Effects of Concurrent Exposure to Chronic Restraint-Induced Stress and Total-Body Iron Ion Radiation on Induction of Kidney Injury in Mice.

Concurrent exposure to ionizing radiation (IR) and psychological stress (PS) may affect the development of adverse health consequences in scenarios such as space missions, radiotherapy and nuclear accidents. IR can induce DNA damage and cell apoptosis in the kidneys, thus potentially leading to renal fibrosis, which is the ultimate outcome of various chronic progressive nephropathies and the morphological manifestation of a continuous coordinated response after renal injury. However, little is known regarding the effects of concurrent IR exposure and PS on renal damage, particularly renal fibrosis. In this study, using a chronic restraint-induced PS (CRIPS) model, we exposed Trp53-heterozygous mice to total body irradiation with 0.1 or 2 Gy 56Fe ions on the eighth day of 28 consecutive days of a restraint regimen. At the end of the restraint period, the kidneys were collected. The histopathological changes and the degree of kidney fibrosis were assessed with H&E and Masson staining, respectively. Fibronectin (FN) and alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), biomarkers of fibrosis, were detected by immunohistochemistry. Analysis of 8-hydroxy-2 deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), a biomarker of oxidative DNA damage, was performed with immunofluorescence, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated nick end labeling assays were used to detect apoptotic cells. Histopathological observations did not indicate significant structural damage induced by IR or CRIPS + IR. Western blotting revealed that the expression of α-SMA was much higher in the CRIPS + IR groups than the CRIPS groups. However, no differences in the average optical density per area were observed for FN, α-SMA and 8-OHdG between the IR and CRIPS + IR groups. No difference in the induction of apoptosis was observed between the IR and CRIPS + IR groups. These results suggested that exposure to IR (0.1 and 2 Gy 56Fe ions), 28 consecutive days of CRIPS or both did not cause renal fibrosis. Thus, CRIPS did not alter the IR-induced effects on renal damage in Trp53-heterozygous mice in our experimental setup.

Exploration for cobalt/nitrogen-doped catalyst to creatinine degradation via peroxymonosulfate activation: toxicity evaluation, statistical modeling, and mechanisms study.

Developing multifunctional catalysts applied in diversiform modes via advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) is a promising and attractive approach for organic pollution degradation. Herein, a novel hollow bamboo-like structural cobalt/nitrogen-doped carbonized material (CoC/N) was employed as a catalyst for AOPs, in which CoC/N was prepared in situ through calcining a Co-based coordination polymer. When CoC/N was utilized as a peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activator, the catalyst stood out prominent activities for effective CA oxidation. Furthermore, a five-level central composite rotatable design (CCRD) model describing CA decay as a function of PMS concentration, CoC/N dosage, and solution pH value was successfully constructed and engaged to explore the optimal operating conditions. Finally, the possible degradation mechanism of CA in CoC/N-PMS system was proposed by quantum chemistry calculation and LC/MS analysis. This work shed light on the structural morphology of the catalyst and its PMS synergy degradation pathway, which promotes its applications in miscellaneous pollutant degradation. A new Co/N-doped material was used to degrade unconventionality organic pollutant creatinine (CA) for the first time, in which the scientific approaches of five-level central composite rotatable design (CCRD) model, response surface methodology (RSM) and density function theory (DFT) were employed to evaluate the material performance and CA degradation pathway. The toxicity evaluation, statistical modeling and mechanisms study have been investigated meticulously.

Loss of RPS27a expression regulates the cell cycle, apoptosis, and proliferation via the RPL11-MDM2-p53 pathway in lung adenocarcinoma cells.

