Factores asociados al estado funcional en personas de 75 o mas años de edad no dependientes / Factors associated with functional status in a population aged ≥ 75 years without total dependence

RESUMEN

Objetivos Identificar los factores asociados al estado funcional en una poblacion de ancianos de 75 o mas años de edad sin dependencia grave. Metodos Estudio transversal de una muestra aleatoria (n = 315) de personas del Centro de Atencion Primaria El Remei (Vic, Barcelona, España). Se evaluo el estado funcional mediante el test de ejecucion de extremidades inferiores (EEII) de Guralnik, el Índice de Actividades Instrumentales de la Vida Diaria (AIVD) de Lawton y el Índice de Actividades Basicas de la Vida Diaria (ABVD) de Barthel. Se construyeron modelos de regresion lineal multiple para identificar las variables asociadas al estado funcional. Resultados La edad media fue de 81,9 años y el 60,6% eran mujeres. Casi la mitad de los ancianos de 75 o (..)

ABSTRACT

Objectives To identify the factors associated with functional status in a population aged ≥ 75 years without severe dependence. Methods A cross-sectional study of a random sample (n = 315) of elderly persons in a primary care setting (El Remei Primary Care Center, Vic, Barcelona, Spain) was carried out. Functional status was evaluated by three physical performance tests the Guralnik chair stand test of lower limb function, Lawton-Brody's index of instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), and the Barthel index of basic activities of daily living (BADL). A backward multiple linear regression model was used to analyze the association of sociodemographic and clinical variables with functional status. Results The mean age was 81.9 years and 60.6% were female. Around 50% of elderly patients without total dependence showed disability for IADL and a third showed lower limb functional limitation. The variables associated with lower limb functional status were marital status, body mass index, number of drugs, and vision and hearing impairment (R2 = 0.208). The variables associated with IADL were age, cognitive impairment, vision and hearing impairment, and lower limb functional limitation (R2 = 0.434). The variables associated with the Barthel index were age, sex, poor self-perceived health, and lower limb functional limitation (R2 = 0.389).Conclusions The risk factors associated with functional status in our population ≥ 75 years of age without severe dependence were the number of drugs and sensory impairment (AU)