Evaluation of accuracy of photogrammetry with 3D scanning and conventional impression method for craniomaxillofacial defects using a software analysis.

BACKGROUND: Facial mutilation and deformities can be caused by cancer, tumours, injuries, infections, and inherited or acquired deformities and has the potential to degrade one's quality of life by interfering with fundamental tasks like communication, breathing, feeding, and aesthetics. Depending on the type of defect, producing maxillofacial prostheses for the rehabilitation of patients with various defects can be challenging and complex. The prosthesis is used to replace missing or damaged parts of the cranium and face, like the nose, auricle, orbit, and surrounding tissues, as well as missing areas of soft and hard tissue, with the primary goal of increasing the patient's quality of life by rehabilitating oral functions such as speech, swallowing, and mastication. Traditional maxillofacial prosthesis impression and fabrication processes include a number of complicated steps that are costly, time-consuming, and uncomfortable for the patient. These rely on the knowledge of the maxillofacial team, dental clinicians, and maxillofacial technician. The foundation of the impression is the keystone for creating a prosthesis. However, this is the most time-consuming and difficult chair-side operation in maxillofacial prosthesis manufacturing since it requires prolonged interaction with the patient. The field of prosthesis fabrication is being transformed by the digital revolution. Digital technology allows for more accurate impression data to be gathered in less time (3 to 5 min) than traditional methods, lowering patient anxiety. Digital impressions eliminate the need for messy impression materials and provide patients with a more pleasant experience. This method bypasses the procedure of traditional gypsum model fabrication. This eliminates the disparity caused by a dimensional distortion of the impression material and gypsum setting expansion. Traditional dental impression processes leave enough room for errors, such as voids or flaws, air bubbles, or deformities, while current technology for prosthesis planning has emerged as an alternative means to improve patient acceptability and pleasure, not only because the end result is a precisely fitted restoration but also because the chair-side adjustments required are reduced. The most frequent approaches for creating 3D virtual models are the following. To begin, 3D scanning is employed, in which the subjects are scanned in three dimensions, and the point cloud data is used to create a virtual digital model. METHODS: It will be a hospital-based randomised control trial, carried out at the Department of Prosthodontics, Sharad Pawar Dental College, Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha, a part of Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences (Deemed University). A total of 45 patients will be selected from the outpatient department (OPD) of the Department of Prosthodontics. All the patients will be provided written consent before their participation in the study. METHODOLOGY: 1. Patient screening will be done, and the patient will be allocated to three techniques that are the conventional manual method, photogrammetry method, and 3D scanning in a randomised manner 2. The impression of the defect will be recorded by conventional manual method, photogrammetry method, and 3D scanning 3. The defect will be modelled in three ways: first is as per the manual dimension taken on the patient, second is the organisation of photographic image taken with lab standards and third is plotting of point cloud data to generate the virtual 3D model 4. For photogrammetric prosthesis design, finite photos/images will be taken at multiple angles to model the 3D virtual design. With the use of minimum photographs, the 3D modelling can be performed by using freeware, and a mould is obtained 5. The CAD software was used to design the prosthesis, and the final negative mould can be printed using additive manufacturing 6. The mould fabricated by all three methods will be analysed by a software using reverse engineering technology Study design: Randomised control trial Duration: 2 years Sample size: 45 patients DISCUSSION: Rodrigo Salazar-Gamarra1, Rosemary Seelaus, and Jorge Vicente Lopes da Silva et al., in the year 2016, discussed, as part of a method for manufacturing face prostheses utilising a mobile device, free software, and a photo capture protocol, that 2D captures of the anatomy of a patient with a facial defect were converted into a 3D model using monoscopic photogrammetry and a mobile device. The visual and technical integrity of the resulting digital models was assessed. The technological approach and models that resulted were thoroughly explained and evaluated for technical and clinical value. Marta Revilla-León, Wael Att, and Dr Med Dent et al. (2020) used a coordinate measuring equipment which was used to assess the accuracy of complete arch implant impression processes utilising conventional, photogrammetry, and intraoral scanning. Corina Marilena Cristache and Ioana Tudor Liliana Moraru et al. in the year 2021 provided an update on defect data acquisition, editing, and design using open-source and commercially available software in digital workflow in maxillofacial prosthodontics. This research looked at randomised clinical trials, case reports, case series, technical comments, letters to the editor, and reviews involving humans that were written in English and included detailed information on data acquisition, data processing software, and maxillofacial prosthetic part design. TRIAL REGISTRATION: CTRI/2022/08/044524. Registered on September 16, 2022.

