Psychic workload in the process of work of maternity and obstetric centers nurses. / Cargas de trabalho psíquicas no processo de trabalho de enfermeiros de maternidades e centros obstétricos.

OBJECTIVE: To identify the psychic workload present in the work process of nurses working in Maternity and Obstetric Centers. METHOD: A descriptive qualitative study developed with 14 nurses working in obstetric centers and maternity units of two hospitals. The data were collected through a semi-structured interview, developed from October of 2015 to January of 2016, and exploited based on Content Analysis. RESULTS: The results were grouped into two categories: the nurses' working process and their psychic workload; and the maintenance of (in)appropriate practices such as psychic workload, demonstrating that the psychic workload is materialized in multiple elements of the work process, passing through assignments, interpersonal relationship and maintaining inadequate pipelines. CONCLUSIONS: It was identified that the psychic workload in the nurses' work process in the studied context is related to the perpetuation of dehumanized practices and to the challenge of maintaining humanized practices.

[Work ability in hospital housekeeping services and associated factors]. / Capacidade para o trabalho no serviço hospitalar de limpeza e fatores associados.

This study aimed to measure the Work Ability Index of workers of a hospital housekeeping staff and identify the associated factors. Cross-sectional study conducted in 201 with 157 workers of the housekeeping staff of a university hospital in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. A questionnaire containing sociodemographic, labor and health variables and the Brazilian version of the Work Ability Index was used. As a result, 79.6% of the workers were classified as having good/great work capacity. Mild mental (31.8%) and musculoskeletal disorders (15.9%) were the most prevalent medical diagnoses. After some adjustments, the workers that did not have time for leisure showed a 2.67 times higher prevalence of having the work ability reduced (CI95%=1.23-5.82). The other variables lost their association with the outcome. Measures aimed at the maintenance of work ability and the practice of physical activity and training for postural care are indicated.

[Characteristics of victims and fatal accidents at the workplace]. / Caracterização das vítimas e dos acidentes de trabalho fatais.

This is a quantitative, descriptive, retrospective documental study on fatal accidents occurred during the period from o2006 to 2010, in which workers were treated at Hospital do Trabalhador, located in Curitiba/Parand. We selected 25 notifications for the outcome death. This study aimed to characterize victims and fatal occupational accidents. Fatal occupational accidents hit workers with a mean age of 35 years (SD = 13.0694), of the male sex, n = 23 (92%). Typical occupational accidents accounted for 52% (n = 13) of cases. One of the preventive measures proposed to reduce the number of fatal occupational accidents is the performance of educational and preventive work at the workplace by nurses. Moreover, it is necessary to rethink transit violence as a relevant factor for the cause of death of workers as well.

Right of the citizen and evaluation of health services: theoretical-practical approaches.

This study was carried out at a Family Medical Unit in a city in the south of Brazil, aiming at analyzing how the evaluation process takes place in a Brazilian public health unit, specifically considering a home care service. Data were collected through observation of the work process and interviews with workers, managers and users, between March and June 2006. The subjects were asked about the means applied to evaluate the home care service. No work is done to identify problems and reorient actions taken, evaluating the practices and measuring the impact of service and program actions on the population's health status.

Psychosocial aspects of work and musculoskeletal disorders in nursing workers.

This study aimed to evaluate the association between psychological demands and control on work and the occurrence of musculoskeletal disorders among nursing workers. This cross-sectional study involved 491 nursing workers from a University hospital in Rio Grande do Sul. Brazilian versions of the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire and the Job Content Questionnaire were used. Among the participants, 96.3% reported some pain in any given part of the body last year, 73.1% in the last seven days and 65.8% reported difficulty in their daily routine. The chances of shoulder pain (OR=1.97; CI95%=1.07-3.64), in the thoracic spine (OR=1.83; CI95%=1.02-3.35) and in the ankles (OR=2.05; CI95%=1.05-4.02) were higher in the high work demand quadrant when compared to the low demand quadrant, after adjustments for potentially confusing factors Intervention measures in the organizational structure are needed, redefining demand levels and control at work.

Reflexivity, knowledge and ecological awareness: premises for responsible action in the hospital work environment.

The article aims to analyze the interface of reflexivity, knowledge and ecologic awareness in the context of hospital work, based on data collected in a qualitative case study carried out at a public hospital. Field observation data and interviews are discussed in the light of sociologic and philosophic references. Workers expressed the interface between knowledge and action, in which there is a cycle of lack of knowledge, automatism in the actions and lack of environmental awareness, posing limits to individual awareness and to responsibility towards environmental preservation. Increased debate and education, including the environmental issue, are needed in the context of hospital work. Although hospital work is reflexively affected by the environmental problem, that does not guarantee the reorientation of practices and responsible action towards the environment.

