RESUMO
Background: The purpose of this manuscript is to provide an in-depth literature review of the management of endometrial and cervical cancers with electronic brachytherapy. Materials and methods: An extensive literature search was performed and 9 articles were selected based on preset criteria. Results: The reviewed studies provided dosimetric and clinical results. Patient populations were diverse and prescribed doses varied. When treatment plans were compared to those using cobalt 60 (60Co) and iridium 192 (192Ir) sources researchers found lower or equivalent doses in organs at risk while the doses at the applicator surface were significantly higher for electronic brachytherapy. In the eligible studies, a total of 72 patients received treatment with AxxentXoft vaginal applicator, 29 were treated with the Intrabeam vaginal applicator, and 8 with AxxentXoft cervical applicator. Conclusions: All authors found that electronic brachytherapy was safe and well tolerated as higher mucosal doses did not present as adverse clinical effects. Electronic brachytherapy for gynecological cancers has the potential to achieve equivalent tumor control while minimizing bowel and urinary toxicity thus improving the quality of life. More clinical data is needed to stratify patients who would benefit the most.