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1.
J Microencapsul ; 41(6): 479-501, 2024 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39077800

RESUMO

One of the goals of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine is restoring primary living tissue function by manufacturing a 3D microenvironment. One of the main challenges is protecting implanted non-autologous cells or tissues from the host immune system. Cell encapsulation has emerged as a promising technique for this purpose. It involves entrapping cells in biocompatible and semi-permeable microcarriers made from natural or synthetic polymers that regulate the release of cellular secretions. In recent years, droplet-based microfluidic systems have emerged as powerful tools for cell encapsulation in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. These systems offer precise control over droplet size, composition, and functionality, allowing for creating of microenvironments that closely mimic native tissue. Droplet-based microfluidic systems have extensive applications in biotechnology, medical diagnosis, and drug discovery. This review summarises the recent developments in droplet-based microfluidic systems and cell encapsulation techniques, as well as their applications, advantages, and challenges in biology and medicine. The integration of these technologies has the potential to revolutionise tissue engineering and regenerative medicine by providing a precise and controlled microenvironment for cell growth and differentiation. By overcoming the immune system's challenges and enabling the release of cellular secretions, these technologies hold great promise for the future of regenerative medicine.


Assuntos
Encapsulamento de Células , Medicina Regenerativa , Engenharia Tecidual , Humanos , Encapsulamento de Células/métodos , Medicina Regenerativa/métodos , Animais , Microfluídica/instrumentação , Técnicas Analíticas Microfluídicas/instrumentação
2.
Biomed Eng Online ; 22(1): 1, 2023 Jan 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36593487

RESUMO

Artificial, de-novo manufactured materials (with controlled nano-sized characteristics) have been progressively used by neuroscientists during the last several decades. The introduction of novel implantable bioelectronics interfaces that are better suited to their biological targets is one example of an innovation that has emerged as a result of advanced nanostructures and implantable bioelectronics interfaces, which has increased the potential of prostheses and neural interfaces. The unique physical-chemical properties of nanoparticles have also facilitated the development of novel imaging instruments for advanced laboratory systems, as well as intelligently manufactured scaffolds and microelectrodes and other technologies designed to increase our understanding of neural tissue processes. The incorporation of nanotechnology into physiology and cell biology enables the tailoring of molecular interactions. This involves unique interactions with neurons and glial cells in neuroscience. Technology solutions intended to effectively interact with neuronal cells, improved molecular-based diagnostic techniques, biomaterials and hybridized compounds utilized for neural regeneration, neuroprotection, and targeted delivery of medicines as well as small chemicals across the blood-brain barrier are all purposes of the present article.


Assuntos
Nanopartículas , Nanoestruturas , Nanotecnologia , Nanoestruturas/química , Materiais Biocompatíveis/química , Neurônios
3.
Cell Biochem Funct ; 41(5): 517-541, 2023 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37282756

RESUMO

Hyperglycemia, a distinguishing feature of diabetes mellitus that might cause a diabetic foot ulcer (DFU), is an endocrine disorder that affects an extremely high percentage of people. Having a comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of diabetic wound healing can help researchers and developers design effective therapeutic strategies to treat the wound healing process in diabetes patients. Using nanoscaffolds and nanotherapeutics with dimensions ranging from 1 to 100 nm represents a state-of-the-art and viable therapeutic strategy for accelerating the wound healing process in diabetic patients, particularly those with DFU. Nanoparticles can interact with biological constituents and infiltrate wound sites owing to their reduced diameter and enhanced surface area. Furthermore, it is noteworthy that they promote the processes of vascularization, cellular proliferation, cell signaling, cell-to-cell interactions, and the formation of biomolecules that are essential for effective wound healing. Nanomaterials possess the ability to effectively transport and deliver various pharmacological agents, such as nucleic acids, growth factors, antioxidants, and antibiotics, to specific tissues, where they can be continuously released and affect the wound healing process in DFU. The present article elucidates the ongoing endeavors in the field of nanoparticle-mediated therapies for the management of DFU.


