Research activities of the Latin American Center of Perinatology

Meeting of the Advisory Committee on Health Research, 34. Pan American Health Organization; 12-14 Jul. 1999

Programa de Investigacion del Centro Latinoamericano de Perinatologia y Desarrollo Humana (CLAP) / Research activities of the Latin American Center of Perinatology

Reunion del Comite Asesor de Investigaciones en Salud, 34. Organización Panamericana de la Salud; 12-14 jul 1999

Programa de Investigación del Centro Latinoamericano de Perinatología y Desarrollo Humana (CLAP) / Research activities of the Latin Américan Center of Perinatology

Reunión del Comité Asesor de Investigaciónes en Salud, 34. Organización Panamericana de la Salud; 12-14 jul. 1999

Factores de riesgo de bajo peso al nacer en un grupo de embarazadas de Rosario, Argentina / Selection of mothers with increased risk of delivery low birthweight newborns at a public maternity hospital in Rosario, Argentina

A study aimed at determining the means of reducing the prevalence of low birthweight was conducted from August 1984 to January 1985. Fifteen risk factors were selected that can be identified in the first prenatal consultation. The prevalence of these factors was calculated on the basis of 1 209 clinical histories of mothers who had given birth at the Martin Maternity Hospital in Rosario, Argentina. Also calculated were the relative risk and the attributable percentage of risk for low birthweight, retarded intrauterine growth, and preterm birth. A previous history of the mother having delivered low-weight newborns coupled with her having worked more than four hours a day was associated with a significant relative risk of low birthweigh (3.48 and 2.15). Also, those with a history of having delivered low-weight newborns whose weight at the same time was below the 10th percentile were at significant relative risk for retarded intrauterine growth (3.75 and 2.17). The relative risk factors of: previous delivery of low-weight newborns, husband without schooling, mother under 18 years of age, husband unemployed, and mother without any schooling or only incomplete primary education (1.81, 2.04, 1.46, 1.56, and 1.53, respectively). None of the other factors traditionally regarded as risk were significant in this study

El parto pretérmino : detección de riesgos y tratamientos preventivos / Preterm delivery : prevention through risk detection and treatment

Todos los años nacen en el mundo alrededor de 13 millones de niños prematuros. La mayor parte de esos niños nacen en países en desarrollo y constituyen el componente principal de la morbilidad y la mortalidad perinatales. En el presente estudio de revisión se analizaron los datos científicamente validados sobre las intervenciones que se emplean con la intención de evitar al menos una parte de los partos pretérmino y disminuir su impacto en la salud neonatal. Se consultaron las bases de datos Biblioteca Cochrane y Medline y se estudiaron 50 trabajos de revisión y artículos de investigación relacionados con el tema del parto pretérmino en sus siguientes aspectos: factores de riesgo y detección precoz del riesgo de parto pretérmino; prevención de la amenaza de parto pretérmino; tratamiento del parto pretérmino iniciado, y prevención del síndrome de dificultad respiratoria neonatal. Se encontraron pocos medios ensayados con éxito para predecir, prevenir o detectar precozmente la amenaza de parto pretérmino. Solo el tamizaje y tratamiento de la bacteriuria asintomática pueden recomendarse para todas las embarazadas como parte del control prenatal. El tamizaje de la vaginosis bacteriana y su tratamiento ulterior y el cerclaje profiláctico reducen, respectivamente, la incidencia de nacimientos adelantados en embarazadas con antecedentes de parto prematuro y en las que tienen antecedentes de más de tres partos pretérmino. Como tratamiento del parto iniciado antes de tiempo, con o sin rotura prematura de membranas, las intervenciones que han mostrado eficacia son la administración de betamiméticos a la parturienta para prolongar por 48 horas el período de latencia del parto y de indometacina con el mismo objetivo como medicamento de segunda elección. La administración prenatal de corticoides a la embarazada puede inducir la maduración pulmonar del feto y reducir el síndrome de dificultad respiratoria y la hemorragia ventricular, reduciendo así la mortalidad neonatal. Se recomienda continuar y apoyar las investigaciones básicas y epidemiológicas sobre la prevención para adquirir más conocimientos sobre las causas y mecanismos del parto pretérmino y cómo prevenir la morbilidad y mortalidad que produce

Factores de riesgo de bajo peso al nacer en un grupo de embarazadas de Rosario, Argentina / Selection of mothers with increased risk of delivery low birthweight newborns at a public maternity hospital in Rosario, Argentina

A study aimed at determining the means of reducing the prevalence of low birthweight was conducted from August 1984 to January 1985. Fifteen risk factors were selected that can be identified in the first prenatal consultation. The prevalence of these factors was calculated on the basis of 1 209 clinical histories of mothers who had given birth at the Martin Maternity Hospital in Rosario, Argentina. Also calculated were the relative risk and the attributable percentage of risk for low birthweight, retarded intrauterine growth, and preterm birth. A previous history of the mother having delivered low-weight newborns coupled with her having worked more than four hours a day was associated with a significant relative risk of low birthweigh (3.48 and 2.15). Also, those with a history of having delivered low-weight newborns whose weight at the same time was below the 10th percentile were at significant relative risk for retarded intrauterine growth (3.75 and 2.17). The relative risk factors of: previous delivery of low-weight newborns, husband without schooling, mother under 18 years of age, husband unemployed, and mother without any schooling or only incomplete primary education (1.81, 2.04, 1.46, 1.56, and 1.53, respectively). None of the other factors traditionally regarded as risk were significant in this study