Momentary PERMA: An Adapted Measurement Tool for Studying Well-Being in Daily Life.

PERMA is a multidimensional framework that explains well-being through five hedonic and eudaimonic psychological elements-Positive emotions, Engagement, Relationships, Meaning, Accomplishment. Soon after the PERMA framework was proposed, PERMA-Profiler was introduced as a validated assessment tool for measuring these five elements of well-being from a global perspective. The current study aimed to shed further light onto the measurement of PERMA elements, extending it beyond global evaluations, to daily life assessments and the examination of individual differences in their dynamic characteristics. We introduce mPERMA (momentary PERMA), as an EMA-adapted version of the PERMA-Profiler measure, to assess well-being in daily life. Using data collected in an Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) study (N = 160), we first demonstrate the factor structure of mPERMA through a multilevel factor analysis and next examine within-person means and the dynamics of change (e.g., intra-individual variability) in the PERMA elements. Findings revealed that mPERMA displays convergent validity with two global measures of hedonic and eudaimonic well-being, namely Flourishing and Subjective Well-Being. Moreover, dynamical characteristics of the five elements of well-being measured over time, map onto their corresponding hedonic or eudaimonic global measures of well-being. Results of this paper present how dynamical features of well-being in daily life provide novel insights into predicting global well-being. Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10902-023-00684-w.

Well-Being as a predictor of academic success in student veterans and factor validation of the PERMA + 4 well-being measurement scale.

Objective: The study sought to test whether well-being predicts academic performance for student service members/veterans (SSM/Vs) and to assess the factor structure of the PERMA + 4 measurement scale for use in this student population. Participants: Post-9/11 SSM/Vs (N = 199) from seven colleges and universities in the U.S. completed an online survey. Methods: A cross-sectional survey research design was used to assess PERMA + 4 and academic success. The PERMA + 4 framework and the measurement scale were examined using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and logistic regressions to determine if PERMA + 4 predicted academic performance in SSM/Vs. Results: Findings indicate that PERMA + 4 is a predictor of SSM/Vs academic performance, and CFA confirmed the factor structure of PERMA + 4 for use with SSM/Vs. Conclusions: The findings suggest that screening for the building blocks of well-being in SSM/Vs with a validated and comprehensive multidimensional instrument could be useful for mitigating transition challenges into college life and informing appropriate supports.

The PERMA+4 Positive Functioning at Work Scale: Spanish Adaptation and Validation.

BACKGROUND: Donaldson & Donaldson (2021b) developed a scale to assess Positive Functioning at Work, adding four new blocks to strengthen the original PERMA framework in the workplace. The aim of the present study was to validate this scale in a Spanish sample. METHOD: 698 Spanish workers participated, 59% were women and 41% were men, 71.6% were employees and 71.2% belonged to the basic worker level. RESULTS: Confirmatory Factor Analysis showed a good fit of the nine-factor model (χ2/df = 2.441; RMSEA = .056, 90% IC (.049, .063); SRMR =. 062; CFI = .926; TLI = .916), the bifactor model (χ2/df = 1.703; RMSEA = .044, 90% CI [.037, .050]; SRMR = .050; CFI = .959; TLI = .952) and the ESEM model (χ2/df = 1.736; RMSEA = .041, 90% CI [.033, .049]; SRMR = .017; CFI = .976; TLI = .942). The adapted scale also demonstrated good internal consistency, with a Cronbach's α of .90 for the scale, and evidence of discriminant, criterion, predictive, and incremental validity with other well-being and performance measures, as well as measurement invariance across educational levels. CONCLUSIONS: This scale provides a comprehensive measurement tool that can help in the design of workplace programs and interventions.