RESUMO
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha is a central cytokine involved in the regulation of the innate immune response. Signal transducers and activators of transcription 4 and signal transducers and activators of transcription 6 are second messengers mediating the Th1 and Th2-specific immune responses, respectively. We studied the outcome of spinal cord injury with respect to the locomotion and axonal regeneration in tumor necrosis factor-alpha, signal transducers and activators of transcription 4 and signal transducers and activators of transcription 6 knockout mice. Locomotor behavior after injury differed between mouse strains, but not between wild-type and the knockout genotypes of the same strain. Regeneration of descending tracts, assessed by fluorogold/fluororuby retrograde double-labeling, however, appeared hampered by Th2 deficiency.
Assuntos
Recuperação de Função Fisiológica/imunologia , Fator de Transcrição STAT4/genética , Fator de Transcrição STAT6/genética , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal/imunologia , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal/fisiopatologia , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/genética , Animais , Feminino , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Camundongos Knockout , Atividade Motora , Regeneração Nervosa/imunologia , Fator de Transcrição STAT4/imunologia , Fator de Transcrição STAT4/metabolismo , Fator de Transcrição STAT6/imunologia , Fator de Transcrição STAT6/metabolismo , Sistemas do Segundo Mensageiro/fisiologia , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal/patologia , Células Th1/fisiologia , Células Th2/fisiologia , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/imunologia , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/metabolismoRESUMO
We prepared a complex membrane consisting of human amnion-derived collagen membrane and polyglycolic acid (PGA), and then gelatin was crosslinked using heat on one side of the complex membrane to prepare a membrane that can prevent adhesion (gelatin-processed PGA-human collagen membrane). Applying this membrane to a rabbit cecum-abdominal-wall-adhesion model, the prevention of adhesion and tissue regeneration were investigated. The animals were sacrificed 2 and 12 weeks after surgery and then examined. The adhesion scores in the short-term observation group (2 weeks after surgery) and long-term observation group (12 weeks after surgery) were 1.0 +/- 2.4 and 0.8 +/- 2.0, respectively, showing a significant prevention of adhesion compared to the control value of 6.3 +/- 2.5 (p < 0.01). Histologically, gelatin was not absorbed, and outgrowth of connective tissue accompanied by capillary blood vessels was observed between the sample and the cecum in the short-term observation group. In the long-term observation group, the sample was completely absorbed, and serous membrane was regenerated on the surface of connective tissue. Based on these findings, it is possible to use gelatin-processed PGA-human collagen membrane as a filling material with both an adhesion-preventing effect and tissue-regenerating function.