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1.
Syst Parasitol ; 101(1): 3, 2023 12 18.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38105359

RESUMEN

Pseudoplatystoma punctifer is a catfish species that occupies the first place in the statistics of fishing landings in the region of Loreto, being of economic importance in the Peruvian Amazonia. As an initiative to know the parasites present in the gills of P. punctifer from the Peruvian Amazonia, a study was carried out with fish collected in the Belén Market, in Loreto-Peru. Specimens were provided between June and October 2018 from local fishermen from the Belén Market, in Loreto-Peru and samples were processed and analyzed in the "Laboratorio de Parasitología y Sanidad Acuícola" from the "Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana" (IIAP) in Iquitos, Loreto-Peru. The analyzes of the gills revealed the presence of two new species of Monogenoidea: Demidospermus aureagarciae n. sp. and D. doncellae n. sp. These species are unique among congeners by the morphology of the copulatory complex and vagina. Demidospermus aureagarciae n. sp presents a male copulatory organ as a coiled tube, with a complete counterclockwise ring, with dilated base with a developed sclerotized margin, from which a flap projects; a concave accessory piece, with a tapered and curved distal part and a saculiform vaginal vestibule, connected to the vaginal canal. Demidospermus doncellae n. sp. presents a copulatory complex that is an elongated coiled tube, with approximately three clockwise rings, with dilated base with a developed sclerotized margin, from which a flap projects; an accessory piece sheath like, and a sclerotized vagina with dextral position, with saclike vaginal vestibule, connected to an elongated canal.


Asunto(s)
Bagres , Enfermedades de los Peces , Trematodos , Infecciones por Trematodos , Femenino , Masculino , Animales , Perú , Bagres/parasitología , Branquias/parasitología , Infecciones por Trematodos/parasitología , Enfermedades de los Peces/parasitología , Especificidad de la Especie , Trematodos/anatomía & histología
2.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 77(7)1 - 15 de Octubre 2023. tab, ilus
Artículo en Español | IBECS | ID: ibc-226079

RESUMEN

Introduction. Perinatal arterial ischaemic stroke (PAIS) is almost as common as in adulthood and causes significant neurological sequelae. Aim. The aim is to describe the risk situations surrounding these neonates, the clinical manifestations, the management, the cost-effectiveness of diagnostic tests and the neurological sequelae. Patients and methods. We conducted an observational study of a cohort of patients consisting of neonates with a gestational age = 35 weeks diagnosed with PAIS in our hospital between 2010 and 2021. Results. Twenty-two cases of PAIS were included, and the incidence in our centre was 1/1,869 live newborns. The data showed that 81.8% had some intrapartum risk factor and 40.9% had a combination of several risk factors. It started with seizures (mean age 27.3 hours) in 77.3% of cases. Patients with a stroke in the left hemisphere had more sequelae (77.8%) than those with a stroke on the right-hand side (16.6%) (p = 0.041), with the exception of infantile cerebral palsy (p = 0.04), while we found no difference between hemispheres in the frequency of language impairment (p = 0.06). The mean follow-up time was 6.13 ± 3.06 years. A total of 63.6% of infants had neurological sequelae: infantile cerebral palsy (40.9%), language disorders (22.7%) and intellectual disability (9%). Moreover, 18.2% developed epilepsy (between 0.25 and 1.8 years) and antiseizure treatment was maintained after discharge in 37.5% of cases in the last years of the study. Conclusions. If a newborn infant presents seizures, it is necessary to rule out the possibility of a stroke. PAIS causes neurological sequelae in over 60% of cases. Early identification is essential to improve the neurological prognosis and avoid the prolonged use of antiseizure drugs where possible. (AU)


Introducción: El ictus cerebral isquémico arterial perinatal (IIAP) es una entidad casi tan frecuente como en la época adulta, que ocasiona secuelas neurológicas importantes.ObjetivoDescribir las situaciones de riesgo que rodean a estos neonatos, la clínica que manifiestan, el manejo, la rentabilidad de las pruebas diagnósticas y las secuelas neurológicas.Pacientes y métodosEstudio observacional de una cohorte de pacientes formada por neonatos = 35 semanas de edad gestacional diagnosticados de IIAP entre 2010 y 2021 en nuestro hospital.ResultadosSe incluyeron 22 casos de IIAP, y su incidencia en nuestro centro fue de 1/1.869 recién nacidos vivos. El 81,8% tuvo algún factor de riesgo intraparto y en el 40,9% se aglutinaron varios. Comenzó con convulsiones (edad media 27,3 horas) el 77,3% de casos. Los pacientes con ictus del hemisferio izquierdo tuvieron más secuelas (77,8%) en comparación con los derechos (16,6%) (p = 0,041), a expensas de la parálisis cerebral infantil (p = 0,04), mientras no encontramos diferencia en la frecuencia de alteraciones del lenguaje (p = 0,06) entre hemisferios. El tiempo medio de seguimiento fue de 6,13 años ± 3,06. El 63,6% de los neonatos tuvo secuelas neurológicas: parálisis cerebral infantil (40,9%), trastornos del lenguaje (22,7%) y discapacidad intelectual (9%). Desarrolló epilepsia el 18,2% (entre 0,25 y 1,8 años) y se mantuvo el tratamiento anticrisis tras el alta en el 37,5% de los casos en los últimos años del estudio.ConclusionesAnte un neonato con convulsiones hay que descartar un ictus cerebral. El IIAP ocasiona secuelas neurológicas en más del 60% de los casos. Su identificación precoz es fundamental para mejorar el pronóstico neurológico y evitar el uso prolongado de fármacos anticrisis cuando resulte posible. (AU)


Asunto(s)
Humanos , Recién Nacido , Accidente Cerebrovascular/complicaciones , Accidente Cerebrovascular/diagnóstico , Accidente Cerebrovascular/prevención & control , Epilepsia/diagnóstico , Epilepsia/prevención & control , Epilepsia/terapia , Parálisis Cerebral/diagnóstico , Parálisis Cerebral/prevención & control , Parálisis Cerebral/terapia , Enfermedades del Sistema Nervioso
3.
Rev Neurol ; 77(7): 151-158, 2023 10 01.
Artículo en Español | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37750545

