RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Soft tissue or skin infections due to nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) have been reported frequently and are mostly associated with trauma or cosmetic interventions like plastic surgery. However, infection with NTM as a result of a dental procedure have rarely been described and the lack of clinical suspicion and a clear clinical manifestation makes diagnosis challenging. CASE PRESENTATION: We report on three patients with a facial cutaneous sinus tract of dental origin, due to an infection with respectively Mycobacterium fortuitum, M. abscessus and M. peregrinum. The infection source was the dental unit waterlines (DUWLs), which were colonized with NTM. CONCLUSIONS: Water of the DUWL can pose a health risk. This report emphasizes the need for quality control and certification of water flowing through DUWLs, including the absence of NTM. Our report also shows the need for a rapid recognition of NTM infections and accurate laboratory diagnosis in order to avoid long-term ineffective antibiotic treatment.
Assuntos
Face/microbiologia , Infecções por Mycobacterium não Tuberculosas/diagnóstico , Micobactérias não Tuberculosas/isolamento & purificação , Adolescente , Criança , DNA Viral/metabolismo , Feminino , Fungos/isolamento & purificação , Humanos , Infecções por Mycobacterium não Tuberculosas/microbiologia , Mycobacterium fortuitum/genética , Mycobacterium fortuitum/isolamento & purificação , Micobactérias não Tuberculosas/genética , Microbiologia da Água , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Para establecer la sensibilidad de las cepas de Mycobac-terium tuberculosis aisladas en Caracas, entre 2001 y 2006, fueron probadas utilizando el método colorimétrico para determinar las Concentraciones Inhibitorias Mínimas (CIM). De las 324 cepas, 46 (14,2%) mostraron resistencia a una o más drogas. Encontramos resistencia de alto nivel (CIM 8 µg/ml) y bajo nivel (CIM 1-4 µg/ml) a Estreptomicina en 6 (1,8%) y 25 (7,7%) de las cepas, respectivamente. Se encontró resistencia a Isoniacida de bajo nivel (MIC 0,125 - 0,5 µg/ml) en 8 (2,5%) y de alto nivel (MIC 1,0 µg/ml) en 15 (4,6%) de las cepas estudiadas. Hallamos 13 (4,0%) cepas resistentes a Rifampicina (RIF) (5 µg/ml) y 11 (3,4%) a Etambutol (10 µg/ml). De los 17 (5,2%) aislamientos resistentes a dos o más drogas, 12 (3,7%) fueron resistentes a INH y RIF (definido como multirresistencia, MDR). De las 12 cepas MDR, 11 fueron aisladas a partir de esputo y una de líquido pleural. Este estudio muestra un incremento en la prevalencia de la resistencia a las drogas antituberculosas en Caracas, especialmente las cepas MDR. Este aumento apunta hacia la necesidad de una encuesta na-cional, para evaluar el panorama real de la resistencia.
To asses drug susceptibility of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains isolated from 2001 to 2006 in Caracas. Available strains were tested using colorimetric method to determine the Minimal Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC). Of 324 strains, 46 (14,2%) showed resistance to one or more drugs. High-resistance (8 µg/ml) and low-resistance (1-4 µg/ml) to Strep omycint was found in 6 (1,8%) and 25 (7,7%) strains, respectively. Isoniazid (INH) low-resistance (MIC 0.125 - 0.5 µg/ml) were found in 8 (2,5%) and high-resistant (MIC at 1.0 µg/ml) in 15 (4,6%), Rifampicin resistance (RMP) (5 µg/ml) in 13 (4%), and Ethambutol resistance (10 µg/ml) in 11 (3,4%) of the strains. Of the 17 (5,2%) isolates resistant to two or more drugs, 12 (3,7%) were resistant to INH and RMP (defined as multidrug resistance, MDR). Of these 12 MDR strains, 11 were isolated from sputum and one from pleu ral fluid. This study shows an increased prevalence of resistance to anti-tuberculosis drugs in Caracas, especially the prevalence of MDR strains, raises an urgent need of a proper nationwide survey to evaluate the true picture of resistance.