An Extremely Rare and Aggressive Case of Undifferentiated Carcinoma With Osteoclast-Like Giant Cells of the Pancreas Presenting as a Paraneoplastic Syndrome: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Undifferentiated carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells (UC-OGC) is a rare tumor type of pancreatic cancer. Paraneoplastic syndromes, an idiopathic inflammatory myositis characterized by various skin manifestations (such as dermatomyositis (DM)), cannot be attributed to the primary tumor itself. Here, we report an unusual case of UC-OGC presenting as a paraneoplastic syndrome, the first reported from Saudi Arabia and the Arabian Gulf states. A 49-year-old Eritrean woman with known DM was referred to our hospital with a left-sided pleural effusion. Computed tomography of the abdomen revealed a large necrotic splenic mass (~17 × 12.9 × 18.2 cm). The patient underwent exploratory laparotomy with en bloc resection of the mass (splenectomy, distal pancreatectomy, and partial excision of the left hemidiaphragm). Following a histopathological examination of the mass, UG-OGC of the pancreas, presenting as a paraneoplastic syndrome, was diagnosed. To our knowledge, this case is the first to present a paraneoplastic syndrome associated with UC-OGC. The identification of an exceedingly rare tumor presenting atypically as a paraneoplastic syndrome shows the importance of conducting comprehensive examinations of patients with malignancies, emphasizing the need for more reports of similar cases.

Unusual Acute, Massive Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding Secondary to a Proximal Jejunal Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor: A Case Report.

The most common primary non-epithelial neoplasms of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract are gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). Ten percent (10%) of GISTs arise from the jejunum. Usually, patients complain of abdominal discomfort, but they may present with complications such as intestinal obstruction or bleeding. This report describes a 35-year-old male who presented with unusually massive, acute lower GI bleeding. After resuscitation and investigations (including a contrast-enhanced computed tomography of the abdomen and lower GI endoscopy), the patient underwent diagnostic laparoscopy and bowel resection of the affected section with anastomosis, and he had an eventful postoperative course. Studies suggest that GI bleeding in GIST occurs due to the ulceration and necrosis of the overlying mucosa caused by the pressure effect of the mass. Small-bowel GISTs are categorized based on their size. Many guidelines have advocated conservative management for small GISTs (<2 cm) that are in the jejunum. This patient has a rare case of a small jejunal GIST with a rare presentation of massive lower GI bleeding. A multidisciplinary approach is useful in managing such cases, and our case showed that laparoscopic intervention is a feasible option in a stable patient with massive lower GI bleeding.