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: Perinatal arterial ischaemic stroke (PAIS) is almost as common as in adulthood and causes significant neurological sequelae. AIM: The aim is to describe the risk situations surrounding these neonates, the clinical manifestations, the management, the cost-effectiveness of diagnostic tests and the neurological sequelae. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We conducted an observational study of a cohort of patients consisting of neonates with a gestational age = 35 weeks diagnosed with PAIS in our hospital between 2010 and 2021. RESULTS: Twenty-two cases of PAIS were included, and the incidence in our centre was 1/1,869 live newborns. The data showed that 81.8% had some intrapartum risk factor and 40.9% had a combination of several risk factors. It started with seizures (mean age 27.3 hours) in 77.3% of cases. Patients with a stroke in the left hemisphere had more sequelae (77.8%) than those with a stroke on the right-hand side (16.6%) (p = 0.041), with the exception of infantile cerebral palsy (p = 0.04), while we found no difference between hemispheres in the frequency of language impairment (p = 0.06). The mean follow-up time was 6.13 ± 3.06 years. A total of 63.6% of infants had neurological sequelae: infantile cerebral palsy (40.9%), language disorders (22.7%) and intellectual disability (9%). Moreover, 18.2% developed epilepsy (between 0.25 and 1.8 years) and antiseizure treatment was maintained after discharge in 37.5% of cases in the last years of the study. CONCLUSIONS: If a newborn infant presents seizures, it is necessary to rule out the possibility of a stroke. PAIS causes neurological sequelae in over 60% of cases. Early identification is essential to improve the neurological prognosis and avoid the prolonged use of antiseizure drugs where possible.


TITLE: Serie de 22 casos de ictus isquémico arterial perinatal: factores de riesgo, manejo clínico y secuelas neurológicas.Introducción. El ictus cerebral isquémico arterial perinatal (IIAP) es una entidad casi tan frecuente como en la época adulta, que ocasiona secuelas neurológicas importantes. Objetivo. Describir las situaciones de riesgo que rodean a estos neonatos, la clínica que manifiestan, el manejo, la rentabilidad de las pruebas diagnósticas y las secuelas neurológicas. Pacientes y métodos. Estudio observacional de una cohorte de pacientes formada por neonatos = 35 semanas de edad gestacional diagnosticados de IIAP entre 2010 y 2021 en nuestro hospital. Resultados. Se incluyeron 22 casos de IIAP, y su incidencia en nuestro centro fue de 1/1.869 recién nacidos vivos. El 81,8% tuvo algún factor de riesgo intraparto y en el 40,9% se aglutinaron varios. Comenzó con convulsiones (edad media 27,3 horas) el 77,3% de casos. Los pacientes con ictus del hemisferio izquierdo tuvieron más secuelas (77,8%) en comparación con los derechos (16,6%) (p = 0,041), a expensas de la parálisis cerebral infantil (p = 0,04), mientras no encontramos diferencia en la frecuencia de alteraciones del lenguaje (p = 0,06) entre hemisferios. El tiempo medio de seguimiento fue de 6,13 años ± 3,06. El 63,6% de los neonatos tuvo secuelas neurológicas: parálisis cerebral infantil (40,9%), trastornos del lenguaje (22,7%) y discapacidad intelectual (9%). Desarrolló epilepsia el 18,2% (entre 0,25 y 1,8 años) y se mantuvo el tratamiento anticrisis tras el alta en el 37,5% de los casos en los últimos años del estudio. Conclusiones. Ante un neonato con convulsiones hay que descartar un ictus cerebral. El IIAP ocasiona secuelas neurológicas en más del 60% de los casos. Su identificación precoz es fundamental para mejorar el pronóstico neurológico y evitar el uso prolongado de fármacos anticrisis cuando resulte posible.


Asunto(s)
Isquemia Encefálica , Parálisis Cerebral , Accidente Cerebrovascular Isquémico , Trastornos del Lenguaje , Accidente Cerebrovascular , Recién Nacido , Lactante , Femenino , Embarazo , Humanos , Adulto , Accidente Cerebrovascular/etiología , Accidente Cerebrovascular/terapia , Isquemia Encefálica/complicaciones , Isquemia Encefálica/terapia , Factores de Riesgo , Progresión de la Enfermedad , Convulsiones/etiología
4.
Heliyon ; 9(7): e17536, 2023 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37456057

RESUMEN

The purpose of this research is to highlight the effect of adding Leaded Glass Powder (LGP) to cement matrices. To achieve this, glass from Cathode-Ray Tube (CRT) with reactive elements (SiO2 + Al2O3 + Fe2O3) of 26.66% (determined by XRF) is collected and grounded to a particle size of 75 µm, before adding to a CPJ CEM II/A-P 42.5 cement, from 5% to 35% with a step of 5%, to make the pastes and mortars that are subsequently studied during 300 curing days. The analysis results show that the initial setting time increases linearly from 180 min (OPC) to 245 min (35 wt%) and the final setting time from 405 min (OPC) to 550 min (35 wt%). Moreover, LGP additions of 5 wt%, 10 wt%, and 15 wt% show better compressive strengths than OPC after 56 curing days, with 29 MPa, 30 MPa, and 30.9 MPa versus 26.9 MPa for OPC. The corresponding growth rates are 7.8%, 11.52%, and 14.87% respectively. Better compressive strengths are also obtained between 90 and 150 days by adding up to 20 wt% of LGP. At 300 days, only the 10 wt% and 15 wt% substitutions exhibit superior characteristics to OPC (32.1 MPa), with 33 MPa and 34.4 MPa, respectively, which translates to growth rates of 2.8% and 8.41%. The optimal substitution percentage was 15 wt% over the entire cure time investigated. The variations in porosity and water absorption of mortar specimens with the addition of glass show convex trends, indicating good correlations confirmed by the Pearson correlation test results (0.99). Furthermore, these parameters have strong correlations with the curing time (-0.65 and -0.63, respectively) and the compressive strengths (-0.84 and -0.82). The apparent density of the specimens does not describe a uniform variation, as evidenced by the low correlation coefficient with curing time (-0.49), whereas the correlations with porosity (0.76), water absorption (0.76), and compressive strength (-0.6) are strong. According to the hydrate analysis, the Alkali-Silica Reaction (ASR) is marginal in the matrix studied, and the pozzolanic reaction of the second generation involving the free lime of the cement intervenes faster than the pozzolanic reaction of the first generation, which produces the portlandite. The polynomial regression models of compressive and flexural strengths developed have correlation coefficients R2 = 0.94 and R2 = 0.91, respectively. Based on these findings, the substitution rate of cement by CRT glass recommended is 15 wt%.