La educación como determinante social de la salud y el impacto de la COVID-19: avances y desafíos / Education as a social determinant of health and the impact of COVID-19: progress and challenges

Webinar N° 10 del ORAS-CONHU, realizado el 09 de julio de 2020, se realizó un webinar con el objetivo de analizar los avances y desafío que tiene la región andina en cuanto a las acciones y medidas multi e intersectoriales tomadas para garantizar educación para todos en tiempos de covid-19. Al reconocer que la educación es uno de los determinantes sociales de la salud, nos vemos en la necesidad de analizar tanto la dimensión global de esta relación, como cada una de las interacciones que se producen con otras variables del desarrollo humano, para dar respuesta a la Agenda Mundial en materia de salud y educación AL 2030. Conferencistas del webinar: Fernando Berríos, Coordinador de Unesco Perú, Luis Jorge Hernández Flores, Profesor Universidad de los Andes de Colombia, Fabián León Tamariz, Decano de la Facultad de Ciencias Químicas de la Universidad de Cuenca, Ecuador y José Ferrer Vicerrector de la Universidad de las Ciencias de la Salud de Venezuela.

Excessive Erythrocytosis and Cardiovascular Risk in Andean Highlanders.

Corante, Noemí, Cecilia Anza-Ramírez, Rómulo Figueroa-Mujíca, José Luis Macarlupú, Gustavo Vizcardo-Galindo, Grzegorz Bilo, Gianfranco Parati, Jorge L. Gamboa, Fabiola León-Velarde, and Francisco C. Villafuerte. Excessive erythrocytosis and cardiovascular risk in Andean highlanders. High Alt Med Biol. 19:221-231, 2018.-Cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of death worldwide. Life under high-altitude (HA) hypoxic conditions is believed to provide highlanders with a natural protection against cardiovascular and metabolic diseases compared with sea-level inhabitants. However, some HA dwellers become intolerant to chronic hypoxia and develop a progressive incapacitating syndrome known as chronic mountain sickness (CMS), characterized by excessive erythrocytosis (EE; Hb ≥21 g/dL in men, Hb ≥19 g/dL in women). Evidence from HA studies suggests that, in addition to CMS typical signs and symptoms, these highlanders may also suffer from metabolic and cardiovascular disorders. Thus, we hypothesize that this syndrome is also associated to the loss of the cardiometabolic protection observed in healthy highlanders (HH), and therefore to a higher cardiovascular risk (CVR). The aim of the present work was to evaluate the association between EE and CVR calculated using the Framingham General CVR Score and between EE and CVR factors in male highlanders. This cross-sectional study included 342 males from Cerro de Pasco, Peru at 4340 m (HH = 209, CMS = 133). Associations were assessed by multiple logistic regressions adjusted for potential confounders (BMI, pulse oxygen saturation and age). The adjusted models show that the odds of high CVR (>20%) in highlanders with EE was 3.63 times the odds in HH (CI 95%:1.22-10.78; p = 0.020), and that EE is associated to hypertension, elevated fasting serum glucose, insulin resistance, and elevated fasting serum triglycerides. Our results suggest that individuals who suffer from EE are at increased risk of developing cardiovascular events compared with their healthy counterparts.

