RESUMO
PURPOSE: To examine the possibility that structural damage to the brain may play a role in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia by measuring the level of plasma S-100B, a calcium-binding protein found predominantly in the cytosol of glial cells. METHOD: Fifty-seven Chinese psychiatric inpatients who met DSM-IV diagnosis of schizophrenia and 60 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. Patients were assessed with the Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale (PANSS) at admission and at 12 weeks after treatment. Plasma samples were collected from patients and controls and S-100B protein was assayed using ELISA. RESULTS: (1) 29 of 57 patients (50.9%) showed increased S-100B level compared to the mean level of 60 healthy controls (p<0.005) vs. only 1 of 60 (1.67%) controls. The S-100B levels of unmedicated (0.119+/-0.059microg/L) and medicated patients (0.117+/-.0.057microg/L) were significantly higher than controls (0.067+/-0.022microg/L, both p<0.001), and S-100B levels of unmedicated patients were higher than those of medicated patients (p=0.024); (2) at admission, S-100B level was positively correlated with total score of PANSS (r=0.269, p=0.043), especially with negative subscore of PANSS (r=0.306, p=0.021), but the correlation was no longer present after patients were treated by anti-psychotic agents. CONCLUSION: The S-100B levels of patients with schizophrenia are significantly higher than that of healthy controls, and the S-100B level is associated with severity of psychopathology, particularly negative symptoms, indicating that patients with schizophrenia may suffer structural damage to central nervous system. The concentration of S-100B may also be associated with treatment progress.
Assuntos
Antipsicóticos/farmacologia , Antipsicóticos/uso terapêutico , Povo Asiático , Clozapina/farmacologia , Clozapina/uso terapêutico , Fatores de Crescimento Neural/sangue , Risperidona/farmacologia , Risperidona/uso terapêutico , Proteínas S100/sangue , Esquizofrenia , Adolescente , Adulto , Manual Diagnóstico e Estatístico de Transtornos Mentais , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores de Crescimento Neural/metabolismo , Subunidade beta da Proteína Ligante de Cálcio S100 , Proteínas S100/metabolismo , Esquizofrenia/sangue , Esquizofrenia/tratamento farmacológico , Esquizofrenia/etnologia , Psicologia do Esquizofrênico , Índice de Gravidade de DoençaRESUMO
To evaluate the role of inherited gene variations in GRIN1 (glutamate receptor, ionotropic NMDA1), BDNF (brain derived neurotrophic factor) genes in human bipolar disorder, we selected 4 single nucleotide polymorphisms in GRIN1, BDNF (2 SNPs in each gene) and made SNPs analysis in 100 unrelated cases and 100 controls by TaqMan. Then we compared genotypes differences between cases and controls. The software SHEsis was also used to make haplotype analysis. The significant results were obtained, showing that the SNPs in GRIN1 gene were related to the BP (P < 0.05). In addition, the combined haplotype T/G had a significant difference in the two groups (P < 0.05). The SNPs in BDNF gene showed no statistical significance. These results confirm that the GRIN1 gene confers susceptibility to bipolar disorder.
Assuntos
Transtorno Bipolar/genética , Fator Neurotrófico Derivado do Encéfalo/genética , Proteínas de Transporte/genética , Proteínas do Tecido Nervoso/genética , Receptores de N-Metil-D-Aspartato/genética , Adulto , Feminino , Frequência do Gene , Predisposição Genética para Doença/genética , Genótipo , Haplótipos/genética , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único/genética , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Accumulating evidence supports that acupuncture has been successfully used for the treatment of neurological disorders to improve cognitive function. This study was set to evaluate the efficacy of electroacupuncture (EA, using two acupoints: Baihui and Shenting) on clinical symptoms, cognitive function and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in patients with schizophrenia. Sixty-one inpatients diagnosed schizophrenia with DSM-IV criteria were recruited. The participants were randomly divided into an experimental group (n=30) and a control group (n=31). The patients were evaluated using the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS), the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) and Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS) at baseline and after EA treatment. There were no significant differences in the PANSS scores and serum BDNF levels between the experimental group and the control group, either at baseline or at the end of the 4-week study period. However, the EA treatment appeared to have significant benefits on memory and moderate benefits on executive functions and problem solving. Significant positive correlation was observed between the increase of BDNF levels and memory improvement after EA treatment. Our results indicated that EA treatment could improve cognitive function, and the cognitive benefits positively associate with serum BDNF levels in patients with schizophrenia.