5.
Chem Biodivers ; 19(4): e202101039, 2022 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35261147

RESUMEN

In order to discover highly active fungicides, sixteen novel sulfonate derivatives of Fenjuntong were synthesized by structural modification of 2'-hydroxybutyrophenone, and their anti-oomycete activity against Phytophthora capsici Leonian was determined in this study. Among all tested compounds, compound 3b displayed more significant anti-oomycete activity than the precursor Fenjuntong against P. capsici, and the EC50 values of 3b and Fenjuntong were 84.50 and 517.25 mg/L, respectively. By comparing the anti-oomycete activity of compounds 3a-p, I-a-p, and II-a-p, the following conclusions were drawn: (1) Hydroxy group is well tolerated, and sulfonylation of hydroxy group enhances its anti-oomycete activity. (2) The proper length of the ketone carbonyl chain is very important for their anti-oomycete activity. (3) The presence of a site methoxy group in the structural skeleton is closely related to the anti-oomycete activity. These important results will pave the way for further modification of Fenjuntong to develop potential new fungicides.


Asunto(s)
Fungicidas Industriales , Phytophthora , Fungicidas Industriales/química , Enfermedades de las Plantas
6.
Br J Dermatol ; 184(4): 722-730, 2021 04.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32479678

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The PROspective Cutaneous Lymphoma International Prognostic Index (PROCLIPI) study is a prospective analysis of an international database. Here we examine front-line treatments and quality of life (QoL) in patients with newly diagnosed mycosis fungoides (MF). OBJECTIVES: To identify (i) differences in first-line approaches according to tumour-nodes-metastasis-blood (TNMB) staging; (ii) parameters related to a first-line systemic approach and (iii) response rates and QoL measures. METHODS: In total, 395 newly diagnosed patients with early-stage MF (stage IA-IIA) were recruited from 41 centres in 17 countries between 1 January 2015 and 31 December 2018 following central clinicopathological review. RESULTS: The most common first-line therapy was skin-directed therapy (SDT) (322 cases, 81·5%), while a smaller percentage (44 cases, 11·1%) received systemic therapy. Expectant observation was used in 7·3%. In univariate analysis, the use of systemic therapy was significantly associated with higher clinical stage (IA, 6%; IB, 14%; IIA, 20%; IA-IB vs. IIA, P < 0·001), presence of plaques (T1a/T2a, 5%; T1b/T2b, 17%; P < 0·001), higher modified Severity Weighted Assessment Tool (> 10, 15%; ≤ 10, 7%; P = 0·01) and folliculotropic MF (FMF) (24% vs. 12%, P = 0·001). Multivariate analysis demonstrated significant associations with the presence of plaques (T1b/T2b vs. T1a/T2a, odds ratio 3·07) and FMF (odds ratio 2·83). The overall response rate (ORR) to first-line SDT was 73%, while the ORR to first-line systemic treatments was lower (57%) (P = 0·027). Health-related QoL improved significantly both in patients with responsive disease and in those with stable disease. CONCLUSIONS: Disease characteristics such as presence of plaques and FMF influence physician treatment choices, and SDT was superior to systemic therapy even in patients with such disease characteristics. Consequently, future treatment guidelines for early-stage MF need to address these issues.


Asunto(s)
Micosis Fungoide , Neoplasias Cutáneas , Humanos , Micosis Fungoide/patología , Micosis Fungoide/terapia , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Pronóstico , Estudios Prospectivos , Calidad de Vida , Neoplasias Cutáneas/patología , Neoplasias Cutáneas/terapia
7.
Int J Yoga ; 13(1): 80-83, 2020.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32030027

RESUMEN

AIM: Obstetrical trauma and chronic exposure to increased intraabdominal pressure (IIAP) are known to increase vulnerability toward stress urinary incontinence. Bhastrika and Kapalabhati being fast yogic breathing maneuvers (FYBM), their association with IIAP is likely. Therefore, a preliminary descriptive study was conducted using transabominal ultrasound mode, to find whether impact of FYBM reinforced by prevailing risk factors had any adverse effect on the bladder neck status and urethral mobility of female yogic practioners and whether simultaneous application of Moolabandha inhibited such impact. MATERIAL: Mindray DC N3 model of diagnostic ultrasound unit with M probe was used for assessment. METHODS: This study included 15 heterogenous female yoga teachers having average age, years of practice, and body mass index as 42.7 years, 7.33 years, and 24.86 kg/m2, respectively. Retrovesical angle (RVA) and posterior displacement (PD) and inferior displacement (ID) of urthetrhra were assessed while performing Bhastrika and Kapalabhati maneuvers with and without applying Moolabandha. Data obtained were then used for descriptive analysis. RESULTS: Analysis showed a mixed picture, i.e., negative impact as well as preservation of protective strain-levator reflex in certain variables while practicing FYBM. Complicated labor and practice of power yoga appeared to reinforce the impact of FYBM. The values of RVA as well as PD and ID dropped and were statistically significant when FYBM was performed with Moolabandha. Aging factor, uneventful vaginal labor, or obesity could not confirm as prevailing risk factors. CONCLUSION: Moolbandha proved its protective behavior while practicing Bhastrika and Kapalabhati by vulnerable women.

