["It will be important to avoid a rift opening up between nurses and advanced practice nurses"]. / « Il sera nécessaire d'éviter l'instauration d'un clivage entre infirmier et infirmier en pratique avancée ¼.

After a long process of negotiation, laws passed in 2018 mean that advanced practice has finally become a reality for nurses in French legislation. Benefits are expected for patients, doctors, caregivers, management, organisations and for the health system. However, it will be necessary to take into account certain limits, and practices are expected to evolve. This change highlights the evolution of nursing practices thanks to Evidence-Based Nursing. An interview with Christophe Debout, member of the advanced practice network training committee of the International Council of Nurses.

[Producing, transferring and using scientific knowledge for the benefit of patients]. / Produire, transférer et utiliser les savoirs scientifiques au bénéfice des patients.

By combining clinical reasoning and evidence-based practice, nurses can create a virtuous circle which can in turn increase the probability of obtaining satisfactory clinical results for patients. Nursing research must thereby benefit practice by producing scientific knowledge which can be used in day-to-day care.

[Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric tests of a self-efficacy scale and an adherence scale for French adolescents with Type 1 diabetes] / Adaptation transculturelle et tests psychométriques d'outils de mesure de l'efficacité personnelle et de l'adhésion thérapeutique pour une population d'adolescents diabétiques de type 1 français.

Introduction : many structured educational programs, using the concept of self-efficacy, have been studied in English-speaking countries. Background : tools were developed in English to assess this concept along with treatment adherence. However, there seems to be no French version of these tools in scientific literature. Aim : to adapt the tools to the French language and to test the psychometric properties of the Self-Efficacy for Diabetes Self-Management (SEDM) and the Diabetes Self-Management Profile (DSMP). Methods : a cross-cultural adaptation of the SEDM and DSMP in French was performed. The psychometric properties were tested in a pilot study that took place between January 1st and December 31st, 2015. Results : Cronbach's alpha coefficient of SEDM in French was 0.84, test-retest reliability 0.80 and sensitivity to change was moderate. The Cronbach's alpha and sensitivity to change of the French DSMP were low, and the test-retest was 0.71. Discussion and conclusions : the first results of the psychometric properties of French SEDM were rather encouraging. The use of the French version of DSMP seems compromised in terms of psychometric properties and the opinion of the participants.

An ethnographic study of nurses' experience with nursing research and its integration in practice.

AIM: To report from a study aimed at illuminating how French Registered Nurses experience and engage in nursing research in clinical practice. BACKGROUND: Nursing research in France is mainly conducted by nurses working at clinical research units rather than by dedicated nurse researchers. Education, i.e. advanced degrees, in the field of nursing research is still in its infancy and not yet consistent with the international context. Outside France, the general perception is that nursing research is a unified part of professional nursing. Consequently, in-depth knowledge about how nurses in a French clinical context might experience and engage in nursing research is still lacking. DESIGN: The design of this study was influenced by an ethnographic approach as described by the French anthropologists Beaud and Weber. METHOD: Data, participatory observations, field notes and interviews (n = 6) were collected in a teaching hospital between April-August 2012. The field consisted of a wound-care unit and clinical research units. Collected data were analysed based on Beaud and Weber's description of analysis. RESULTS: Three beliefs were identified: being a unified part of a research team, being an integral part of 'crosswise - across' activities and being part of research activities. CONCLUSION/IMPLICATION FOR RESEARCH: Commitment to nursing research was strengthened by patient-related issues. Based on this context, nursing research would likely benefit from the support of a naturalized reciprocity between clinical practice and research.

Mixed-Method Nursing Research: "A Public and Its Problems?" A Commentary on French Nursing Research.

Nursing in France is undergoing a transition. In 2009, the preregistration nursing education program was reformed in line with the European Bologna Process, bringing nursing education to the universities. In 2010, the French Programme Hospitalier de Recherche Infirmière, the first national French nursing research funding program, was launched by the French Health Ministry. Of the 149 French research proposals submitted by registered nurses in 2010 and 2011, 13 were mixed-method proposals. The registered nurse principal investigator argued for a complementary use of qualitative and quantitative methods. These trends highlight major issues regarding mixed-method and nursing research. We can reasonably assume that mixed-method research has a broad appeal for nurse scholars, particularly for the exploration of complex phenomena related to nursing. Moreover, the recent movement in the domain of nursing education and research experienced in France highlights the need for dedicated research education in the development of nursing research capacity.

[Nurses' contribution to health systems, data for action]. / Contribution des infirmières au sein des systèmes de santé, des données pour agir.

The year 2020, originally dedicated to nurses by the World Health Organization (WHO), took an unexpected turn with the occurrence of the Covid-19 pandemic. However, the state of the art of nursing around the world was able to be published based on data collected in 2019. The findings of this report were used in the work of the 74th World Health Assembly in 2021 and led to the development of a new WHO global strategy to promote nursing in the health field.

[American ambitions for the nursing profession]. / Les ambitions américaines pour la profession infirmière.

There are more than four million nurses in the United States. In a context marked by the Obamacare vote and by an awareness of the underutilization of nursing potential, the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, in association with the Institute of Medicine, published an inventory of the nursing situation in the United States in 2011, along with an action plan. In 2016 and 2021, the evaluation of the degree to which these objectives were achieved revealed numerous advances. New strategic directions have been set for the period 2020-2030.

[The report's conclusions as seen by professional nursing organizations]. / Les conclusions du rapport vues par les organisations professionnelles infirmières.

Nurses have largely contributed to the national effort to fight the Covid-19 crisis, but have also been strongly affected by its consequences. This observation, reinforced by the recent recommendations of the World Health Organization's report on the situation of nurses in the world, underlines the need to initiate changes in the nursing field in France without delay.

[Advanced practices in nursing, the American example]. / Pratiques avancées en soins infirmiers, l'exemple américain.

Recent reforms demonstrate a will to define what advanced nursing practices should consist of in France. The United States developed this concept some time ago, notably in the field of mental health.

[Child care nurse, looking back at the past in order to build the future]. / Infirmière puéricultrice, un retour sur le passé afin de construire le futur.

Child care nurses, just like other nursing specialities, are involved in a descriptive as well as a prospective reflection of the contribution they make in the area of healthcare. A look back at this nursing speciality provides a better understanding of the issues involved and opens up the perspectives of this reflection.