[A view about the interface hospital work and the environmental problems]. / Um olhar sobre a interface trabalho hospitalar e os problemas ambientais.

This study aimed at verifying how the ecologic reflexivity appears in the context of hospital work and its influence on the workers' performance. Research of qualitative approach, carried out with hospital workers of a public institution. The data were collected by means of a document analysis, field observation and individual and group interview. The data revealed that the worker has a distant relation with the environmental issue, and the regulation of the management of solid residues is the main topic to approach the issue. The development of effective actions of environmental preservation by the hospital worker, the adoption of this question is related to the adoption of this question as an institutional policy, thus this subject should be approached in the permanent education process of the workers, based on serious ethical consideration.

[Home care and its relationship to the work environment in health]. / Considerações sobre a atenção domiciliária e suas aproximações com o mundo do trabalho na saúde.

This paper discusses home care as a service that has expanded in the public and private health system, while arguing for the possibility that such care can leverage a significant impact on the population's quality of life and health. The article presents home care as a strategic possibility for reorganizing the health system, by means of integration between health workers and health institutions, and considers its possible political, economic, and technical impacts on the health system, health workers, and users of the service.

[Alcoholism families: the search for nexus of maintenance, accommodation and re-standardization of alcoholism behaviors]. / Famílias alcoolistas: a busca de nexos de manutenção, acomodação e repadronização de comportamentos alcoolistas.

An investigation carried out with alcoholist families aimed at identifying behaviors of maintenance, accommodation and re-standardization of the familiar functioning vis-a-vis the use of alcohol and proposing alternatives for re-standardization of the alcoholist behavior. We have worked with three families selected according to some preestablished criteria. It is an exploratory and qualitative study. The data have been collected during the domicile therapeutic care to the family group. The identification of nexus of maintenance, accommodation and re-standardization of alcoholist behaviors in the families have made possible the construction of proposals of re-standardization of the alcoholist family functioning, in the perspective of alcohol not being the catalyst of the family relations anymore.

[An educative practice of sensitization to ionizing radiation exposition with health professionals]. / Uma prática educativa de sensibilização quanto à exposiçao a radiação ionizante com profissionais de saúde.

This study present a nursing care practice whose objective is to sensitize health professionals of neonatal intensive care unit about the risk of exposition to ionizing radiation, aiming to optimize the radiological protection. The Operative Italian Model (OIM) was the main theoretical and methodological reference which guided this practice, carried out with twelve participants in a public hospital in Floriandpolis-SC, Brazil. The results demonstrated that health professionals are exposed to ionizing radiation, especially for not being aware of the recommendations already included in the legislation.

[Description of communications of work accidents registered in the National Institute of Social Security of Santa Maria, RS, in the year 2000]. / Descrição das comunicações de acidentes de trabalho registradas no Instituto Nacional de Seguridade Social de Santa Maria, RS, no ano de 2000.

The communication of work accident is the document which warrants to the worker who suffered an accident the right to social benefit, and also serves as a source of epidemiological data. This study described the work accidents notified to the National Institute of Social Security of Santa Maria, RS, Brazil, in the year of 2000, attributing to them classifications that could be compared to Brazilian data and similar studies, among those the kind of accident, production sector and the worker's days off. It was possible to evidence the significant increase of notifications registered during the year of 2000 in relation to 1999, beyond the sub-register, specially in the scope of less serious accidents.

[Nurse's craft: an analysis and some future perspectives]. / O trabalho da enfermagem: análise e perspectivas.

This text, while considering nursing as a profession, makes evident, initially, a perspective to develop it: the one that proves that we are capable to transform at least the world of health which we live in. In order to do this I propose myself to know it as e world of work and of health practices which has been, as I debate, historically determined. Such practices, according to their evolution, are configured in capitalism as a service, what gives to it a special characteristic in this production process. The profession of nursing while a participant of the collective work develops, however, its own original task, which has been being defined within this context, based on its own work processes--of care taking, educating, managing, which, keeping in mind its economic, political and symbolic properties discussed in this paper, will be able to open the necessary fissures for the daily action of a project takes uses as a reference the interest of the health service user, represented by his health needs.

[Work and alcoholism: study with civil servants]. / O trabalho e o alcoolismo: estudo com trabalhadores.