30 años de la Revista Colombiana de Cardiología / 30 years of the Colombian Journal of Cardiology

Expresar la felicitación… Este décimo tercer aniversario de la Revista es motivo de felicidad y orgullo. En nombre de los Comités Científicos y del grupo administrativo, extendemos nuestras sinceras felicitaciones a la Sociedad Colombiana de Cardiología y Cirugía Cardiovascular y a todos sus miembros, por hacer que la Revista permanezca como el órgano oficial de difusión de la cardiología del país. Un acontecimiento tan memorable, no puede transcurrir sin felicitar a todas aquellas personas que han pasado por la Revista y han permitido tener los resultados que hoy podemos disfrutar. El excelente trabajo del Dr. Jorge León Galindo durante los casi 30 años pasados, justifica claramente esta celebración. La fortaleza y el prestigio que ha alcanzado la Revista durante estos años son apenas un silencioso homenaje a sus esfuerzos. En la actualidad, la Revista cuenta con un excelente equipo humano conformado por dirección administrativa, coordinación editorial, auxiliar de revista, corrector de estilo, soporte tecnológico y grupo de traducción. Se encuentra enmarcada en el Sistema de Gestión de la Calidad de la Sociedad Colombiana de Cardiología, bajo la norma ISO 9001: 2008 y certificada por Bureau Veritas. Publica un volumen al año, cada uno con seis números de publicación bimestral. A la fecha se han publicado 22 volúmenes, 156 números y más de 2.100 artículos. El perfil del lector son cardiólogos clínicos, cirujanos cardiovasculares, epidemiólogos, hemodinamistas, electrofisiólogos, ecocardiografistas, urgenciólogos, médicos internistas y enfermeras, y está disponible en las principales instituciones de salud pública y privada, universidades y bibliotecas del país.

The Use of Surrogate Data in Demographic Population Viability Analysis: A Case Study of California Sea Lions.

Reliable data necessary to parameterize population models are seldom available for imperiled species. As an alternative, data from populations of the same species or from ecologically similar species have been used to construct models. In this study, we evaluated the use of demographic data collected at one California sea lion colony (Los Islotes) to predict the population dynamics of the same species from two other colonies (San Jorge and Granito) in the Gulf of California, Mexico, for which demographic data are lacking. To do so, we developed a stochastic demographic age-structured matrix model and conducted a population viability analysis for each colony. For the Los Islotes colony we used site-specific pup, juvenile, and adult survival probabilities, as well as birth rates for older females. For the other colonies, we used site-specific pup and juvenile survival probabilities, but used surrogate data from Los Islotes for adult survival probabilities and birth rates. We assessed these models by comparing simulated retrospective population trajectories to observed population trends based on count data. The projected population trajectories approximated the observed trends when surrogate data were used for one colony but failed to match for a second colony. Our results indicate that species-specific and even region-specific surrogate data may lead to erroneous conservation decisions. These results highlight the importance of using population-specific demographic data in assessing extinction risk. When vital rates are not available and immediate management actions must be taken, in particular for imperiled species, we recommend the use of surrogate data only when the populations appear to have similar population trends.

End-of-life healthcare decisions, ethics and law: the debate in Spain.

The debate on euthanasia in Spain has been ongoing from the beginning of the 20th century and remains extant. Three periods can be identified: prior to 1978, 1978-2002, and after 2002. The debate increased significantly after the Ramon Sampedro case (1995-1998), and was fuelled with new, although very different cases, such as those of Leganés (2005-2008), Jorge Leon (2006) or Inmaculada Echevarria (2006-2007). As a consequence of these cases in 2008 the Regional Government of Andalusia started a legal process to pass a law regulating end-of-life decisions, excluding euthanasia and assisted-suicide, which was finally enacted in 2010. Two other Spanish regions (Navarra and Aragón) passed similar laws. The central government also initiated a legal process to approve a national law, excluding euthanasia and assisted-suicide. The project failed because of the dissolution of the Parliament in June 2011. The new government will have to decide how to continue the process.

Weak polygyny in California sea lions and the potential for alternative mating tactics.

