatorial , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Hospitalização , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade
7.
Rev. psiquiatr. infanto-juv ; 24(2/4): 240-243, abr.-dic. 2007.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-87262

RESUMO

Cuando la Consejería de Familia tiene la custodia y/o guarda de un menor, otorga estas, en aplicación de la ley, al familiar más próximo que pueda y quiera hacerse cargo, dando prioridad a la familia sobre otras personas valorada su idoneidad. En la práctica clínica diaria de una unidad de salud mental infanto -juvenil, cada vez es más frecuente encontrarnos con esta situación. Partiendo de dos casos clínicos, analizamos “las versiones de la aplicación de la ley” así como la desaparición o no de los síntomas que presentan estos niños al acudir a consulta, según los acogedores familiares repitan o no los esquemas de funcionamiento de la familia de origen. Lo “mejor” según la ley, acaba en la práctica a veces siendo “enemigo de lo bueno” (AU)


When the Regional Govermment´s Family Ministry holds a minor´s custody and/or safekeeping, and it confers them, pursuant to the enforcement of the lay, to the closest relative who is able and wishes to be incharge, giving preference to the family over other people, once its suitablility has been asessed. In the daily clinical practice of a Child Mental Health Center this situation is increasingly more frequent. Starting from two case reports, we analyze “ the versions of the enforcement of the law” as well as the disappearance or presence of the symptoms these children show when searching consultation deppending on wether the family minors´ caregivers reproduce or nt the dynamic patterns of the family of origin. The “ best thing”, according to law may sometimes result in practice the "enemy of the good thing" (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Lactente , Custódia da Criança/legislação & jurisprudência , Aplicação da Lei , Proteção da Criança/legislação & jurisprudência , Criança Abandonada/legislação & jurisprudência , Fatores de Risco
10.
Immunol Lett ; 24(2): 107-11, 1990 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2354863

RESUMO

Anti-leukocyte antibodies may occur in hemophilic patients as a consequence of replacement therapy with blood derivates. In this report we describe the presence of leukoagglutinins (LA) in serum of HIV-infected hemophiliacs (HIV + He) and their absence in HIV-negative patients (HIV-He). LA activity was recovered in IgG fractions from HIV + He, in the polyethylene glycol (PEG) precipitates from these sera, and in some cases in the supernatant fractions of PEG precipitates. Although the amount of PEG precipitates corresponding to circulating immune complexes (CIC) was higher in HIV + He than in HIV-He and normals, there was no direct relationship between CIC levels and LA. LA reacted both with autologous and with allogeneic polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN). In contrast to PMN isolated from HIV-He, HIV + He PMN had membrane associated IgG. In HIV + He, LA activity was more frequently observed in patients with more advanced stages of HIV infection than in asymptomatic individuals. Our results suggest that LA activity could be one of the manifestations of autoreactivity associated with progressing HIV infection in patients with hemophilia.


Assuntos
Autoanticorpos/biossíntese , Soropositividade para HIV/imunologia , Hemofilia A/imunologia , Imunoglobulina G/biossíntese , Leucócitos/imunologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Complexo Antígeno-Anticorpo/análise , Autoimunidade , Criança , Soropositividade para HIV/complicações , Hemofilia A/complicações , Humanos , Imunoglobulina G/imunologia , Neutrófilos/imunologia
11.
Am J Trop Med Hyg ; 39(2): 189-90, 1988 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3407838

RESUMO

A case of human brugiasis in a student from Gambela, Ethiopia, is reported. Ten sheathed microfilariae showing the Brugia genus characteristics were recovered from 1 ml of blood.


Assuntos
Filariose/parasitologia , Adulto , Animais , Brugia/anatomia & histologia , Brugia/isolamento & purificação , Cuba , Etiópia/etnologia , Humanos , Masculino , Microfilárias/anatomia & histologia , Microfilárias/isolamento & purificação
13.
Rev. cuba. med. trop ; 36(1): 22-9, 1984.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-25387

RESUMO

Se describe el primer hallazgo de microfilarias de Dipetalonema reconditum (Grassi, 1890) en un perro en Cuba. La identificacion se baso en el estudio morfologico de 50 microfilarias aisladas mediante la tecnica de Knott, de la sangre de un perro de Ciudad de La Habana, en 1982.El estudio de la mitad del material se hizo con microfilarias fijadas despues de la concentracion y la otra mitad tenidas con Giemsa.Nuestro trabajo demuestra que, ademas de los datos del largo y ancho, la presencia del cuerpo refractil y de la cola en forma de gancho son caracteristicas que permiten una inmediata identificacion de estas microfilarias


Assuntos
Animais , Cães , Dipetalonema , Filariose , Cuba
14.
Monografia em Português | AIM (África) | ID: biblio-1275570

RESUMO

Estudaram-se 342 pessoas internadas no Hospital Provincial de Pemba (HPP); Cabo delgado; sendo 41 positivos (12) para Wuchereria bancrofti; dos quais 4 tinham uma infeccao mista com mansonella perstans. Houve mais individuos do sexo masculino parasitados do que femininos; sendo as maiores prevalencias nos homens de 21 a 31 anos e nas mulheres de mais de 41 anos. Encontraram-se criancas de 1; 3 e 7 anos com microfilaremia. Das enfermarias; a Cirurgia foi onde se encontrou maior numero de individuos parasitados. As adenopatias foram significativamente mais frecuentes nos casos com microfilarias do que nos casos negativos; no entanto nao houve diferenca significativa para os hidroceles e pele espessada entre casos negativos e positivos. Foi maior a prevalencia de filaria em doentes provenientes de outras localidades do que naqueles que moravam na cidade de Pemba. / A filarial survey was carried out at the Provincial Hospital of Pemba; Cabo Delgado. Of 342 people studied; 41 (12) were microfilaria positive for Wuchereria bancrofti; and 4 of these had a mixed infection with Mansonella perstans. More men than women had parasites; the highest prevalence in men being among those between 21 and 30 years old; and in women among those over 41 years. Children as young as 1; 3 and 7 years old were also infected. The highest frequency of microfilaremia was found in patients interned in the Surgery ward. Adenopathy was more frequent in positive cases than in negative cases; but no statistical differences were found between positive and negative patients with hydrocoele and skin thickening. The prevalence of microfilaremic cases among persons who lived outside Pemba City was higher than among those living in the city


Assuntos
Filariose , Microfilárias
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