8.
Biochemistry (Mosc) ; 81(2): 152-62, 2016 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27260395

RESUMEN

Trypsins are key proteins important in animal protein digestion by breaking down the peptide bonds on the carboxyl side of lysine and arginine residues, hence it has been used widely in various biotechnological processes. In the current study, a full-length cDNA library with capacity of 5·10(5) CFU/ml from the duck (Anas platyrhynchos) was constructed. Using express sequence tag (EST) sequencing, genes coding two trypsins were identified and two full-length trypsin cDNAs were then obtained by rapid-amplification of cDNA end (RACE)-PCR. Using Blast, they were classified into the trypsin I and II subfamilies, but both encoded a signal peptide, an activation peptide, and a 223-a.a. mature protein located in the C-terminus. The two deduced mature proteins were designated as trypsin-IAP and trypsin-IIAP, and their theoretical isoelectric points (pI) and molecular weights (MW) were 7.99/23466.4 Da and 4.65/24066.0 Da, respectively. Molecular characterizations of genes were further performed by detailed bioinformatics analysis. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that trypsin-IIAP has an evolution pattern distinct from trypsin-IAP, suggesting its evolutionary advantage. Then the duck trypsin-IIAP was expressed in an Escherichia coli system, and its kinetic parameters were measured. The three dimensional structures of trypsin-IAP and trypsin-IIAP were predicted by homology modeling, and the conserved residues required for functionality were identified. Two loops controlling the specificity of the trypsin and the substrate-binding pocket represented in the model are almost identical in primary sequences and backbone tertiary structures of the trypsin families.


Asunto(s)
Proteínas Aviares/genética , Patos/genética , Tripsina/genética , Animales , Proteínas Aviares/química , Proteínas Aviares/metabolismo , Etiquetas de Secuencia Expresada , Biblioteca de Genes , Modelos Moleculares , Filogenia , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Alineación de Secuencia , Análisis de Secuencia de Proteína , Homología Estructural de Proteína , Tripsina/química , Tripsina/metabolismo
10.
Rev. peru. biol. (Impr.) ; 19(2)ago. 2012.
Artículo en Español | LILACS-Express | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: biblio-1522277

RESUMEN

El Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana - IIAP, Nature and Culture International (NCI) junto con comunidades locales, el Gobierno Regional de Loreto y otras organizaciones privadas, han estado desarrollando en la última década un modelo de cogestión comunitaria de la biodiversidad amazónica, con resultados muy promisorios. En el presente trabajo se analizan los principales logros de este modelo. En las tres cuencas donde se ejecutaron estos proyectos (Tahuayo, Yanayacu del Amazonas y Nanay) observamos la reversión de los procesos de degradación de recursos y eco sistemas, la reducción significativa de la tala, pesca y caza ilegales, y de la cosecha destructiva de recursos; también han mejorado significativamente algunos indicadores económicos de las poblaciones locales involucradas gracias a la comercialización de productos con valor agregado y la recuperación de las pesquerías, la fauna silvestre y otros recursos. Las líneas maestras de este enfoque fueron: (1) conservación productiva (conservación como negocio, esto es, recuperar recursos de flora y fauna silvestres y conservarlos productivamente para la gente, generando ingresos); (2) manejo adaptativo (medidas sencillas de manejo diseñadas y adoptadas progresivamente por las propias comunidades con apoyo de los técnicos, siguiendo el modelo de investigación participativa); (3) enfoque ecosistémico (conservación de grandes paisajes, especialmente cuencas y ecosistemas completos, incluyendo procesos ecológicos priorizados, como migraciones estacionales de peces, y conservación de áreas fuente); (4) uso y rentabilización del bosque en pie (priorizar generación de ingresos de recursos silvestres manejados vs. cambio de uso del bosque); (5) participación de todos los actores, desde las comunidades locales organizadas debidamente consultadas hasta las empresas privadas, las instituciones públicas y los tomadores de decisión; (6) desarrollo de cadenas productivas completas, con agregación de valor a productos de la biodiversidad y articulación al mercado; (7) gestión adaptativa (decisiones tomadas localmente, y adecuación progresiva de las instituciones y normas de acuerdo a las capacidades de las comunidades).


For the past 10 years, the Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana (Peruvian Amazon Research Institute) - IIAP, Nature and Culture International (NCI), together with local communities, the Regional Government of Loreto, and other private organizations, have been developing a community co-management model for the Amazonian biodiversity, with very promising results. In the three basins where such co-management projects were implemented (Tahuayo, Yanayacu and Nanay), we are seeing a concrete evidence of reversals in the processes of degradation of resources and ecosystems. In each of these basins, a significant reduction in logging, illegal fishing and hunting, and destructive harvesting methods of resources can be found as a directresult of the co-management model. Significant economic improvements to local communities are achieved mainly due to the commercialization of value-added biodiversity products, as well as the recovery of fisheries, wildlife and other resources. The main principles of this model are : (1) productive conservation (conservation as a business, that is to recover flora and fauna resources and their management in ways that allow income generation); (2) adaptive management (simple management actions designed and progressively adopted by the communities and accompanied with technical support); (3) eco-systemic approach (conservation of large landscapes, especially watersheds, prioritized ecological processes such as fishs seasonal migrations, and conservation of source areas); (4) making use of standing forest (to prioritize revenues from sustainable use of forest vs. cutting down the forest); (5) participation of all stakeholders from the organized and properly consulted local communities, to private enterprises, public institutions and all decision-makers; (6) development of complete productive chains with value-added biodiversity products and insertion in markets; (7) adaptive management (progressive adjustment of institutions and norms according to communities capacities).