Female aggregation and male territoriality are considered to be hallmarks of polygynous mating systems. The development of genetic parentage assignment has called into question the accuracy of behavioral traits in predicting true mating systems. In this study we use 14 microsatellite markers to explore the mating system of one of the most behaviorally polygynous species, the California sea lion (Zalophus californianus). We sampled a total of 158 female-pup pairs and 99 territorial males across two breeding rookeries (San Jorge and Los Islotes) in the Gulf of California, Mexico. Fathers could be identified for 30% of pups sampled at San Jorge across three breeding seasons and 15% of sampled pups at Los Islotes across two breeding seasons. Analysis of paternal relatedness between the pups for which no fathers were identified (sampled over four breeding seasons at San Jorge and two at Los Islotes) revealed that few pups were likely to share a father. Thirty-one percent of the sampled males on San Jorge and 15% of the sampled males on Los Islotes were assigned at least one paternity. With one exception, no male was identified as the father of more than two pups. Furthermore, at Los Islotes rookery there were significantly fewer pups assigned paternity than expected given the pool of sampled males (p<0.0001). Overall, we found considerably lower variation in male reproductive success than expected in a species that exhibits behavior associated with strongly polygynous mating. Low variation in male reproductive success may result from heightened mobility among receptive females in the Gulf of California, which reduces the ability of males to monopolize groups of females. Our results raise important questions regarding the adaptive role of territoriality and the potential for alternative mating tactics in this species.

Using latent semantic analysis and the predication algorithm to improve extraction of meanings from a diagnostic corpus.

There is currently a widespread interest in indexing and extracting taxonomic information from large text collections. An example is the automatic categorization of informally written medical or psychological diagnoses, followed by the extraction of epidemiological information or even terms and structures needed to formulate guiding questions as an heuristic tool for helping doctors. Vector space models have been successfully used to this end (Lee, Cimino, Zhu, Sable, Shanker, Ely & Yu, 2006; Pakhomov, Buntrock & Chute, 2006). In this study we use a computational model known as Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA) on a diagnostic corpus with the aim of retrieving definitions (in the form of lists of semantic neighbors) of common structures it contains (e.g. "storm phobia", "dog phobia") or less common structures that might be formed by logical combinations of categories and diagnostic symptoms (e.g. "gun personality" or "germ personality"). In the quest to bring definitions into line with the meaning of structures and make them in some way representative, various problems commonly arise while recovering content using vector space models. We propose some approaches which bypass these problems, such as Kintsch's (2001) predication algorithm and some corrections to the way lists of neighbors are obtained, which have already been tested on semantic spaces in a non-specific domain (Jorge-Botana, León, Olmos & Hassan-Montero, under review). The results support the idea that the predication algorithm may also be useful for extracting more precise meanings of certain structures from scientific corpora, and that the introduction of some corrections based on vector length may increases its efficiency on non-representative terms.

Using Latent Semantic Analysis and the Predication Algorithm to Improve Extraction of Meanings from a Diagnostic Corpus

There is currently a widespread interest in indexing and extracting taxonomic information from large text collections. An example is the automatic categorization of informally written medical or psychological diagnoses, followed by the extraction of epidemiological information or even terms and structures needed to formulate guiding questions as an heuristic tool for helping doctors. Vector space models have been successfully used to this end (Lee, Cimino, Zhu, Sable,Shanker, Ely & Yu, 2006; Pakhomov, Buntrock & Chute, 2006). In this study we use a computational model known asLatent Semantic Analysis (LSA) on a diagnostic corpus with the aim of retrieving definitions (in the form of lists of semantic neighbors) of common structures it contains (e.g. «storm phobia», «dog phobia») or less common structures that might be formed by logical combinations of categories and diagnostic symptoms (e.g. «gun personality» or «germ personality»). In the quest to bring definitions into line with the meaning of structures and make them in some way representative, various problems commonly arise while recovering content using vector space models. We propose some approaches which bypass these problems, such as Kintsch’s (2001) predication algorithm and some corrections to the way lists of neighbors are obtained, which have already been tested on semantic spaces in a non-specific domain (Jorge-Botana, León, Olmos & Hassan-Montero, under review). The results support the idea that the predication algorithm may also be useful for extracting more precise meanings of certain structures from scientific corpora, and that the introduction of some corrections based on vector length may increases its efficiency on non-representative terms (AU)