Assuntos
Diabetes Mellitus , Pé Diabético , Nanopartículas , Humanos , Pé Diabético/tratamento farmacológico , Cicatrização , Peptídeos e Proteínas de Sinalização Intercelular , Nanopartículas/uso terapêutico , Nanotecnologia , Diabetes Mellitus/tratamento farmacológico
4.
Mol Divers ; 26(2): 1249-1258, 2022 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33978897

RESUMO

An effective and proficient process for the synthesis of a variety of thioethers via the one-step reaction of benzyl halides, aryl halides, and thiourea is presented. This strategy is a one-pot procedure to achieve a variety of thioethers without the requirement to thiols as starting compounds. A range of thioethers containing electron donating/electron-withdrawing functional groups were obtained with good to excellent yields under mild conditions. Moreover, the nanocatalyst exhibited excellent recyclability for the reaction, making it more sustainable. One-pot and multi-component synthesis, high yields of final products, green reaction media, high activity of nanocatalyst, simple separation of the products and catalyst, and high regioselectivity are several highlights of this method.


Assuntos
Bases de Schiff , Sulfetos , Catálise , Compostos de Sulfidrila
5.
Mol Divers ; 26(5): 2981-3002, 2022 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35235141

RESUMO

Angiogenesis is an important and interesting scientific subject in the area of malignant tumours. Current research importance and interest are directed in connection to blood microvessels in cancer cell proliferation, tumour growth, and metastasis. Tyrosine kinases have been intensely implicated as therapeutic targets that affect the angiogenic process in tumour growth. In the last decades, targeting angiogenesis has led to achievements in the therapy of different carcinomas by different mechanisms, such as the utilization of anti-angiogenic small molecule receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors. In the current review, we aim to track the advancements in the total synthesis of three receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (pazopanib, regorafenib and lenvatinib). This review surveys different synthetic routes for these three approved drugs (pazopanib, regorafenib and lenvatinib) which were previously published as patents (2014-2021). The purity of medicines is a very important factor during manufacturing so we have decided to review the purification process of these anticancer medicines as well. It should be noted that the different patents may have reported some procedures with different yields and purities for the synthesis of desired drug and their intermediates. In order to simplify the understanding of the contents of this review article, only the best results reported in each of these patents are reported for the synthesis of desired drug and their intermediates.


Assuntos
Neoplasias , Humanos , Indazóis , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológico , Compostos de Fenilureia , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/farmacologia , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/uso terapêutico , Piridinas , Pirimidinas , Quinolinas , Sulfonamidas , Tirosina/uso terapêutico
6.
Molecules ; 27(15)2022 Aug 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35956893

RESUMO

Designing new synthetic strategies for indazoles is a prominent topic in contemporary research. The transition-metal-catalyzed C-H activation/annulation sequence has arisen as a favorable tool to construct functionalized indazole derivatives with improved tolerance in medicinal applications, functional flexibility, and structural complexity. In the current review article, we aim to outline and summarize the most common synthetic protocols to use in the synthesis of target indazoles via a transition-metal-catalyzed C-H activation/annulation sequence for the one-step synthesis of functionalized indazole derivatives. We categorized the text according to the metal salts used in the reactions. Some metal salts were used as catalysts, and others may have been used as oxidants and/or for the activation of precatalysts. The roles of some metal salts in the corresponding reaction mechanisms have not been identified. It can be expected that the current synopsis will provide accessible practical guidance to colleagues interested in the subject.


Assuntos
Indazóis , Elementos de Transição , Catálise , Indazóis/química , Metais/química , Sais , Elementos de Transição/química
7.
Drug Metab Rev ; 53(4): 592-603, 2021 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33561356