This investigation was carried out with civil servants, and it aimed at analyzing the influence of labor in the production/ reproduction and transformation of alcoholic behavior. Methodologically, this study is characterized as exploratory and qualitative. Data collection was done by means of documental analysis and participatory observation. Interviews were performed if needed to complement the information. The identification of nexuses of production and reproduction of alcoholic behavior in an institutional context provided proposals for changing it, as well as showed the need to carry out an integrated job among the services that provide care for alcoholics by seeking other investments for gradually changing this behavior.

[Differentiated methodological approach in practical classes of nursing management]. / Abordagem metodológica diferenciada em aulas práticas de administração de enfermagem.

This work tells the experience of a proposal of nursing management practical classes, with a differentiated methodological approach, elaborated by students of the Post-graduation in Nursing of UFSC in Stage of Teaching. It has as objective, to fortify the integration between graduation and post-graduation, developing with seventh phase academics of the Course of Graduation in Nursing of UFSC, the capacity to play the administrative and assistencial functions of the nurse, through an methodological approach modeled in the planning, execution, reflection and evaluation of the nursing management, using observation guides of the activities developed by the nursing team members, based on the Law of the Professional Exercise of Nursing, Nursing Professionals' Ethical Code, Resolution COFEN 189, and documents related.

[Multi-causality in nursing work accidents with biological material]. / Multicausalidade nos acidentes de trabalho da Enfermagem com material biológico.

In order to analyze the multiple causes of occupational accidents with biological exposure among nursing staff was carried out a descriptive and exploratory research in a medium-sized hospital in the State of Paraná, in the period between January 2008 and January 2009. The population was 26 nursing staff of the medical clinic. Data collection was performed by semi-structured interviews with five of the eight injured in the period and its contents were analyzed by Causes and Effects Diagram. The categories of causes material, organizational, institutional and worker's behavior, showed the inappropriate disposal of sharps, work overload, no use of bio-security standards and poor supervision and training of workers, as factors for the occurrence of these accidents. The adoption of the tool of Causes and Effects Diagram provided an analysis of accidents in its multiple causes, showing the interaction between them.

Cargas de trabalho psíquicas no processo de trabalho de enfermeiros de maternidades e centros obstétricos / Cargas de trabajo psíquicas en el proceso de trabajo de enfermeros de maternidades y centros obstétricos / Psychic workload in the process of work of maternity and obstetric centers nurses

Resumo OBJETIVO Identificar as cargas de trabalho psíquicas presentes no processo de trabalho de enfermeiros atuantes em Maternidades e Centros Obstétricos. MÉTODO Estudo qualitativo descritivo, desenvolvido com 14 enfermeiros atuantes em Centros Obstétricos e Maternidades de dois hospitais. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista semiestruturada, desenvolvidas de outubro de 2015 a janeiro de 2016, e explorados com base na Análise de Conteúdo. RESULTADOS Os resultados foram agrupados em duas categorias: o processo de trabalho do enfermeiro e sua carga psíquica; e a manutenção de práticas (in)adequadas como carga psíquica, demonstrando que as cargas de trabalho psíquicas concretizam-se em múltiplos elementos do processo de trabalho, perpassando as atribuições, as relações interpessoais e a manutenção de condutas inadequadas. CONCLUSÕES Identificou-se que as cargas de trabalho psíquicas no processo de trabalho de enfermeiros no contexto estudado estão relacionadas à perpetuação de práticas desumanizadas e ao desafio para manutenção de práticas humanizadas.

Resumen OBJETIVO Identificar las cargas de trabajo psíquicas en el proceso de trabajo de los enfermeros que trabajan en centros de maternidad y de obstetricia. MÉTODO Estudio cualitativo y descriptivo, desarrollado con 14 enfermeros que trabajan en centros de obstetricia y en unidades de la maternidad de dos hospitales. Se recolectaron los datos a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas, desarrolladas de octubre de 2015 a enero de 2016, y se analizaron los mismos a través del análisis de contenido. RESULTADOS Los resultados se agrupan en dos categorías: El proceso de trabajo del enfermero y su carga psíquica; y Prácticas de mantenimiento (in)adecuada como la carga psíquica, lo que demuestra que las cargas de trabajo psíquicas se materializan en múltiples elementos del proceso de trabajo, atraviesan las tareas, la relación interpersonal y dan continuidad a las prácticas inadecuadas. CONCLUSIONES Se identificó que las cargas de trabajo psíquicas en el proceso de trabajo de los enfermeros, en el contexto estudiado, están relacionadas a la perpetuación de prácticas deshumanizadas y al desafío de mantener prácticas humanizadas.