Actualmente existe un amplio interés en la indexación y extracción de información provenientes de grandes bancos de textos de índole taxonómica. Por ejemplo, la categorización automática de diagnósticos médicos o psicológicos redactados de manera informal y su consiguiente extracción de información epidemiológica o incluso en la extracción de términos y estructuras para la creación de preguntas-guía que asistan de forma heurística a los médicos en la búsqueda de información. Los modelos espacio-vectoriales han sido empleados con éxito en estos propósitos (Lee, Cimino, Zhu, Sable, Shanker, Ely, & Yu, 2006; Pakhomov, Buntrock, & Chute, 2006). En este estudio utilizamos un modelo computacional conocido como Análisis Semántico Latente (LSA) sobre un corpus diagnóstico con la motivación de recuperar definiciones (en forma de listados de vecinos semánticos) de estructuras habituales en ellos (e.g., «fobia a las tormentas», «fobia a los perros») o estructuras menos habituales, pero que pueden formarse por combinaciones lógicas de las categorías y síntomas diagnósticos (e.g., «personalidad de la pistola» o «personalidad de los gérmenes»). Para conseguir que las definiciones sean ajustadas al significado de las estructuras, y mínimamente representativas, se discuten algunos problemas que suelen surgir en la recuperación de contenidos con los modelos espacio-vectoriales, y se proponen algunas formas de evitarlos como el algoritmo de predicación de Kintsch (2001) y algunas correcciones en el modo de extraer listados de vecinos ya experimentadas sobre espacios semánticos de dominio general (Jorge-Botana, León, Olmos & Hassan-Montero, in review). Los resultados apoyan la idea de que el algoritmo de predicación puede ser también útil para extraer acepciones más precisas de ciertas estructuras en corpus científicos y que la introducción de algunas correcciones en base a la longitud de vector puede aumentar su eficacia ante términos poco representativos (AU)

[The case of Inmaculada Echevarría: ethical and legal implications]. / El caso de Inmaculada Echevarría: implicaciones éticas.

Inmaculada Echevarría was a woman with Progressive Muscular Dystrophy who was totally dependent on mechanical ventilation. In October 2006, she publicly asked to be disconnected of the ventilator. The clinical and biographical data of the case are presented in the first part of the work. The paper goes on to explain the decisions of the two committees that evaluated her request, that is the Regional Ethics Committee and the Consultative Council of Andalusia. Finally, the outcome of the case is presented. The second part analyzes the background of the debate on end-of-life decision making in Spain in cases such as those of Ramon Sampedro, Jorge Leon or Madeleine Z. It then presents four different settings of end-of-life decision making that have been clarified over these last years: euthanasia and assisted suicide, limitation of life-prolonging treatment, treatment refusal and palliative sedation. The article concludes that the latter three can be considered as sufficiently clarified after the case of Inmaculada Echevarría. However, the first one, that is euthanasia and assisted suicide, must be confronted by the Spanish society in forthcoming years.

El caso de Inmaculada Echevarría: implicaciones éticas / The case of Inmaculada Echevarría: ethical and legal implications

Inmaculada Echevarría padecía una distrofía muscular progresiva dependiente de ventilación mecánica. En octubre de 2006 solicitó ser sedada y desconectada del ventilador. En la primera parte del trabajo se exponen los datos clínicos y biográficos del caso. Luego se presentan las decisiones de la Comisión Autonómica de Ética e Investigación de Andalucía y el Consejo Consultivo de Andalucía, que evaluaron el caso, y el desenlace final. La segunda parte señala los antecedentes del debate, con casos como los de Ramón Sampedro, Jorge León o Madeleine Z. Luego se presentan los cuatro escenarios diferentes sobre la toma de decisiones al final de la vida que el debate ha ido clarificando en estos años: eutanasia y suicidio asistido, limitación del esfuerzo terapéutico, rechazo de tratamiento y sedación paliativa. El artículo concluye que, tras el caso de Inmaculada Echevarría, pueden darse por aclarados los tres últimos. Es el primero lo que la sociedad española deberá afrontar en los próximos años

Inmaculada Echevarría was a woman withProgressive Muscular Dystrophy who was totallydependent on mechanical ventilation. In October2006, she publicly asked to be disconnected ofthe ventilator. The clinical and biographical dataof the case are presented in the first part of thework. The paper goes on to explain the decisionsof the two committees that evaluated her request,that is the Regional Ethics Committee and theConsultative Council of Andalusia. Finally, theoutcome of the case is presented. The secondpart analyzes the background of the debate onend-of-life decision making in Spain in cases suchas those of Ramon Sampedro, Jorge Leon orMadeleine Z. It then presents four different settingsof end-of-life decision making that havebeen clarified over these last years: euthanasiaand assisted suicide, limitation of life-prolongingtreatment, treatment refusal and palliative sedation.The article concludes that the latter threecan be considered as sufficiently clarified afterthe case of Inmaculada Echevarría. However, thefirst one, that is euthanasia and assisted suicide,must be confronted by the Spanish society inforthcoming years

