RESUMO
PURPOSE: Despite benefits in functional renal outcome and favorable oncological efficacy, previous studies show marked underuse of partial nephrectomy (PN). We investigated national utilization of partial and radical nephrectomy (RN) using a contemporary, prospective population-based cohort. METHODS: Between June and December 2010, 1,237 patients were treated by PN or RN for renal cell carcinoma in 56 French centers. Data were prospectively collected, and statistical analyses were performed. RESULTS: Overall, 667 (53.9 %) and 570 patients (46.1 %) underwent RN and PN, respectively. In case of PN, surgical approach was an open PN in 63.3 % of cases, a laparoscopic PN in 21.0 % of cases and a robot-assisted PN in 15.7 % of cases. PN was used in T1a, T1b, T2 and T3 tumors in 395 (76.7 %), 131 (38.2 %), 29 (14.7 %) and 7 (4.6 %), respectively. Median ischemia time was 16 min [0-60], and mean blood loss was 280.4 ml (±339.9). Tumor characteristics and operative features were significantly different according to the surgical approach. Warm ischemia time was significantly higher in case of laparoscopic or robot-assisted procedure (p < 0.001). There was no statistical significant difference in blood loss and transfusion rate according to surgical approach. Postoperative medical and surgical complications occurred in 8.2 and 10.0 % of PN, respectively, with no significant difference according to surgical approach. CONCLUSIONS: Partial nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma is commonly used in this French centers sample. Mini-invasive approaches represent also a significant part of all partial nephrectomies with no difference in terms of complication rates.
Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Renais/cirurgia , Neoplasias Renais/cirurgia , Laparoscopia/estatística & dados numéricos , Nefrectomia/métodos , Nefrectomia/estatística & dados numéricos , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Robóticos/estatística & dados numéricos , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , França , Humanos , Laparoscopia/efeitos adversos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Nefrectomia/efeitos adversos , Duração da Cirurgia , Estudos Prospectivos , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Robóticos/efeitos adversos , Resultado do Tratamento , Isquemia Quente , Adulto JovemRESUMO
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Provider volume has been shown to affect outcomes of various surgical procedures. Because of its technical complexity, it is likely that partial nephrectomy outcomes can be affected by hospital and/or surgeon volume. However, until recently, there were few publications on the subject. Our objective is to discuss recent findings on the impact of surgical volume on partial nephrectomy outcomes. RECENT FINDINGS: Two studies found a link between the number of partial nephrectomy performed at an institution and postoperative outcomes. Data extrapolated from articles on learning curve of laparoscopic partial nephrectomy suggest that surgeon volume can also affect partial nephrectomy outcomes. Partial nephrectomy is underused in low-volume centers. Robotic partial nephrectomy has a shorter learning curve compared to laparoscopic partial nephrectomy and may increase the use of partial nephrectomy vs. radical nephrectomy. Results on the impact of provider volume on the surgical approach are conflicting. SUMMARY: There are few publications suggesting an impact of hospital volume on partial nephrectomy outcomes but the importance of the surgeon volume remains unclear. Higher surgical volume is associated with increased use of partial nephrectomy.
Assuntos
Hospitais com Alto Volume de Atendimentos/estatística & dados numéricos , Hospitais com Baixo Volume de Atendimentos/estatística & dados numéricos , Neoplasias Renais/cirurgia , Nefrectomia/métodos , Néfrons/cirurgia , Tratamentos com Preservação do Órgão/métodos , Humanos , Incidência , Laparoscopia/métodos , Curva de Aprendizado , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Robóticos/métodos , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
UNLABELLED: WHAT'S KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT? AND WHAT DOES THE STUDY ADD?: There is little known about optical spectroscopy techniques ability to evaluate renal tumours. This study shows for the first time the ability of Raman and optical reflectance spectroscopy to distinguish benign and malignant renal tumours in an ex vivo environment. We plan to develop this optical assistance in the operating room in the near future. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the ability of Raman spectroscopy (RS) and optical reflectance spectroscopy (ORS) to distinguish benign and malignant renal tumours at surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between March and October 2011, RS and ORS spectra were prospectively acquired on surgical renal specimens removed for suspicion of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Optical measurements were done immediately after surgery. Optical signals were normalised to ensure comparison between spectra. Initial and final portions of each spectrum were removed to avoid artefacts. A support vector machine (SVM) was built and tested using a leave-one-out cross-validation. Classification scores, including accuracy, sensitivity and specificity were calculated on the entire population and in patients with tumours of <4 cm. RESULTS: In all, 60 nephrectomies were performed for 53 malignant tumours (41 clear-cell, eight papillary and four chromophobe carcinomas) and seven benign tumours (four oncocytomas, two angiomyolipomas and a haemorrhagic cyst). In all, >700 optical spectra were obtained and submitted to SVM classification. The SVM could recognise benign and malignant renal tumours with an accuracy of 96% (RS) and 88% (ORS) in the whole population and with an accuracy of 93% (RS) and 95% (ORS) in the present subset of small renal tumours (<4 cm). Histological subtype could be determined in 80% and 88% of the cases with RS and ORS, respectively. The SVM was able to differentiate chromophobe carcinomas and benign lesions with an accuracy of 96% in RS and 98% in ORS. CONCLUSION: Benign and malignant renal tumours can be accurately discriminated by a combination of RS and ORS. In vivo experiments are needed to further assess the value of optical spectroscopy techniques.
Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Renais/patologia , Neoplasias Renais/patologia , Nefrectomia/métodos , Análise Espectral Raman , Carcinoma de Células Renais/cirurgia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Feminino , Humanos , Neoplasias Renais/cirurgia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Sensibilidade e EspecificidadeRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the feasibility of laparoscopic nephrectomy for big tumors. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Data from 116 patients were retrospectively collected from 16 tertiary centres. Clinical and operative parameters, tumor characteristics, pre- and postoperative parameters, and renal function before and after surgery were analyzed. RESULTS: Mean age and body mass index were 61 years and 27.8 kg/m(2), respectively. Males represented 63.8% of patients, and 54.4% presented symptoms at diagnosis. Median tumor size was 11 cm, and 75% of the cases were performed by expert surgeons. Median operative time and blood loss were 180 minutes and 200 mL respectively. Conversion to open surgery was necessary in 20.7% of cases. Intraoperative complications related to massive hemorrhage occurred in 16.4% of patients, resulting in open conversion in 62.5%. Major postoperative complications occurred in only 10 patients (8.6%). In univariate analysis, intraoperative complications, age, and blood loss were predictive factors of conversion to open surgery. Positive surgical margins occurred in 6 patients (5.2%). None of them presented a local recurrence. Predictive factors of recurrence or progression were lymph node invasion, metastases, and Furhman grade. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic nephrectomy for tumors > 10 cm can be performed safely. Complication rate and positive surgical margins are similar to open surgery. In experienced hands, the benefit of a mini invasive surgery remains evident.