RESUMO

In the modern age, the struggle to generate appropriate bio-based materials and nano-scaled colloidal particulates for developed application domains, has already resulted in remarkable attempts in the advancement of regulated size and shape, anisotropy, and characteristics of nanostructures. The bottom-up development strategies of components are among the most important science areas throughout nanotechnology, in which the designed building blocks are often utilized to generate novel structures by random self-assembly. In biomedical applications, Janus nanoparticles (JNPs) are necessary. This is due to their effective stimulus-responsive properties, tunable structure, biocompatibility, containing two surfaces with various hydrophobic characteristics and distinct functional groups. Featuring two parts with differing hydrophobicity has been the most critical aspect of the Janus amphiphilic particles. Development of JNPs has been afforded, using imaging agents (e.g. gold (AU) for photoacoustic imaging processing (PAI), silver for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), and Fe3O4 and MnO2 to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)). It is also to be mentioned that a number of other properties become salient - properties such as integration imaging factors into JNPs (like quantum dots, fluorescent dyes), multiple imaging methods for screening and diagnosis application can indeed be accomplished. Janus nanostructures have been promising platforms for bioengineering as therapeutic carriers, drug delivery vehicles, and biosensor equipment; they may also be employed for the transport of bioactive hydrophilic and hydrophobic materials. The main production approaches and major advancement of JNPs in the biomedical sector and cancer therapy will be described in this paper.


Assuntos
Nanopartículas Multifuncionais , Nanopartículas , Neoplasias , Ouro/química , Humanos , Compostos de Manganês/uso terapêutico , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológico , Óxidos/uso terapêutico
8.
J Biomed Sci ; 28(1): 49, 2021 Jun 21.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34154581

RESUMO

Microbubbles are typically 0.5-10 µm in size. Their size tends to make it easier for medication delivery mechanisms to navigate the body by allowing them to be swallowed more easily. The gas included in the microbubble is surrounded by a membrane that may consist of biocompatible biopolymers, polymers, surfactants, proteins, lipids, or a combination thereof. One of the most effective implementation techniques for tiny bubbles is to apply them as a drug carrier that has the potential to activate ultrasound (US); this allows the drug to be released by US. Microbubbles are often designed to preserve and secure medicines or substances before they have reached a certain area of concern and, finally, US is used to disintegrate microbubbles, triggering site-specific leakage/release of biologically active drugs. They have excellent therapeutic potential in a wide range of common diseases. In this article, we discussed microbubbles and their advantageous medicinal uses in the treatment of certain prevalent disorders, including Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, cardiovascular disease, diabetic condition, renal defects, and finally, their use in the treatment of various forms of cancer as well as their incorporation with nanoparticles. Using microbubble technology as a novel carrier, the ability to prevent and eradicate prevalent diseases has strengthened the promise of effective care to improve patient well-being and life expectancy.


Assuntos
Meios de Contraste/efeitos adversos , Erradicação de Doenças/métodos , Sistemas de Liberação de Medicamentos/métodos , Microbolhas , Ultrassonografia
9.
Beilstein J Org Chem ; 17: 1600-1628, 2021.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34354770

RESUMO

Diverse strategies for the efficient and attractive synthesis of a wide variety of relevant 1,4,5-trisubstituted 1,2,3-triazole molecules are reported. The synthesis of this category of diverse fully functionalized 1,2,3-triazoles has become a necessary and unique research subject in modern synthetic organic key transformations in academia, pharmacy, and industry. The current review aims to cover a wide literature survey of numerous synthetic strategies. Recent reports (2017-2021) in the field of 1,4,5-trisubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles are emphasized in this current review.

10.
Drug Metab Rev ; 51(1): 12-41, 2019 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30741033

RESUMO

In this Review article, recent progress in matter of graphene oxide (GO) synthesis and its functionalization via a vast range of materials, including small molecules, polymers, and biomolecules, were reported and systematically summarized in order to overcome the inherent drawbacks of GO nanocarriers and thereby make these nanocarriers suitable for delivering chemotherapeutic agents, genes, and short interfering RNAs. Briefly, this work describes current strategies for the large scale production of GO and modification of graphene-based nanocarriers surfaces through practical chemical approaches, improving their biocompatibility and declining their toxicity. It also describes the most relevant cases of study suitable to demonstrate the role of graphene and graphene derivatives (GD) as nanocarrier for anti-cancer drugs and genes (e.g. miRNAs). Moreover, the controlled release mechanisms within the cell compartments and blood pH for targeted therapeutics release in the acidic environment of tumor cells or in intracellular compartments are mentioned and explored.