BACKGROUND: Depletion of certain ribosomal proteins induces p53 activation, which is mediated mainly by ribosomal protein L5 (RPL5) and/or ribosomal protein L11 (RPL11). Therefore, RPL5 and RPL11 may link RPs and p53 activation. Thus, this study aimed to explore whether RPs interact with RPL11 and regulate p53 activation in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) cells. METHODS: The endogenous RPL11-binding proteins in A549 cells were pulled down through immunoprecipitation and identified with a proteomics approach. Docking analysis and GST-fusion protein assays were used to analyze the interaction of ribosomal protein S27a (RPS27a) and RPL11. Co-immunoprecipitation and in vitro ubiquitination assays were used to detect the effects of knockdown of RPS27a on the interaction between RPS27a and RPL11, and on p53 accumulation. Cell cycle, apoptosis, cell invasion and migration, cell viability and colony-formation assays were performed in the presence of knockdown of RPS27a. The RPS27a mRNA expression in LUAD was analyzed on the basis of the TCGA dataset, and RPS27a expression was detected through immunohistochemistry in LUAD samples. Finally, RPS27a and p53 expression was analyzed through immunohistochemistry in A549 cell xenografts with knockdown of RPS27a. RESULTS: RPS27a was identified as a novel RPL11 binding protein. GST pull-down assays revealed that RPS27a directly bound RPL11. Knockdown of RPS27a weakened the interaction between RPS27a and RPL11, but enhanced the binding of RPL11 and murine double minute 2 (MDM2), thereby inhibiting the ubiquitination and degradation of p53 by MDM2. Knockdown of RPS27a stabilized p53 in an RPL11-dependent manner and induced cell viability inhibition, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in a p53-dependent manner in A549 cells. The expression of RPS27a was upregulated in LUAD and correlated with LUAD progression and poorer prognosis. Overexpression of RPS27a correlated with upregulation of p53, MDM2 and RPL11 in LUAD clinical specimens. Knockdown of RPS27a increased p53 activation, thus, suppressing the formation of A549 cell xenografts in nude mice. CONCLUSIONS: RPS27a interacts with RPL11, and RPS27a knockdown enhanced the binding of RPL11 and MDM2, thereby inhibiting MDM2-mediated p53 ubiquitination and degradation; in addition, RPS27a as important roles in LUAD progression and prognosis, and may be a therapeutic target for patients with LUAD.

2D MOFs-based Materials for the Application of Water Pollutants Removing: Fundamentals and Prospects.

Water quality can have serious impacts on human health. One crucial issue of water pollution seriously affects our safety due to the continually emerging of discovered anthropogenic pollutants. The water treatment technologies are persistent improvement to adapt such new contaminants, which accelerates the evolution of materials science to explore solving the problems. Metal-organic Frameworks (MOFs) as the significant porous and multi-dimensional networks has been concerned for toxic pollutant elimination, especially probed the applications of outstanding layered 2D skeletons MOFs-based materials. The emphases of this review highlight the 2D MOFs-based materials used in water remediation and treatment strategies including adsorption and catalysis methods. Further, the prospects and challenges of 2D MOFs-based materials for water treatments applications would be surveyed meticulously for the future research and development.

Fe-Based Coordination Polymers as Battery-Type Electrodes in Semi-Solid-State Battery-Supercapacitor Hybrid Devices.

One two-dimensional Fe-based metal-organic framework (FeSC1) and one one-dimensional coordination polymer (FeSC2) have been solvothermally prepared through the reaction among FeSO4·7H2O, the tripodal ligand 4,4',4″-s-triazine-2,4,6-triyl-tribenzoate (H3TATB), and flexible secondary building blocks p/m-bis((1H-imidazole-1-yl)methyl)benzene (bib). Given that their abundant interlayer spaces and different coordination modes, two compounds have been employed as battery-type electrodes to understand how void space and different coordination modes affect their performances in three-electrode electrochemical systems. Both materials exhibit outstanding but different electrochemical performances (including distinct capacities and charge-transfer abilities) under three-electrode configurations, where the charge storage for each electrode material is mainly dominated by the diffusion-controlled section (i ∝ v0.5) through power-law equations. Additionally, the partial phase transformations to more stable FeOOH are also detected in the long-term cycling loops. After coupling with the capacitive carbon-based electrode to assemble into the semi-solid-state battery-supercapacitor-hybrid (sss-BSH) devices, the sss-FeSC1//AC BSH device delivers excellent capacitance, superior energy and power density, and longstanding endurance as well as the potential practical property.

From Ag2 Zr(IO3 )6 to LaZr(IO3 )5 F2 : A Case of Constructing Wide-band-gap Birefringent Materials through Chemical Cosubstitution.