11.
Sci. agropecu ; 1(2): 117-123, abr.-jun. 2010. ilus
Artículo en Inglés | LIPECS | ID: biblio-1112181

RESUMEN

Se evaluaron plantas de “camu camu” en cinco cuencas de Loreto (Perú), según el porcentaje de frutos con síntomas de infestación por plagas, la retención de flores y frutos en cada una de las cuencas y diámetros de ramas, y la influencia de la precipitación y temperatura en el proceso de caída de frutos según el estado fenológico. En el factor genético, la cuenca del río Putumayo destacó por presentar mayor retención de frutos, mayor rendimiento y peso promedio de frutos, así como menor ataque por plagas. Durante el proceso fenológico que duró 12 semanas, la etapa crítica de caída de flores y frutos ocurrió durante las primeras 7, siendo la retención de flores de 5.12%. Las plagas observadas son causantes del 9.27% de la caída, siendo el 9.15% causada por Edessa sp., y 0.12% por Conotrachellus dubiae. El otro 90.73% fue originado por otros factores no determinados tales como fisiológicos, nutritivos, competencia, vientos, lluvia. Los factores ambientales de temperatura y precipitación, ejercen una influencia directa e inversamente proporcional a la caída de frutos, respectivamente.


“Camu camu” plants were evaluated in five basins in Loreto (Peru), according to the percentage of fruits with symptoms of pest infestation, retention of flowers and fruits in each basin, diameters of branches, and the influence of precipitation and temperature in the process of falling fruit as the phonological stage. In the genetic factor, the Putumayo river basin highlighted by a longer retention of fruit. Higher yield and average fruit weight and less attack by pests. During the phonological process that lasted 12 weeks, the critical stage of flower and fruit drop occurred during the first seven, with the retention of flowers of 5.12%. The pests are causing the observed fall 9.27%, 9.15% being caused by Edessa sp., And 0.12% for Conotrachellus dubiae. The other 90.73% was caused by other undetermined factors such as physiological, nutritional, competition, wind, rain. Environmental factors of temperature and precipitation have a direct influence and inversely proportional to the fall of fruits, respectively.


Asunto(s)
Frutas/fisiología , Mejoramiento Genético , Plantas Modificadas Genéticamente , Perú
12.
ECIPERU ; 7(2): 86-90, 2010. ilus, tab
Artículo en Español | LIPECS | ID: biblio-1107891

RESUMEN

El presente trabajo se desarrolló en la Universidad Nacional Agraria de la Selva. El objetivo fue determinar la formulación para la elaboración de hamburguesa de pescado con soya texturizada y aceite de sacha inchi y evaluar su tiempo de cocción y comportamientodurante el almacenamiento. La materia prima fue pescado paco obtenido del Instituto Amazonía (IIAP). Para determinar la formulación de las hamburguesas, los tratamientos variaron la base de soya texturizada: aceite de sacha inchi –T1 (0%:5%), T2 (0%: 7,5%), T3 (0%:10%), T4 (2,5%: 5%), T5 (2,5%:7,5%), T6 (2,5%:10%), T7 (5%:5%), T8 (5%:7,5%) y T9 (5%:10%)– mediante pruebas sensoriales de diseño de bloque incompleto balanceado, prueba de bloque completo e incompleto y la prueba t. Para determinar el tiempo de cocción, se sometió los tratamientos a 85 °C por 5, 10 y 15 minutos, y se evaluó mediante la CRAc. Se evaluó el comportamiento durante el almacenamiento mediante el pH, TBARS y microbiológica. Los nueve tratamientos se evaluaron mediante el diseño de bloque incompleto balanceado, siendo los tres mejores tratamientos el T6, T5 y T7 en los atributos de textura, sabor y apariencia general. Se determinó como mejor tratamiento, el T5. El tiempo de cocción de las hamburguesas fue de 5min/85 °C, con una CRAc 16,113 %. Durante el almacenamiento por 20 días, la hamburguesa presentó buenas características fisicoquímicas y microbiológicas.


This work was developed at the Universidad Nacional Agraria de la Selva. The objective was to determine the formulation of fish burgers with textured soy and sacha inchi oil, and evaluate the cooking time of the burgers and its progress during storage. The raw material was paco fish obtained from the Instituto Amazonía (IIAP). To determine the formulation of hamburgers, treatments varied in textured soy: sacha inchi oil, and were: T1 (0%:5%), T2 (0%:7.5%), T3 (0%:10%), T4 (2.5%:5%), T5 (2.5%:7.5%), T6 (2.5%:10%), T7 (5%:5%), T8 (5%:7.5%) and T9 (5%:10%), this was determined by sensory testing of balanced incomplete block design, incomplete and complete block test, and the “t” test. To determine the burger cooking time it was subjected to 85 °C for 5,10 and 15 minutes, and it was evaluated by the CRAc. The progress during storage was evaluated by the pH, humidity, TBARS , sensory and microbiological evaluation. The nine treatments were evaluated by three balanced incomplete block design treatments T6, T5 and T7 for the attributes of texture, flavor and general appearance, where it was determined that T5 was the better treatment. The cooking time for hamburgers was 5min/85 °C, with a 16.113% CRAc. During storage for 20 days burgers showed good physicochemical and microbiological characteristics.


Asunto(s)
Alimentos de Soja , Concentración de Iones de Hidrógeno , Peces , Soja , Sustancias Reactivas al Ácido Tiobarbitúrico , Aceites de Plantas , Estudios de Intervención
13.
Tingo María; Universidad Nacional Agraria de la Selva;Sociedad Peruana de Botánica;Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana; 2010. 190 p.
Monografía en Español | MOSAICO - Salud integrativa, LILACS | ID: biblio-948708

RESUMEN

El XIII Congreso Nacional de Botánica, consciente del rol que juegan estos nobles seres vivos ha convocado a todos los estudiosos de la Scientia Amabilis a fin de que publiquen y difundan los resultados de sus investigaciones y que en una real discusión de puntos de vista y controversias se propongan las alternativas de solución a las autoridades encargadas de poner en marcha planes de gobierno acordes a la modernidad que el desarrollo de los pueblos exige. El Comité Organizador de este magno evento está completamente seguro que el aporte de los ponentes nacionales e internacionales será del más alto nivel, dado que la sociedad peruana exige de los botánicos soluciones a la desnutrición, pobreza, extrema pobreza y sobre todo a la salud. Finalmente, El Comité Organizador del XIII Congreso Nacional de Botánica quiere dejar expreso reconocimiento y agradecimiento a la Universidad Nacional Agraria de la Selva (UNAS) - Facultad de Recursos Naturales Renovables (FRNR), Sociedad Peruana de Botánica (SPB) e Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana (IIAP) en calidad de organizadores, y a la Municipalidad Distrital de Cacatachi ­ San Martín en calidad de auspiciador, quienes contribuyeron en cristalizar tan magno evento.