Assuntos
Portadores de Fármacos/química , Grafite/química , Nanopartículas/química , Animais , Antineoplásicos/química , Sistemas de Liberação de Medicamentos/métodos , Humanos , Nanomedicina/métodos
11.
Drug Metab Rev ; 51(1): 91-104, 2019 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30784324

RESUMO

In this article, graphene oxide Nano ribbons (GONRs) and its high potential for using in medical fields have been reviewed. Recently, Graphene Nano ribbons (GNRs) has been a field of interest in biological methods and disease treatment such as drug delivery, DNA applications, and photothermal cancer therapies. GNRs demonstrate more efficient properties rather than other graphene-based Nanomaterials due to their larger surface area. These novel properties made them into a remarkable substitute material for biological fields as they have different cytotoxic effects and almost nontoxic to human health and the environment. In this study, some of the significant effects of GNRs such as Geno toxicity effects in human mesenchymal stem cells, DNA assembly, drug delivery agents, and the use of PEGylated GNRs in photothermal cancer therapy has been investigated.


Assuntos
DNA/química , Grafite/química , Nanopartículas/química , Animais , Sistemas de Liberação de Medicamentos/métodos , Humanos , Nanoestruturas/química
12.
Drug Metab Rev ; 51(4): 589-611, 2019 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31296075

RESUMO

In recent years, core-shell (CS) nanofiber has widely been used as a carrier for controlled drug release. This outstanding attention toward CS nanofiber is mainly due to its tremendous significance in controllable drug release in specific locations. The major advantage of CS nanofibers is forming a highly porous mesh, boosting its performance for many applications, due to its large surface-to-volume ratio. This inherently high ratio has prompted electrospun fibers to be considered one of the best drug-delivery-systems available, with the capacity to enhance properties such as cell attachment, drug loading, and mass transfer. Using electrospun fibers as CS nanofibers to incorporate different cargos such as antibiotics, anticancer agents, proteins, DNA, RNA, living cells, and diverse growth factors would considerably satisfy the need for a universal carrier in the field of nanotechnology. In addition to their high surface area, other benefit included in these nanofibers is the ability to trap drugs, easily controlled morphology, and their biomimetic characteristics. In this review, by taking the best advantages of the preparation and uses of CS nanofibers, a novel work in the domain of the controlled drug delivery by nanofiber-based scaffolds is presented.


Assuntos
Preparações de Ação Retardada/administração & dosagem , Sistemas de Liberação de Medicamentos/métodos , Nanofibras/administração & dosagem , Preparações de Ação Retardada/química , Humanos , Nanofibras/química
13.
Front Chem ; 12: 1407071, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39176074

RESUMO

Background: Typically, organic dyes show lower excited state lifetimes, a key hindrance in the development of efficient photoredox processes. Due to their distinctive qualities and efficiency, a particular class of organic chromophores has drawn considerable interest from the scientific community. Thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF), is only seen in molecules with a minimal energy gap (usually less than 0.2 eV) between their lowest two excited states, i.e., singlet excited state (S1) and triplet excited state (T1), is a distinctive property of the molecules under study. Isophthalonitriles are a promising family of chromophores for use as organic photocatalysts because of the ease with which their redox potentials may be adjusted and the prolonged singlet excited states resulting from TADF. Methods: A sustainable process for the photosynthesis of polyfunctionalized dihydro-2-oxypyrroles has been developed using the Michael-Mannich cyclocondensation of amines, dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylates, and formaldehyde. The development of a green radical synthesis strategy for this family of chemicals is discussed in detail in the current work. This work used a novel halogenated dicyanobenzene-based photosensitizer was used as a photocatalyst. It was dissolved in ethanol, exposed to air at ambient temperature, and triggered by a blue light-emitting diode as a renewable energy source. This project's main goal is to use a novel conveniently accessible, reasonably priced donor-acceptor (D-A) based on halogenated cyanoarene. Findings: When exposed to visible light, the 3DPAFIPN [2,4,6-tris(diphenylamino)-5-fluoroisophthalonitrile] photocatalyst, which is a thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF), can induce single-electron transfer (SET), providing a simple and green method that is highly effective, energy-efficient, and environmentally friendly. Also, we calculated the turnover number (TON) and turnover frequency (TOF) for polyfunctionalized dihydro-2-oxypyrroles. Gram-scale cyclization has also been shown to be a practical technique for use in industrial applications.