Two mixed-metal zirconium iodates were prepared and studied as a case of chemical cosubstitution. The structure of Ag2 Zr(IO3 )6 (P21 /c) features 0D [Zr(IO3 )6 ]2- anion group and 1D [Ag(IO3 )2 ]- anionic chain, with the [Zr(IO3 )6 ]2- anion groups interconnected by Ag+ ions into 3D network; LaZr(IO3 )5 F2 (P21 /n) features 0D [Zr(IO3 )5 F2 ]3- anion group and 2D [La(IO3 )5 ]2- anionic layer, with the [Zr(IO3 )5 F2 ]3- groups interlinked by La3+ ions into 3D structure. Notably, LaZr(IO3 )5 F2 is the first zirconium iodate fluoride reported. Wide optical band gaps of 3.77 and 4.13 eV are given for Ag2 Zr(IO3 )6 and LaZr(IO3 )5 F2 , respectively. Theoretical calculations confirmed that the weak d-d transition of Zr4+ in the band structure leads to a moderate band gap of Ag2 Zr(IO3 )6 , and the introduction of F- into the zirconium iodate compound results in a large band gap of LaZr(IO3 )5 F2 . Both of the compounds are birefringent materials with birefringences of 0.064 @1064 nm and 0.082 @1064 nm, respectively.

Hyperbranched thiourea-grafted electrospun polyacrylonitrile fibers for efficient and selective gold recovery.

Research on the recovery of precious metals (including gold, Au), attracts attention of scientists worldwide. This paper reports synthesis of a novel fiber adsorbent consisting of hyperbranched thiourea-grafted electrospun polyacrylonitrile (HS-PAN) for Au(III) ion recovery. High-density functional groups of the hyperbranched structure allowed HS-PAN fibers to exhibit much higher affinity and selectivity towards Au(III) than towards Pt(IV), Cr(VI), Pb(II), Ni(II), Co(II), Fe(III), Mg(II), Cu(II) and Na(I). Au(III) adsorption proceeded according to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and could be fitted very well using Langmuir isotherm. The maximum adsorption capacity of these fibers relative to Au(III) was 3257.3 mg/g, which is higher than the values reported in the literature for other Au(III) adsorbents. Our novel HS-PAN fibers can extract Au from real electronic waste with 99% recovery yield in just 1 h. Thus, this study demonstrates a very efficient and low-cost way to recover gold.

Enhancing the Performance of a Battery-Supercapacitor Hybrid Energy Device Through Narrowing the Capacitance Difference Between Two Electrodes via the Utilization of 2D MOF-Nanosheet-Derived Ni@Nitrogen-Doped-Carbon Core-Shell Rings as Both Negative and Positive Electrodes.

Narrowing the capacitance gap between the positive and negative electrodes for the enhancement of the energy densities of battery-supercapacitor hybrid (BSH) devices is urgent and very important. Herein, a new strategy to synchronously improve the positive-negative system and reduce the capacitance discrepancies between two electrodes through the utilization of the same MOF-based precursors ([Ni(ATA)2(H2O)2](H2O)3) has been proposed. Nickel/nitrogen codoped carbon (Ni@NC) materials, serving as positive electrodes, deliver battery-type behavior with the enhancement of capacities, which are even superior to those of pristine carbon-based materials with large surface areas. Meanwhile, HCl-treated Ni@NC materials (named A-Ni@NC) are employed as negative electrodes within the potential window of -1 to 0 V and exhibit higher capacitances than that of the commercial activated carbon. With Ni@NC and A-Ni@NC as positive and negative electrodes in BSH devices, the as-fabricated cells display higher capacities and energy densities, more excellent cycling stability, and far superior capacity retention in comparison with those of Ni@NC//AC cells. These results clearly confirm that our strategy is successful and effective.

A self-penetrated three-dimensional zinc(II) coordination framework based on 4,4',4''-(1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyl)tribenzoic acid and 1,3-bis[(imidazol-1-yl)methyl]benzene ligands: synthesis, structure and properties.