Asunto(s)
Congreso , Ecosistema Amazónico , Etnobotánica , Perú , Extractos Vegetales , Fitoquímicos
14.
J Trauma ; 64(5): 1159-64, 2008 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18469635

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Raised intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) or intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) may induce many adverse effects including the abdominal compartment syndrome. We evaluated a new technique for continuous monitoring of intra-abdominal pressure (CIAP) using a standard three-way bladder catheter in a diverse group of intensive care unit patients. METHODS: CIAP measured using a standard three-way bladder catheter was compared with five standard intermittent IAP (IIAP) measurements in 79 patients. RESULTS: Mean (standard deviation) CIAP was identical (15.4 mm Hg [5.8]) for CIAP and IIAP one minute after saline injection. Mean differences between methods were less than 1 mm Hg, and similar whether IIAP was measured at 1 minute, 2 minutes, 3 minutes, 4 minutes, or 5 minutes. Bland-Altman analysis comparing CIAP and IIAP (1 minute) revealed a mean difference (95% confidence interval) of -0.06 mm Hg (-0.51, 0.39). Limits of agreement were -4.12 mm Hg to 4.00 mm Hg. Considering gradations of IAH defined by the World Society of the Abdominal Compartment Syndrome, CIAP was sensitive for detecting slightly elevated IAP (>11 mm Hg) but is less sensitive for distinguishing between higher grades of IAH (e.g., pressures >20 mm Hg or 25 mm Hg). Limits of agreement were best for patients with IAP less than 20 mm Hg, surgical or traumatic diagnoses and for patients with BMI less than 26. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, CIAP is an accurate and simple means of measuring IAP when compared with the current standardized method. Elevated CIAP measurements should be confirmed with IIAP measurements if accurate grading is required until further validation and experience is obtained.


Asunto(s)
Abdomen , Síndromes Compartimentales/clasificación , Cuidados Críticos/métodos , Manometría/instrumentación , Monitoreo Fisiológico/instrumentación , Presión , Cateterismo Urinario/instrumentación , Síndromes Compartimentales/diagnóstico , Diseño de Equipo , Humanos , Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos , Monitoreo Fisiológico/métodos , Curva ROC , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados
15.
Int J Clin Pract ; 62(3): 400-5, 2008 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18261075

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: Intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) is increasingly being considered as an important physiologic parameter to be measured in critically ill patients. Traditional methods of monitoring IAP rely on intermittent IAP (IIAP) measurements using indwelling bladder catheters. Recently, a method of continuous IAP (CIAP) monitoring has been developed using a three-way bladder catheter. This study evaluates the reliability of IIAP and CIAP measurement techniques using an in vitro model. METHODS: An in vitro model of the abdomen was constructed using a 50 l container with a 100 ml infusion bag at the base to simulate a bladder. A three-way catheter tip was centered within the infusion bag filled with 50 ml saline. To simulate IAP the container was filled with water at 5 cm H(2)O increments from 10 to 25 cm H(2)O. Pressures were recorded by observers from a bedside monitor interfaced with a three-way Foley catheter using alternating intermittent and continuous techniques. Each subject was blinded to the known pressure values. Descriptive statistics and a generalised estimating equation (GEE) was used to describe the relationship of IIAP and CIAP to known pressures. RESULTS: One hundred and thirty-two (132) observations were made by 20 subjects for both IIAP and CIAP estimates. In 45.5% of IIAP measures, the estimate was correct, and it was never more than 1 cm H(2)O different from the actual. Similarly, in 38.6% of CIAP measures, the estimate was correct, and was never more than 2 cm H(2)O from the actual. The GEE regression coefficients comparing known pressures with IIAP and CIAP were 1.007 and 0.976 respectively. The minimum and maximum pressure deviations never exceeded more than 1.3 cm H(2)O from the actual. CONCLUSION: Intermittent IAP and CIAP are both reliable and reproducible methods to measure IAP in an in vitro model. There exists a direct and significant association between both measurements and the actual value. Neither measure was shown to be superior.


Asunto(s)
Abdomen/fisiopatología , Monitoreo Fisiológico/métodos , Diseño de Equipo , Humanos , Manometría/métodos , Presión , Estudios Prospectivos
16.
Iquitos; Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonia Peruana; 2007. 76 p. ilus, tab.
Monografía en Español | LILACS, MOSAICO - Salud integrativa | ID: biblio-948656