Efectos del Programa Cuidando al Cuidador, en la mejora de la habilidad de cuidado / Effects of the Program Caring for the Caregiver in improving caring capability / Efeitos do Programa Cuidando o cuidador, na melhora da capacidade de cuidado

Objetivo del estudio: evaluar la efectividad del ProgramaCuidando al Cuidador, para el fortalecimiento de habilidadescon grupos similares atendidos en el Hospital Nacional deOrtopedia y Rehabilitación Dr. Jorge von Ahn, de León, Guatemala.Metodología: cuantitativa de tipo cuasi experimental,con participación de un grupo muestra y otro de control.Resultados: tanto el grupo experimental como el de controltuvieron en la preprueba una alta habilidad de cuidado general,exceptuando el valor. En la posprueba ambos gruposaumentaron el conocimiento y paciencia; en menor escala esteúltimo.Discusión: el género femenino continúa asumiendo elcuidado de sus familiares, con alto conocimiento y pacienciaque podrían asociarse a características sociodemográficas, ybajo valor porque el instrumento, tal vez, tiene problemas paraevaluarlo. Aunque en la posprueba el grupo en general alcanzóla puntuación máxima en las dos dimensiones descritas con antelación,y poco fortalecimiento del valor, lo que argumenta lanecesidad de continuar desarrollando el Programa Cuidando alCuidador y promover la creación de una nueva herramienta,considerando el producto obtenido.Conclusiones: el grupo experimental y el de controlobtuvieron buena habilidad de cuidado inicial. Al ejecutar elprograma se observa incremento en conocimiento y pacienciay, en menor medida, en la dimensión de valor, por lo quese deduce que es una área no tan sensible al tratamiento efectuado.

Memoria del 8o. Simposio Internacional: La Comunicación humana y el derecho sanitario / Memory of the eigth international Symposium: The human communication an the international rigth

Compila los trabajos presentados en el 8o. Simposio Internacional ®La Comunicación Humana y el Derecho Sanitario¼, organizado por la Comisión Nacional de Arbitraje Médico (CONAMED), los día 27-28 de noviembre de 2003. Contenido: 1) Medicina asertiva; Carlos Tena Tamayo. 2) Modelos de comunicación en la relación médico-paciente; Lawrence Wissow. 3) Manejo de la información médica; Jorge Manuel Sánchez González. 4) Consentimiento informado; Gabriel Manuell Lee. 5) Información clínica y ley de transparencia; Víctor Guerra Ortiz. 6) Expediente clínico electrónico; Luis Miguel Chong Chong. 7) Confidencialidad de datos clínicos; Agustín Ramírez Ramírez. 8) Información genómica; Laura A. Albarellos. 9) Derecho informático; Gabriel Andrés Cámpoli. 10) La ética médica en el siglo XXI; Francisco Javier León Correa. 11) El derecho sanitario, medicina crítica y medicina forense; Osvaldo Romo Pizarro. 12) El derecho sanitario en México; Octavio Casa Madrid Mata. 13) El derecho sanitario, su transformación y reto; Ricardo de Lorenzo y Montero. 14) Dilemas bioéticos y derecho sanitario

Fragmentos de entomología y parasitología en la literatura de occidente: desde Cervantes a Samarago / Fragments of entomology and parasitology in the western literature: from Cervantes to Samarago