14.
RSC Adv ; 14(29): 20609-20645, 2024 Jun 27.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38952944

RESUMO

The photocatalytic field revolves around the utilization of photon energy to initiate various chemical reactions using non-adsorbing substrates, through processes such as single electron transfer, energy transfer, or atom transfer. The efficiency of this field depends on the capacity of a light-absorbing metal complex, organic molecule, or substance (commonly referred to as photocatalysts or PCs) to execute these processes. Photoredox techniques utilize photocatalysts, which possess the essential characteristic of functioning as both an oxidizing and a reducing agent upon activation. In addition, it is commonly observed that photocatalysts exhibit optimal performance when irradiated with low-energy light sources, while still retaining their catalytic activity under ambient temperatures. The implementation of photoredox catalysis has resuscitated an array of synthesis realms, including but not limited to radical chemistry and photochemistry, ultimately affording prospects for the development of the reactions. Also, photoredox catalysis is utilized to resolve numerous challenges encountered in medicinal chemistry, as well as natural product synthesis. Moreover, its applications extend across diverse domains encompassing organic chemistry and catalysis. The significance of photoredox catalysts is rooted in their utilization across various fields, including biomedicine, environmental pollution management, and water purification. Of course, recently, research has evaluated photocatalysts in terms of cost, recyclability, and pollution of some photocatalysts and dyes from an environmental point of view. According to these new studies, there is a need for critical studies and reviews on photocatalysts and photocatalytic processes to provide a solution to reduce these limitations. As a future perspective for research on photocatalysts, it is necessary to put the goals of researchers on studies to overcome the limitations of the application and efficiency of photocatalysts to promote their use on a large scale for the development of industrial activities. Given the significant implications of the subject matter, this review seeks to delve into the fundamental tenets of the photocatalyst domain and its associated practical use cases. This review endeavors to demonstrate the prospective of a powerful tool known as photochemical catalysis and elucidate its underlying tenets. Additionally, another goal of this review is to expound upon the various applications of photocatalysts.

15.
Front Chem ; 12: 1361266, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38496273

RESUMO

Background: Organic dyes often have shorter lifetimes in the excited state, which is a major obstacle to the development of effective photoredox methods. The scientific community has shown a great deal of interest in a certain class of organic chromophores because of their unique characteristics and effectiveness. One characteristic of the molecules under research is thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF), which is only observed in molecules with a tiny energy gap (often less than 0.2 eV) between their lowest two excited states, i.e., singlet excited state (S1) and triplet excited state (T1). The extended singlet excited states arising from TADF and the simplicity with which their redox potentials may be altered make the isophthalonitrile family of chromophores an attractive option for organic photocatalyst applications. Methods: The Biginelli reaction between ß-ketoesters, arylaldehydes, and urea/thiourea has been used to build a sustainable technique for the production of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2-(1H)-one/thione derivatives. In the present study, the development of a green radical synthesis approach for this class of compounds is addressed in depth. As a photocatalyst, a new halogenated dicyanobenzene-based photosensitizer was employed in this study. As a renewable energy source activated by a blue LED, it was dissolved in ethanol, at room temperature in air atmosphere. The primary objective of this research is to employ a novel donor-acceptor (D-A) based on halogenated cyanoarene that is affordable, easily available, and innovative. Findings: The 3DPAFIPN [2,4,6-tris(diphenylamino)-5-fluoroisophthalonitrile] photocatalyst, a thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF), induces single-electron transfer (SET) in response to visible light, offering a straightforward, eco-friendly, and highly efficient process. Additionally, we determined the 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2-(1H)-one/thione derivatives turnover frequency (TOF) and turnover number (TON). It has also been demonstrated that gram-scale cyclization is a workable method for industrial purposes.