RESUMEN

La amazonía peruana posee una gran diversidad biológica, de ellas la riqueza florística es digna de resaltar. Esta abundancia incluye de manera importante a los frutales nativos como recurso vital para las sociedades amazónicas , pues constituye fuente de primer nivel en la dieta de la población, en la alimentación de animales silvestres y domesticados, así como materia prima para la agroindustria regional. Es importante reconocer la utilidad que muchas especies tienen en la vida de las comunidades nativas y mestizas: como alimento, en vestidos y utensilios para la comodidad de las personas en la construcción y el techado de las viviendas, además como aperos de caza y pesca. Tema importante a resaltar de los bosques amazónicos es la diversidad de fauna que ellos albergan, la cual tiene como base de su alimentación a los frutales nativos. Los animales brindan a los pobladores, a su vez, la fuente de proteína cercana y también servirán para la venta en comunidades y para solventar otros gastos del hogar. En este marco referencial, el Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana (IIAP), pone al alcance de la comunidad un vocabulario popular con información relevante sobre la utilización de los frutales nativos por las culturas amazónicas, así como la investigación científica que se viene desarrollando con la finalidad de contribuir al desarrollo del bienestar colectivo, incorporando especies de frutales nativos a la economía regional. En el desarrollo del texto se presenta información relacionada a la importancia de los frutales nativos en las culturas indígenas amazónicas y se los describe como fuente de la alimentación humana, ya sea al estado natural o como platos y bebidas típicas. Del mismo modo, se informa sobre la importancia de los frutales nativos como fuente en la alimentación de animales silvestres, en centros de caza y en artesanías. También se describe la domesticación de frutales nativos en comunidades mestizas e indígenas, la colecta material de propagación de las poblaciones naturales y la conservación en purmas, chacras o huertos familiares. La parte técnica científica se presenta de manera resumida como aportes del IIAP al uso y domesticación de frutales nativos amazónicos; información relevante a la prospección; colectas de material de propagación; fuentes de colección, documentación de las colecciones, manejo y tratamiento de las semillas; caracterización de plantas matrices y bancos de germoplasma; bromatología de poblaciones seleccionadas, conservación ex situ (instalación en jardines de frutales y bancos de germoplasma), selección de poblaciones o procedencias sobresalientes; promoción y difusión de semilla seleccionada;procesamiento con valor agregado; comercialización y canales de comercialización; empresas que se dedican a esta actividad. con énfasis sobre cuatro especies (aguaje, macambo, uvilla y metohuayo). Además, se presentan las perspectivas de los frutales nativos amazónicos, la tendencia como un aporte en la alimentación humana en la cantidad y calidad de nutracéuticos, con certificación de productos agroecológicos, dando oportunidad para fomentar el ecodesarrollo. Complementariamente, se incluye un glosario de términos, con algunas sinonimias de los nombres vernaculares en los países amazónicos, propias del habla coloquial y su complemento científico o etimológico respectivo.


Asunto(s)
Ecosistema Amazónico , Pueblos Indígenas , Dieta Saludable , Frutas
17.
Am J Surg ; 188(6): 679-84, 2004 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15619483

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Abdominal compartment syndrome can develop within 12 hours of intensive care unit (ICU) admission in high-risk (shock/trauma, burn, pancreatitis, postabdominal aortic surgery) patients. The current standard of intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) measurement via the urinary catheter is labor intensive, and its intermittent nature could prevent timely recognition of significant changes in IAP. We propose that continuous IAP (CIAP) can be accurately measured via the irrigation port of a three-way catheter and has good agreement with the standard intermittent IAP (IIAP). METHODS: CIAP was prospectively validated by comparing it with IIAP measurement in general surgical and trauma patients admitted to the ICU with a three-way urinary catheter. CIAP was measured via the irrigation port of the three-way catheter transduced to the bedside monitor as a continuous trace without intermittent clamping of the catheter. The standard IIAP measurements were performed via the urine drainage port after clamping the catheter and filling the bladder with 50 mL of 0.9% saline. Each patient had three separate paired measurements performed in standardized manner to compare CIAP with IIAP. Patients' demographics, injury severity, type of surgery, body mass index (BMI), and the paired individual IAP measurements were recorded. The paired measurements were compared using the Bland-Altman (B-A) method for comparing a new clinical measurement with an established one. Data are presented as mean +/- standard error of the mean. RESULTS: During a 6-month period (ending in July 2003), 25 patients were investigated. The mean age was 61.5 +/- 4 years, 66% were men, and BMI was 29.2 +/- 2 kg/m(2). Six patients had vascular surgical, four elective and three urgent general surgical interventions. There were 12 trauma patients with ISS of 23 +/- 2. The CIAP was 14.2 +/- 0.66 (range 2 to 24) mm Hg, and the IIAP was 14.0 +/- 0.68 (range 3 to 24) mm Hg. Seventy-five percent of the measured pairs were exactly the same; in 21%, there was 1 mm Hg difference and in 4% 2 mm Hg. There was no measurement difference greater than 2 mm Hg. The mean difference between the CIAP and IIAP was 0.019 +/- 0.05 mmHg. The B-A statistics revealed that the difference between the means of measurements in each individual patient was between +/-1.96 SD (95% confidence intervals). The B-A scatter plot did not follow any patterns of typical systematic bias. CONCLUSION: CIAP measurement with a three-way urinary catheter is a simple and accurate method for monitoring IAP. It has an excellent agreement with the IIAP over wide pressure ranges and should replace the current labor-intensive intermittent technique.


Asunto(s)
Abdomen , Síndromes Compartimentales/diagnóstico , Monitoreo Fisiológico/instrumentación , Cateterismo Urinario/instrumentación , Adulto , Australia , Síndromes Compartimentales/cirugía , Enfermedad Crítica , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos , Masculino , Manometría/métodos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Monitoreo Fisiológico/métodos , Presión , Estudios Prospectivos , Medición de Riesgo , Sensibilidad y Especificidad
18.
J Invest Surg ; 17(6): 315-22, 2004.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15764498

