Synthetic biology of extremophiles: a new wave of biomanufacturing.

Microbial biomanufacturing, powered by the advances of synthetic biology, has attracted growing interest for the production of diverse products. In contrast to conventional microbes, extremophiles have shown better performance for low-cost production owing to their outstanding growth and synthesis capacity under stress conditions, allowing unsterilized fermentation processes. We review increasing numbers of products already manufactured utilizing extremophiles in recent years. In addition, genetic parts, molecular tools, and manipulation approaches for extremophile engineering are also summarized, and challenges and opportunities are predicted for non-conventional chassis. Next-generation industrial biotechnology (NGIB) based on engineered extremophiles promises to simplify biomanufacturing processes and achieve open and continuous fermentation, without sterilization, and utilizing low-cost substrates, making NGIB an attractive green process for sustainable manufacturing.

Long non-coding RNA GAS6-AS1 enhances breast cancer cell aggressiveness by functioning as a competing endogenous RNA of microRNA-215-5p to enhance SOX9 expression.

Long non-coding (lnc) RNAs play crucial functions in human cancer. However, until recently, the involvement of the lncRNA GAS6-AS1 in breast cancer (BCa) malignancy has not been studied exhaustively. The roles and underlying mode of action of GAS6-AS1 action in BCa progression were examined through functional experiments. A decline in GAS6-AS1 level led to a significant decrease in BCa cell proliferation, and the ability for colony formation. Here, GAS6-AS1 competed as endogenous RNA by sequestering microRNA-215-5p (miR-215-5p) causing an enhanced expression of SRY-box transcription factor 9 (SOX9). The effects of silencing GAS6-AS1 on BCa malignant phenotypes could be ameliorated by inhibiting miR-215-5p or restoring SOX9. Thus, GAS6-AS1 acted as a lncRNA that drives tumor in BCa, and enabled progression of BCa through miR-215-5p /SOX9 axis regulation. These outcomes show that the GAS6-AS1/miR-215-5p/SOX9 axis is a potentially effective target for cancer treatment and management.

[Effects of diaryliodonium on the properties of light-curing composite resin].

OBJECTIVE: To test the effects of two kinds of diaryliodonium on the degree of conversion (DC), the compressive strength (CS) and the cure depth (CD) of the light-curing composite resin. METHODS: BisS-GMA was used as reisin matrix, with TEGDMA as diluent and SiO2 as inorganic filler. CQ, DMAEMA and two different kinds of diaryliodonium (diphenyliodonium hexafluorophosphate and bis (p-tolyl) iodonium hexafluorophosphate) were used as photoinitiator, respectively. The DC, CS, CD were measured and compared by the FTIR spectroscopy, and the tensile strength of machine et al. RESULTS: Diaryliodonium led to greater DC, CS, and CD of the light-curing composite resin. The DC, CS, and CD of the light-curing composite resin increased more with bis (p-tolyl) iodonium hexafluorophosphate than with diphenyliodonium hexafluorophosphate. CONCLUSION: Diaryliodonium can improve the DC, CS, and CD properties of light-curing composite resin. Bis (p-tolyl) iodonium hexafluorophosphate has better performance than diphenyliodonium hexafluorophosphate in improving photosensibility and solubility of the photoinitiator system.

[Effects of silicon carbide on the cure depth, hardness and compressive strength of composite resin].

The hardness, compressive strength and cure depth are important indices of the composite resin. This investigation was made with regard to the effects of silicon carbide on the cure depth, hardness and compressive strength of the light-curing composite resin. Different amounts of silicon carbide were added to the light-curing composite resin, which accounted for 0 wt%, 1 wt%, 0.6 wt%, 0.3 wt%, 0.1 wt%, 0.05 wt% and 0.005 wt% of the composite resin, respectively. The hardness, compressive strength and cure depth of the six afore-mentioned groups of composite resin were measured by the vernier caliper, the vickers hardness tester and the tensile strength of machine, respectively. The results showed that silicon carbide improved the hardness and compressive strength of the light-curing composite resin,when the concentration was 0.05 wt%. And the cure depth was close to that of control.