16.
Front Chem ; 12: 1304850, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38595702

RESUMO

A sustainable methodology for the synthesis of pyrano [2,3-d] pyrimidine scaffolds have been developed, employing the Knoevenagel-Michael tandem cyclocondensation reaction of barbituric acid/1,3-dimethylbarbituric acid, malononitrile, and aryl aldehydes. This study elucidates the advancement of a sustainable and environmentally conscious approach to synthesizing this category of chemical compounds. In the present investigation, a novel photosensitizer comprising proflavine (PFH+) bio-photocatalyst was employed in an aqueous medium, subjected to air atmosphere at room temperature, and stimulated by a blue-light-emitting diode (LED) to harness renewable energy. The fundamental objective of this initiative is to utilize a photosensitizer (PS) biocatalyst that has been recently developed, can be conveniently acquired, and is priced affordably. The proflavine (PFH+) photocatalyst, demonstrates the ability to initiate photoinduced-electron transfer (PET) through exposure to visible light. This property endows the photocatalyst with a practical and efficient method of achieving high effectiveness, energy efficiency, and environmentally friendly outcomes. The current research endeavor has the objective of examining the turnover number (TON) and turnover frequency (TOF) pertaining to pyrano [2,3-d] pyrimidine scaffolds. Moreover, it has been validated that cyclization at the gram-scale is a feasible approach that can be employed in various industrial settings.

17.
ACS Omega ; 9(3): 3123-3142, 2024 Jan 23.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38284011

RESUMO

As a result of the transformation of inflexible electronic structures into flexible and stretchy devices, wearable electronics now provide great advantages in a variety of fields, including mobile healthcare sensing and monitoring, human-machine interfaces, portable energy storage and harvesting, and more. Because of their enriched surface functionalities, large surface area, and high electrical conductivity, transition metal nitrides and carbides (also known as MXenes) have recently come to be extensively considered as a group of functioning two-dimensional nanomaterials as well as exceptional fundamental elements for forming flexible electronics devices. This Review discusses the most recent advancements that have been made in the field of MXene-enabled flexible electronics for wearable electronics. The emphasis is placed on extensively established nonstructural features in order to highlight some MXene-enabled electrical devices that were constructed on a nanometric scale. These attributes include devices configured in three dimensions: printed materials, bioinspired structures, and textile and planar substrates. In addition, sample applications in electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding, energy, healthcare, and humanoid control of machinery illustrate the exceptional development of these nanodevices. The increasing potential of MXene nanoparticles as a new area in next-generation wearable electronic technologies is projected in this Review. The design challenges associated with these electronic devices are also discussed, and possible solutions are presented.

18.
Int J Biol Macromol ; 254(Pt 1): 127663, 2024 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37884234

RESUMO

The sustainable processes are now in tremendous demand for nanomaterial synthesis as a result of their unique properties and characteristics. The magnetic nanoparticles comprised of Fe3O4 and its conjugate with abundant and renewable biopolymer, chitosan, were synthesized using Prosopis farcta biomass extract, and the resulting materials were used to adsorb Pb (II) from aqueous solution. Thermodynamic parameters revealed that the sorption of lead (II) on Fe3O4 as well as Fe3O4-Chitosan (Fe3O4-CS) has been an endothermic and self-regulating procedure wherein the sorption kinetics was defined by a pseudo-second-order pattern and the sorption isotherms corresponded to the Freundlich pattern. A multivariable quadratic technique for adsorption process optimization was implemented to optimize the lead (II) adsorption on Fe3O4 and Fe3O4-chitosan nanoparticles, the optimal conditions being pH 7.9, contact time of 31.2 min, initial lead concentration of 39.2 mg/L, adsorbent amount of 444.3 mg, at a 49.7 °C temperature. The maximum adsorption efficiencies under optimal conditions were found to be 69.02 and 89.54 % for Fe3O4 and Fe3O4-CS adsorbents, respectively. Notably, Fe3O4 and Fe3O4-CS can be easily recovered using an external magnet, indicating that they are a viable and cost-effective lead removal option.