Abstract OBJECTIVE To identify the psychic workload present in the work process of nurses working in Maternity and Obstetric Centers. METHOD A descriptive qualitative study developed with 14 nurses working in obstetric centers and maternity units of two hospitals. The data were collected through a semi-structured interview, developed from October of 2015 to January of 2016, and exploited based on Content Analysis. RESULTS The results were grouped into two categories: the nurses' working process and their psychic workload; and the maintenance of (in)appropriate practices such as psychic workload, demonstrating that the psychic workload is materialized in multiple elements of the work process, passing through assignments, interpersonal relationship and maintaining inadequate pipelines. CONCLUSIONS It was identified that the psychic workload in the nurses' work process in the studied context is related to the perpetuation of dehumanized practices and to the challenge of maintaining humanized practices.

Cargas de trabalho e as inter-relações com o programa de humanização do pré-natal e nascimento / Cargas de trabajo e interrelaciones con el programa de humanización del prenatal y nacimiento / Workloads and interrelationships with the program for the humanization of prenatal and childbirth care

RESUMO Objetivo conhecer a inter-relação entre a implementação de práticas assistenciais, propostas no Programa de Humanização do Pré-Natal e Nascimento, e as cargas de trabalho presentes no processo de trabalho de enfermeiros em Centros Obstétricos e Maternidades. Métodos qualitativo e descritivo, desenvolvido com 14 enfermeiros em dois Centros Obstétricos e Maternidades de dois hospitais do sul do Brasil. Dados coletados de outubro de 2015 a janeiro de 2016, através de entrevista semiestruturada, explorados com base na Análise de Conteúdo. Resultados emergiram duas categorias: 'A atenuação das cargas de trabalho', na qual se destacam as cargas de trabalho biológicas e psíquicas, e 'A potencialização das cargas de trabalho', sendo elencadas as cargas de trabalho biológicas, mecânicas e psíquicas. Conclusão a forma e o contexto como se processam as cargas de trabalho levam-nas a ser atenuadas ou potencializadas na implementação de práticas propostas no Programa de Humanização do Pré-Natal e Nascimento.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Conocer la interrelación entre implementación de prácticas asistenciales propuestas en el Programa de Humanización del Prenatal y Nacimiento, y cargas de trabajo existentes en el proceso de trabajo de enfermeros en Centros Obstétricos y Maternidades. Método: Cualitativo y descriptivo, desarrollado con 14 enfermeros en dos Centros Obstétricos y Maternidades de dos hospitales del sur de Brasil. Datos recolectados de octubre de 2015 a enero de 2016 mediante entrevista semiestructurada, estudiados según Análisis de Contenido. Resultados: Surgieron dos categorías: 'Atenuación de las cargas de trabajo', en la que se destacan las cargas de trabajo biológicas y psíquicas, y 'Potenciación de las cargas de trabajo', mencionando las cargas de trabajo biológicas, mecánicas y psíquicas. Conclusión: La forma y el contexto en los que se procesan las cargas de trabajo llevan a que se atenúen o potencien en la implementación de prácticas propuestas en el Programa de Humanización del Prenatal y Nacimiento.

ABSTRACT Objective to learn the interrelationship between the implementation of care practices proposed in the Program for the Humanization of Prenatal and Childbirth Care and the workloads in the work process of nurses in obstetrics centers and maternity hospitals. Method a qualitative and descriptive study was carried out with 14 nurses at two obstetrics and maternity centers of two hospitals in southern Brazil. Data were gathered from October 2015 to January 2016 through semi-structured interviews, explored with content analysis. Results two categories emerged: 'Attenuation of workloads', in which biological and psychic workloads stand out, and 'Amplification of workloads', with biological, mechanic and psychic workloads standing out. Conclusion the way and context in which workloads are processed make them attenuated or amplified when implementing practices proposed in the Program for the Humanization of Prenatal and Childbirth Care.

[The ecological debate from the hospital workers' standpoint]. / A problemática ecológica na visão de trabalhadores hospitalares.