With the rapid development of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), a variety of MOFs and their derivatives have been synthesized and reported in recent years. Commonly, multifunctional aromatic polycarboxylic acids and nitrogen-containing ligands are employed to construct MOFs with fascinating structures. 4,4',4''-(1,3,5-Triazine-2,4,6-triyl)tribenzoic acid (H3TATB) and the bidentate nitrogen-containing ligand 1,3-bis[(imidazol-1-yl)methyl]benzene (bib) were selected to prepare a novel ZnII-MOF under solvothermal conditions, namely poly[[tris{µ-1,3-bis[(imidazol-1-yl)methyl]benzene}bis[µ3-4,4',4''-(1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyl)tribenzoato]trizinc(II)] dimethylformamide disolvate trihydrate], {[Zn3(C24H12N3O6)2(C14H14N4)3]·2C3H7NO·3H2O}n (1). The structure of 1 was characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, IR spectroscopy and powder X-ray diffraction. The properties of 1 were investigated by thermogravimetric and fluorescence analysis. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction shows that 1 belongs to the monoclinic space group Pc. The asymmetric unit contains three crystallographically independent ZnII centres, two 4,4',4''-(1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyl)tribenzoate (TATB3-) anions, three complete bib ligands, one and a half free dimethylformamide molecules and three guest water molecules. Each ZnII centre is four-coordinated and displays a distorted tetrahedral coordination geometry. The ZnII centres are connected by TATB3- anions to form an angled ladder chain with large windows. Simultaneously, the bib ligands link ZnII centres to give a helical Zn-bib-Zn chain. Furthermore, adjacent ladders are bridged by Zn-bib-Zn chains to form a fascinating three-dimensional self-penetrated framework with the short Schläfli symbol 65·7·813·9·10. In addition, the luminescence properties of 1 in the solid state and the fluorescence sensing of metal ions in suspension were studied. Significantly, compound 1 shows potential application as a fluorescent sensor with sensing properties for Zr4+ and Cu2+ ions.

Conjugate Polymer-clothed TiO2@V2O5 nanobelts and their enhanced visible light photocatalytic performance in water remediation.

An organic/inorganic core-shell nanobelt, TiO2@V2O5-Polypyrrole (PPy) exhibiting high photocatalytic performance and water-stability was successfully prepared. The heterojunction between the TiO2 nanobelt and V2O5 nanosheets improves both the ability to absorb visible light and the separation efficiency of the photogenerated carrier. When covered with the conjugated polymer PPy, the organic/inorganic nanocomposite absorbs throughout the whole visible light region and exhibits enhanced photocatalytic performance. Due to the outstanding transfer and separation efficiency of the electrons and holes, the new catalytic system is applied to remove water-soluble organic pollutants such as tetracycline (TC), doxycycline and oxytetracycline in high efficiency under visible light irradiation. Moreover, the PPy nanolayer prevents leakage of V2O5, which is beneficial to the construction of a stable heterostructure, and thus the prepared photocatalyst can be recycled. A plausible detailed mechanism for the TiO2@V2O5-PPy photocatalytic system has also been proposed and confirmed. Our work provides a new method for the preparation of inorganic/organic hybrids and their potential application for use in water remediation.

An Efficient Photocatalyst Based on Black TiO2 Nanoparticles and Porous Carbon with High Surface Area: Degradation of Antibiotics and Organic Pollutants in Water.

Porous carbon (PC) materials with high surface area can separate electron-hole pairs and adsorb organic pollutants more effectively. A series of nanocomposites were prepared by anchoring black TiO2 nanoparticles (BTN) onto PC through a calcination process. Chemical and structural features of samples were examined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction (P-XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses. The resulting adsorption-photocatalysis synergistic effect led to a dramatically improved photocurrent for BTN@PCs, thus indicating the high photocatalytic performance toward water-soluble organic species. For instance, the degradation of tetracycline under visible light reached 90 %, which is higher than that for activated carbon doped onto BTN (57 %) without any additional agents. Moreover, the degradation of other antibiotics (such as oxytetracycline and ciprofloxacin) and methylene blue were also studied, thus showing that this system has the potential to be used for water treatment.