In an attempt to amplify the perspective of allusions made to entomological and parasitological situations in the 20th century Latin American narrative, a total of 25 books written by Jorge Amado (1912-2001), Miguel Angel Asturias (1989-1974), Albert Camus (1913-1960), Camilo José Cela (1916), Miguel de Cervantes (1547-1616), Julio Cortazar (1914-1984), Fedor Dostoievski (1821-1881), Jorge Edwards (1931), William Faulkner (1897-1962), Gustave Flaubert (1821-1880), Gabriel García Marquez (1928), Herman Hesse (1877-1962), Victor Hugo (1802-1885), Franz Kafka (1883-1924), Patricio Manns (1937), Benito Perez Galdos (1843-1920), Luigi Pirandello (1867-1936), Marcel Proust (1871-1922), Francisco de Quevedo (1580-1645), Ernesto Sabato (1911), Jose Samarago (1922), Alexander Soljenitsin (1918) and Leon Tolstoy (1828-1910) has been reviewed. We have selectively extracted paragraphs and fragments from them, in which in a direct or metaphoric form varied entomological or parasitological situations are quoted, by thematic affinity, in an ordered presentation

Esclerosis multiple / Multiple sclerosis

Se analizan todos los aspectos de la esclerosis múltiple por un grupo de neurólogos del Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez y de otras instituciones. Contenido: 1) Epidemiología, por Carolina León y Teresa Corona. 2) Genética, por Astrid Rasmussen. 3) Fisiopatología, por Arturo Violante y Esperanza García. 4) Modelo experimental de encefalitis alérgica experimental, por Gabriela Ordóñez. 5) Manifestaciones clínicas, por Luis Ruano y Teresa Corona. 6) Aspectos psiquiátricos, por Ignacio Ruiz. 7) Estudio de gabinete y paraclínicos, por Alma Rosa Acevedo. 8) Diagnóstico por imagen, por Rafael Rojas. 9) Tratamiento, por Teresa Corona. 10) Rehabilitación neurológica, por Jorge Hernández. 11) Grupo de apoyo, por Yaneth Rodríguez

Curso internacional diseño de disposición final de residuos sólidos (relleno sanitario) 1994

Contiene: Mitos y realidades sobre los residuos sólidos/Arturo Dávila Villareal -- Aspectos sociales del manejo de los residuos sólidos/Rosalba Cruz Jimenez -- Determinación de parámetros de diseño para Latinoamérica/Jorge Sánchez Gómez -- Estudios previos/Ricardo Estrada Nuñez -- Diseño de relleno sanitario/Felipe Lopez -- Interpretación de las características del sitio en el diseño de un relleno sanitario/Roberto K. Ham -- Water balance and leachate quantity/Peter Lechner -- Sistemas de control en la operación del relleno sanitario/Arturo Dávila Villareal -- Metodología para el emplazamiento de rellenos sanitarios/Jorge Sánchez Gómez -- Selección de sitios, aspectos geológicos y no geológicos/Isabelle A. Paris -- Características de los residuos sólidos y procedimientos para su aceptación/Leon Van Arendonk -- Legislación mexicana en materia de rellenos sanitarios/Gustavo Solórzano Ochoa -- Sistema de clasificación mediante el empleo de estándares para rellenos sanitarios de ciudades en desarrollo/Geoffrey Blight -- Clausura del relleno sanitario y su cuidado a largo lazo/Luis F. Díaz -- Desarrollo institucional/Jesús Barrera Lozano -- Impacto y monitoreo ambiental/Domingo Cobo Pérez -- Generación y cuantificación de biogas/Humberto Vidales Albarrán -- Costos en rellenos sanitarios/Francisco Zepeda -- Situación regional del aseo urbano -- OPS/OMS División de Salud y Ambiente -- Legislación sobre rellenos sanitarios en los Estados Unidos/Francisco Zepeda -- Modelos de predicción de movimientos de contaminantes/Adrián Ortega Guerrero -- Impacto y monitoreo ambiental/Domingo Cobo Pérez -- Muestreo, análisis e interpretación de los resultados de pruebas de laboratorio/Domingo Cobo Pérez

Impacto da violência sobre a saúde de jovens em situação de risco social e perspectivas de atendimento às vítimas e seus familiares - debate

O debate ocorreu após as palestras do dia 29/11, durante o seminário na parte da manhã. As discussões contaram com as participações da Representante da Organização Não Governamental ‘Médicos Sem Fronteiras, Miriam de León Kestler, e das Pesquisadoras do Centro Latino-Americano de Estudos de Violência e Saúde Jorge Careli, Simone Gonçalves de Assis e Cláudia Araújo. Os arquivos estão disponíveis para audição e/ou donwload no ícone ao lado.