This study seeks to ascertain what hospital workers think about the ecologic debate, looking for opinions that may elicit a discussion about the development of responsible actions to be taken by this group in the context of hospital work. The theoretical benchmark used for this discussion is based on the Reflexive Modernization and the Risk Society concept proposed by contemporary sociologists. This involved qualitative research using case study strategy and it was carried out with hospital workers at a public institution. The data were collected using document analysis, field observation and individual and group interviews. The study revealed that hospital workers take a somewhat distant view in terms of the environmental issue, which is reflexively affected by the current ecological debate. This concept has the influence of specific factors in the context of hospital work. In conclusion, the importance of educational actions together with the workers was identified, in order to establish more responsible actions with respect to environmental preservation.

Work ability in hospital housekeeping services and associated factors / Capacidad para trabajar en servicio de limpieza hospitalaria y los factores asociados / Capacidade para o trabalho no serviço hospitalar de limpeza e fatores associados

This study aimed to measure the Work Ability Index of workers of a hospital housekeeping staff and identify the associated factors. Cross-sectional study conducted in 201 with 157 workers of the housekeeping staff of a university hospital in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. A questionnaire containing sociodemographic, labor and health variables and the Brazilian version of the Work Ability Index was used. As a result, 79.6% of the workers were classified as having good/great work capacity. Mild mental (31.8%) and musculoskeletal disorders (15.9%) were the most prevalent medical diagnoses. After some adjustments, the workers that did not have time for leisure showed a 2.67 times higher prevalence of having the work ability reduced (CI95%=1.23-5.82). The other variables lost their association with the outcome. Measures aimed at the maintenance of work ability and the practice of physical activity and training for postural care are indicated.

Se objetivó medir el porcentaje de la capacidad para el trabajo en trabajadores del servicio de limpieza hospitalaria e identificar los factores asociados a ella. Estudio transversal realizado en 2013, con 157 trabajadores de un hospital universitario de Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Se utilizó un cuestionario con variables sociodemográficas, laborales y de salud y la versión brasilera del Índice de Capacidad para el Trabajo. Como resultado, el 79,6% de los trabajadores fue clasificado como bueno/gran capacidad de trabajo. Trastornos mentales leves (31,8%) y musculoesquelético (15,9%) fueron los diagnósticos médicos más frecuentes. Después de los ajustes, los trabajadores que no tuvieron tiempo para ocio tenían un 2,67 veces mayor prevalencia reducir la capacidad de trabajar (IC95%=1,23-5,82). Las otras variables pierden su asociación. Se indican medidas de manutención de la capacidad laboral y práctica de actividad física y capacitación para el cuidado postural.

Objetivou-se mensurar o índice de capacidade para o trabalho em trabalhadores do Serviço Hospitalar de Limpeza e identificar os fatores a ele associados. Estudo transversal realizado em 2013, com 157 trabalhadores do serviço de limpeza de um hospital universitário público do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Utilizou-se um formulário contendo variáveis sociodemográficas, laborais, de saúde e a versão brasileira do Índice de Capacidade para o Trabalho. Como resultado, 79,6% dos trabalhadores foram classificados com boa/ótima capacidade para o trabalho. Os distúrbios mentais leves (31,8%) e os musculoesqueléticos (15,9%) foram os diagnósticos médicos mais prevalentes. Após ajustes, os trabalhadores que não possuíam tempo para o lazer apresentaram uma prevalência 2,67 vezes mais elevada de ter a capacidade para o trabalho reduzida (IC95%=1,23-5,82). As demais variáveis perderam a associação. Indicam-se medidas de manutenção da capacidade laboral, como a prática de atividade física e capacitação para cuidado postural.

[A systematic review about the scientific production with focus on the relation between health and environment]. / Uma revisão sistemática sobre a produção científica com ênfase na relação entre saúde e meio ambiente.

The discussion on points linked to the interface between the environment and health has turned into a very important subject of interest nowadays. Thus, this article aims to show a survey of the national and international scientific production about this subject, in an attempt to identify the most frequent themes of this production. The data were collected during the months of March and April of 2005, from two homepages where scientific publications are available on the web, from which, 603 publications were used as analysis material, by means of categorization. The data showed that there is a very significant number of countries with scientific production on this area, being the most frequent the USA and Russia, whose most relevant theme area is related to risk evaluation. Brazil appears as the third most frequent country in terms of production and most of its work is directed to the study of vectors (transmitters) of infecting-contagious diseases. About the other countries, there is a diversification of lines of investigation. In general, it is perceived that the production of knowledge of this area still occurs in a very isolated and fragmented way, with little importance to the diversity of factors involved in the environmental questions, as well as with little space to interdisciplinary and inter sectorial work, so important in the analysis of the interface health-environment.