Correlations between Dental Implant Infectious Pathologies and Maxillary Sinusitis: A Review Article.

(1) Background: The demands of patients for aesthetic and functional rehabilitation of edentulous areas led to the use of dental implants as therapeutic means on an increasingly large scale. This aspect determined the appearance of some infectious pathologies with a peri-implant starting point that can be complicated by various sinus diseases. The purpose of this review article is to synthesize the existing information in the specialized literature regarding the existing correlations between peri-implant and maxillary sinusitis. (2) Methods: The articles published in five databases were researched using different combinations of search terms. We selected 12 articles from the 250 found, by applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria and removing duplicates. (3) Results: We analyzed the included studies and we found that all of them reported a positive correlation between maxillary sinusitis and peri-implant infectious diseases. There are also reported other pathologies with a peri-implant infectious disease as a starting point such as abscesses, oro-antral communications, or foreign body reactions due to implant or bone graft materials migration. (4) Conclusions: This scoping review highlighted the existence of correlations between peri-implant and sinus pathology and the importance of preventing peri-implant diseases of an infectious nature to avoid the occurrence of these complications.

The Main Bacterial Communities Identified in the Sites Affected by Periimplantitis: A Systematic Review.

(1) Background: Periimplantitis is an infectious condition that affects the periimplant tissue and is of bacterial etiology. However, to date, the exact bacterial flora involved in its occurrence is not known. The aim of this literature review was to summarize the articles published on this topic and to identify the main bacterial species isolated in periimplantitis. (2) Methods: The articles published in three databases were researched: Pubmed, Embase and Web of Science using Prisma guides and combinations of MeSH terms. We selected 25 items from the 980 found by applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. (3) Results: We quantified the results of the 25 studies included in this review. In general, the most commonly identified bacterial species were Gram-negative anaerobic species, as Prevotella, Streptococcus, Fusobacterium and Treponema. (4) Conclusion: The most frequent bacteria in the periimplantitis sites identified in this review are Gram-negative anaerobic species, also involved in the pathogenesis of the periodontal disease.

Impact of COVID-19 on Dental Emergency Services in Cluj-Napoca Metropolitan Area: A Cross-Sectional Study.

This study aimed to assess dental care needs in Cluj region during the State of Emergency, declared due to the COVID-19 pandemic, compared to the same period of the year 2019. A descriptive retrospective analysis was conducted, which retrieved patients seeking emergency dental services at the Emergency Department of County General Hospital and "Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, the only dental service available in April 2020. Recorded data cover the month of April 2020 and is compared with the same period of 2019. During April 2020, 724 patients received dental care, whereas only 160 patients were treated in April 2019 in the same facility. The number of patients with acute apical periodontitis, abscess, and acute pulpitis was significantly higher in 2020. The percentage of patients receiving sedative filling for the treatment of acute pulpitis in 2020 was significantly higher than in 2019, while the proportion of patients receiving pulpectomy was higher in 2019. The percentage of patients receiving endodontic drainage for the treatment of acute periapical periodontitis in 2020 was higher. This study demonstrates that the COVID-19 pandemic impacted the use of medical care services and could further impact the oral health and quality of life of patients.

Assessment of the correlations between nicotine dependence, exhaled carbon monoxide levels and oral hygiene status: an observational study.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Cigarette smoking has negative effects on general health, including oral health. The aim of our study was to assess the correlations between nicotine dependence, exhaled carbon monoxide levels and oral hygiene status. METHODS: Smoker and non-smoker participants were enrolled in this observational study. The Fagerström test was used to classify nicotine dependences: low (score: 0-3), medium (score: 4-6) or high (score: 7-10). The oral hygiene status was classified according to the oral hygiene indices of plaque, calculus and gingival inflammation. Lastly, the exhaled carbon monoxide levels were measured with a MicroSmokelyzer (Bedfont Scientific Ltd., Kent, United Kingdom). RESULTS: Sixty five participants (50 smokers in the study group and 15 non-smokers in the control group) were enrolled between 11th and 29th of January 2016. No statistical differences were observed between the study group and the control group in terms of age (mean age±SD 23.5±1.9 and 24.0±1.5, respectively) or gender (50% and 26.6%, respectively). A statistically significant difference was observed between the 2 groups in terms of plaque, (p=0.036), calculus (p=0.001) and gingival indices (p<0.001). A positive correlation was found between the exhaled levels of carbon monoxide and the general Fagerström score (r=0.97, p<0.001) or the Fagerström score in smokers (r=0.93, p<0.001); a negative correlation was observed between the exhaled carbon monoxide levels and the number of tooth brushings daily (r=-0.41, p=0.001). The plaque index was statistically significantly associated with the exhaled carbon monoxide levels (p=0.008), general Fagerström score (p=0.016) and number of tooth brushings daily (p<0.001). The calculus and gingival indices were statistically significantly associated with the exhaled carbon monoxide levels (p<0.001), general Fagerström score (p<0.001) and score in smoker participants (p=0.029 and p=0.001, respectively) as well as the number of tooth brushings daily (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Our study found a significant association between the plaque, calculus and gingival indices and smoking. Moreover, nicotine dependence was significantly associated with the number of daily tooth brushings and the gingival index.

Sinus lift and dental implant treatment as an option for enhancing the quality of life of our patients.

The loss of teeth in the posterior maxillary area is a real handicap for patients, which significantly affects their quality of life. This study aims to perform an exhaustive multidisciplinary analysis of bone reconstruction at this level using alloplastic osteoinductive material, followed by dental implant treatment. The results of the study show a 92.7% rate of implant integration and a 35% rate of replacement of the augmentation material with new bone after six months. The recovery of the lost functions is complete, and after a maximum length of time of 18 days, with a mean of 4.36 days, patients no longer perceive the reconstruction as a foreign body, which means a real improvement in their quality of life.