RESUMEN

Transient increased intra-abdominal pressure (IIAP) due to carbon dioxide insufflation is suspected to cause a form of ischemia-reperfusion injury. Considering this, a study was designed to assess the effect of transient IIAP on liver regeneration in a rat model. Six groups of animals (each n = 6) were studied. While experiments in Group 1 (IIAP+PHR) were subjected to IIAP, following partial hepatic resection (PHR), those in Group 2 (IIAP) experiments were subjected to IIAP. Animals in Group 3 (IR+PHR) were subjected to liver ischemia-reperfusion (IR) following PHR, and those in Group 4 (IR) underwent only IR. Group 5 (PHR) and Group 6 (healthy) served as controls. Blood was taken for assessment of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and interleukin (IL)-6 with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) at day 5 postoperatively. Each rat was then given a lethal injection of pentobarbital. Gravimetric analysis and immunohistochemistry staining for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) were used for assessments of liver regeneration. Apoptosis was assessed by immunohistochemical TUNEL index, expressed as the number of positive cells/per total number of cells at the same time. Although mean liver regeneration rates of Group 1 and Group 3 were the same, that of Group 5 was the highest (p = .04). Serum TNF-alpha levels of Group 1 versus Group 3 were 340 pg/ml versus 352 pg/ml. Serum IL-l levels of Group 1 versus Group 3 were 124 pg/ml versus 135 pg/ml. Serum TNl-alpha and IL-6 levels of Group 1 and Group 3 were the same at the first day of surgical procedure (p > .05). Mean serum TNF-alpha levels of Group 5 (387 pg/ml) were significantly higher than those of both Group 1 and Group 3 at 24 h of operation. Serum IL-6 levels of Group 5 (174 pg/ml) at the same time was higher than those of Group 1 and Group 3 at the same time (p = .01). Proliferating cell nuclear antigen indices of Group 1, Group 2, Group 3, Group 4, and Group 6 were the same; however, the mean PCNA-labeling index of Group 5 was higher than those of the others. There were no significant differences between the groups (p > .05). Liver regeneration is suppressed by transient IIAP. However, the effect of IIAP on liver apoptosis needs to be clarified.


Asunto(s)
Abdomen/fisiología , Regeneración Hepática/fisiología , Animales , Apoptosis , Femenino , Interleucina-6/análisis , Hígado/citología , Hígado/fisiología , Modelos Animales , Presión , Antígeno Nuclear de Célula en Proliferación/análisis , Ratas , Ratas Wistar , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/análisis
19.
J Urol ; 169(5): 1770-4, 2003 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12686830

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: We describe the anatomical and functional outcome in patients who underwent vaginal vault fixation to the proximal uterosacral ligaments for the treatment of vault prolapse and who also required a concomitant pubovaginal sling for associated stress urinary incontinence as well as the repair of other sector defects. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the records of 33 patients who underwent such repairs between November 1998 and December 2001. Endopelvic fascial defects were described using the pelvic organ prolapse quantitative system (POPQ). Outcome measures included anatomical and functional assessment of pelvic floor defects and urinary incontinence. RESULTS: Preoperatively all patients complained of a vaginal bulge and stress urinary incontinence, while 17 of the 33 had urge incontinence, and 24 and 9 had POPQ stage III or IV and stage II prolapse, respectively. Mean followup was 28 months (range 6 to 43). There was significant improvement in all POPQ measurements (p <0.05). Most notably vaginal cuff support improved by a mean of 7 cm. Stages IIAp (rectocele) and IIC (cuff) prolapse developed in 4 and 2 failed cases, respectively. Stress urinary incontinence was cured in all 33 patients and urge incontinence was cured in 14 of 17, while in 27 vaginal prolapse symptoms resolved and most had improved defecation dysfunction. No patients had urinary obstructive symptoms. There were no ureteral, bladder or rectal complications but 1 patient required blood transfusion. CONCLUSIONS: Suspension of the vaginal cuff to the proximal uterosacral ligaments with site specific repair of other associated endopelvic fascial defects provides excellent anatomical and functional correction of vault prolapse. Furthermore, a concomitant pubovaginal sling is a compatible repair for associated stress urinary incontinence. It did not compromise vaginal repair and prolapse repair did not jeopardize the outcome of the sling.


Asunto(s)
Ligamentos , Incontinencia Urinaria/cirugía , Prolapso Uterino/cirugía , Adulto , Anciano , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Incontinencia Urinaria/complicaciones , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Urológicos/métodos , Prolapso Uterino/complicaciones
20.
Folia amaz ; 13(1-2): 135-150, nov. 2002. ilus
Artículo en Español | LIPECS | ID: biblio-1108216

RESUMEN

El estudio como propósito de elaborar una metodología de microzonificación de Myrciaria dubia HBK Mc Vaugh, "camu camu", en base a los requerimientos ambientales del cultivo, en términos de clima tipo de suelo, pendiente, condiciones del medio, accesibilidad y predisposición de la comunidad por el cultivo. Para ello, primero se procedió a establecer una escala de valoración a cada una de las variables ambientales y posteriormente se seleccionó la zona de trabajo en la localidad de San Francisco, sobre un área total de 100 ha. El trabajo de campo se realizó en el mes de diciembre del 2000, y para ello se utilizó el método de transectos. La fase de gabinete se realizó en el Centro de Información de la Amazonía Peruana, en la Unidad de Información Geográfica y Teledetección, del Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana -IIAP, en el mes de febrero del 2001. Del trabajo de interpretación de los mapas temáticos de la microzonificación de San Francisco, se han establecido las siguientes conclusiones preliminares: con relación a la variable textura de suelo, se presenta más de 90 ha de textura buena para el cultivo, con predominancia de las clases arcillosas, arcillo-limosa y franco-arcillo-limosa. La textura arcilla franja sólo ocupa cerca de 10 ha. Respecto a la variable pendiente de terreno, se ha determiando que mayormente existen suelos con buena pendiente, entre 0 y 20 por ciento (53 ha), y pocas áreas (11 ha) con pendiente mayor de 20 por ciento, no apta para "camu camu". Con relación a la altura de inundación, 33 y 41 ha, muestran muy bueno (menos del 1 m) y bueno (entre 1 y 2 m) nivel de inundación, respectivamente. Y como respecto a la profundidad efectiva del suelo se ha detectado 39 a 46 ha con niveles bueno (entre 21 y 30 cm) y regular (entre 11 a 20 cm), respectivamente. La evaluación de pH nos indica que la zona de estuio muestra entre 32 y 64 ha con rangos de pH adecuado (entre 6.1 y 7.3) y moderado (entre 5.1 y 6.0)...


Asunto(s)
Concentración de Iones de Hidrógeno , Ecología , Zonas Agrícolas , Zonificación , Zonificación de Llanuras de Inundación
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