Digital transformation in healthcare - architectures of present and future information technologies.

Healthcare providers all over the world are faced with a single challenge: the need to improve patient outcomes while containing costs. Drivers include an increasing demand for chronic disease management for an aging population, technological advancements and empowered patients taking control of their health experience. The digital transformation in healthcare, through the creation of a rich health data foundation and integration of technologies like the Internet of Things (IoT), advanced analytics, Machine Learning (ML) and Artificial Intelligence (AI), is recognized as a key component to tackle these challenges. It can lead to improvements in diagnostics, prevention and patient therapy, ultimately empowering care givers to use an evidence-based approach to improve clinical decisions. Real-time interactions allow a physician to monitor a patient 'live', instead of interactions once every few weeks. Operational intelligence ensures efficient utilization of healthcare resources and services provided, thereby optimizing costs. However, procedure-based payments, legacy systems, disparate data sources with the limited adoption of data standards, technical debt, data security and privacy concerns impede the efficient usage of health information to maximize value creation for all healthcare stakeholders. This has led to a highly-regulated, constrained industry. Ultimately, the goal is to improve quality of life and saving people's lives through the creation of the intelligent healthcare provider, fully enabled to deliver value-based healthcare and a seamless patient experience. Information technologies that enable this goal must be extensible, safe, reliable and affordable, and tailored to the digitalization maturity-level of the individual organization.

Synthesis, anti-HIV and antitubercular activities of lamivudine prodrugs.

The synthesis of a novel series of lamivudine prodrugs involving N4-substitution with isatin derivatives is described. The in-vitro antiretroviral activities indicated that compound 3b was found to be equipotent to lamivudine with EC50 of 0.0742+/-0.04 microM. Lamivudine prodrugs bearing fluoroquinoles antibacterial showed 92-100% inhibition against Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain H37Rv at 6.25 microg ml(-1). At pH 7.4, 37 degrees C, the hydrolytic t(1/2) ranged between 120 and 240 min.