Assuntos
Quitosana , Nanopartículas de Magnetita , Prosopis , Poluentes Químicos da Água , Purificação da Água , Chumbo/química , Quitosana/química , Nanopartículas de Magnetita/química , Biomassa , Adsorção , Cinética , Poluentes Químicos da Água/química , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Purificação da Água/métodos
19.
Cancer Imaging ; 24(1): 127, 2024 Sep 20.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39304961

RESUMO

Multimodal imaging unfolds as an innovative approach that synergistically employs a spectrum of imaging techniques either simultaneously or sequentially. The integration of computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), positron emission tomography (PET), and optical imaging (OI) results in a comprehensive and complementary understanding of complex biological processes. This innovative approach combines the strengths of each method and overcoming their individual limitations. By harmoniously blending data from these modalities, it significantly improves the accuracy of cancer diagnosis and aids in treatment decision-making processes. Nanoparticles possess a high potential for facile functionalization with radioactive isotopes and a wide array of contrast agents. This strategic modification serves to augment signal amplification, significantly enhance image sensitivity, and elevate contrast indices. Such tailored nanoparticles constructs exhibit a promising avenue for advancing imaging modalities in both preclinical and clinical setting. Furthermore, nanoparticles function as a unified nanoplatform for the co-localization of imaging agents and therapeutic payloads, thereby optimizing the efficiency of cancer management strategies. Consequently, radiolabeled nanoparticles exhibit substantial potential in driving forward the realms of multimodal imaging and theranostic applications. This review discusses the potential applications of molecular imaging in cancer diagnosis, the utilization of nanotechnology-based radiolabeled materials in multimodal imaging and theranostic applications, as well as recent advancements in this field. It also highlights challenges including cytotoxicity and regulatory compliance, essential considerations for effective clinical translation of nanoradiopharmaceuticals in multimodal imaging and theranostic applications.


Assuntos
Imagem Multimodal , Nanopartículas , Neoplasias , Nanomedicina Teranóstica , Humanos , Neoplasias/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias/terapia , Nanomedicina Teranóstica/métodos , Imagem Multimodal/métodos , Compostos Radiofarmacêuticos , Animais , Tomografia Computadorizada de Emissão de Fóton Único/métodos
20.
Sci Rep ; 14(1): 5855, 2024 03 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38467729

RESUMO

The antifungal efficacy and cytotoxicity of a novel nano-antifungal agent, the Fe3O4@SiO2/Schiff-base complex of Cu(II) magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), have been assessed for targeting drug-resistant Candida species. Due to the rising issue of fungal infections, especially candidiasis, and resistance to traditional antifungals, there is an urgent need for new therapeutic strategies. Utilizing Schiff-base ligands known for their broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, the Fe3O4@SiO2/Schiff-base/Cu(II) MNPs have been synthesized. The Fe3O4@SiO2/Schiff-base/Cu(II) MNPs was characterized by Fourier Transform-Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM), and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), demonstrating successful synthesis. The antifungal potential was evaluated against six Candida species (C. dubliniensis, C. krusei, C. tropicalis, C. parapsilosis, C. glabrata, and C. albicans) using the broth microdilution method. The results indicated strong antifungal activity in the range of 8-64 µg/mL with the lowest MIC (8 µg/mL) observed against C. parapsilosis. The result showed the MIC of 32 µg/mL against C. albicans as the most common infection source. The antifungal mechanism is likely due to the disruption of the fungal cell wall and membrane, along with increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation leading to cell death. The MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay for cytotoxicity on mouse L929 fibroblastic cells suggested low toxicity and even enhanced cell proliferation at certain concentrations. This study demonstrates the promise of Fe3O4@SiO2/Schiff-base/Cu(II) MNPs as a potent antifungal agent with potential applications in the treatment of life-threatening fungal infections, healthcare-associated infections, and beyond.


Assuntos
Nanopartículas de Magnetita , Micoses , Animais , Camundongos , Antifúngicos/farmacologia , Antifúngicos/química , Dióxido de Silício/farmacologia , Dióxido de Silício/química , Espectroscopia de Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourier , Nanopartículas de Magnetita/química , Candida , Candida albicans , Candida parapsilosis , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana
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