Incidence of pancreatic cancer in Denmark: 70 years of registration, 1943-2012.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to monitor the evolution of the incidence of pancreatic cancer in Denmark over 70 years. We also compared registrations of pancreatic cancer in a nationwide population-based database, the Danish Cancer Registry, and a clinical database, the Danish Pancreatic Cancer Database, in 2012-2013. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Registrations of pancreatic cancer from the Danish Cancer Registry over 1943-2012 were used to calculate age-specific incidence rates per 100 000 person years by sex and age in 5-year period, weighted by the Segi World Standard Population for age standardization. We used absolute numbers from the Cancer Registry and the Pancreatic Cancer Database, including distribution of topography of cancers registered in 2012-2013, to compare registration in the two data sources. RESULTS: The incidence rates of pancreatic cancer among Danish men increased until 1968-1972, when a decrease was observed until the mid-1990s. A similar peak was observed in women a decade later but generally at lower incidence. After the mid-1990s, the incidence rates for both sexes increased until the end of the study period. In our comparison of registrations in the Cancer Registry and the Pancreatic Cancer Database in 2012-2013, we found that 29% of the incident cases registered in the Cancer Registry were not in the Database; and 11% of the incident cases registered in the Database, were not registered in the Cancer Registry. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of pancreatic cancer increased steadily during the last 20 years of our study period in both sexes. The differences in registration of incident cases in the Cancer Registry and in the Pancreatic Cancer Database indicate underreporting of incident cases of pancreatic cancer in Denmark. The magnitude of this underreporting cannot be estimated based on this data.

Clinical implications of multidisciplinary team pancreatic cyst evaluation.

INTRODUCTION: The detection of incidental pancreatic cysts (PCs) is increasing due to frequent use of imaging. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical consequences of regular multidisciplinary team (MDT) conferences for patients with PCs. METHODS: All patient data were obtained by review of patient medical records. PCs were assessed at the weekly MDT in accordance with the revised Fukuoka guidelines. RESULTS: A total of 455 patients were evaluated within 12 months. A large proportion of the cysts could not be characterised and was handled as branch duct (BD)-intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasia (IPMN). A total of 245 patients were included in a follow-up programme, whereas 175 patients were excluded. Further diagnostic work-up was recommended for 31 patients. A total of 66 patients were reviewed on MDT a second time during the study period, eight of whom received a diagnosis different from that given at the first MDT. A total of 35 patients with mucinous PC or cysts treated as BD-IPMN had either worrisome features (WF) or high-risk stigmata (HRS), four of these patients had a PC ≤ 10 mm. Indication for surgery was WF or HRS and, in the course of 12 months, six patients were recommended surgery taking their PS into account. Two patients had a malignant and two had a premalignant lesion. CONCLUSION: In all, 455 patients were evaluated to find 35 patients with suspected premalignant PCs. This means that almost 8% of the referred patients had suspicious lesions, which indicates a need for a regular MDT conference. FUNDING: None. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Not relevant.

Neuromuscular blockade for improvement of surgical conditions during laparotomy: protocol for a randomised study.

INTRODUCTION: During laparotomy, surgeons frequently experience difficult surgical conditions if the patient's abdominal wall or diaphragm is tense. This issue is particularly pertinent while closing the fascia and placing the intestines into the abdominal cavity. Establishment of a deep neuromuscular blockade (NMB), defined as a post-tetanic-count (PTC) of 0-1, paralyses the abdominal wall muscles and the diaphragm. We hypothesised that deep NMB (PTC 0-1) would improve surgical conditions during upper laparotomy as compared to standard NMB with bolus administration. METHODS: This is an investigator-initiated, assessor- and patient-blinded, randomised study. A total of 128 patients scheduled for elective upper laparotomy will be included and randomised to either continuous deep NMB or standard NMB defined as bolus administrations. Surgical conditions are evaluated using a five-point rating scale every 30 min. Primary outcome is the average score for a patient's surgical condition. Secondary outcomes are, among others, surgical rating score during fascial closure, wound dehiscence, wound infection requiring surgical drainage and incisional hernia at the six-month follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: This randomised, double-blinded study investigates potential effects of deep NMB on surgical conditions and patient outcomes during elective laparotomy. FUNDING: The study is funded in part by a research grant from the Investigator Initiated Studies Program of Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT02140593.