Prevalence and Factors Associated With Criminal Behavior Among Illicit Drug Users: A Cross-Sectional Study.

BACKGROUND: Studies indicate high rates of criminal behavior, violent activities, and legal problems among illicit drug users (IDU) in Brazil. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence and factors associated with criminal behavior among IDU undergoing treatment for chemical dependency in Central Brazil. METHODS: Cross-sectional study carried out with IDU undergoing treatment for chemical dependence. Data were collected by means of face-to-face interviews and analyzed using logistic regression. RESULTS: Of the total participants (n = 274), 46.7%, 15.7%, and 10.9% reported involvement in robbery, drug trafficking and homicide, respectively. Robbery was associated with young age, withdrawal symptoms, prison record, sex work, and crack use, while drug trafficking was associated with young age, low education, and marijuana use. Homicides were associated with cocaine and marijuana use. CONCLUSION: The results show high rates of criminal behavior among drug users, demonstrating associations between socio-demographic and behavioral characteristics, illicit drug use, and practices of illegal activities. These variables must be considered when planning programs and policies to reduce harm related to drug use and abuse.

Transactional Sex among Noninjecting Illicit Drug Users: Implications for HIV Transmission.

Noninjecting illicit drug users (NIDUs) present high risk for HIV infection, due especially to transactional sex. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and risk factors for transactional sex among NIDUs in the Southwest region of Goiás State, Central Brazil. The prevalence of self-reported transactional sex was 22.8%. Prevalence in women and men was 52.7% and 16.8%, respectively, a significant difference (p < 0.001). Crack use and history of sexually transmitted infections (STI) were risk factors for transactional sex in men. Homelessness, crack use, sex under the influence of drugs, and history of sexual violence were risk factors for transactional sex in women. A high prevalence of transactional sex was observed among NIDUs. This risk behavior may contribute to the high rates of HIV among this population and their social networks and in the general population.

Application of the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) instrument: an integrative review. / Aplicação do instrumento Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST): uma revisão integrativa.

Objective To systematize the knowledge and the learning of how the instrument Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) has been applied. Method Integrative review, performed from May to July 2014, searching the databases Latin American and Caribbean Health Science Literature (LILACS), Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (Medline), PubMed and Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), as well as in the search system of the Portal of Journals of the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES). We selected 26 articles. Results ASSIST focused on helping the identification and classification of psychoactive substances use, and it has proved to be important in screening the involvement with alcohol and other drugs, and effectiveness in primary health care. Conclusion It was confirmed as an instrument to be used in Health Care.

Professional knowledge in primary health care of the person/family in mental distress: Le Boterf perspective.

UNLABELLED: Aim of this study was to identify knowing-doing actions constituted the practice of Family Health (FH), in view of nurses in relation to the person and family care in mental distress in terms of professional knowledge of Le Boterf. METHOD: Descriptive exploratory qualitative study, to deepen contruction of nurse in FH. The survey was conducted in 3 Units FH. RESULT: Doing a thematic analysis, came to the following categories: "Knowing how to act and react with relevance"; "Knowing how to combine resources and mobilize them in a professional context"; "Knowing how to interact with multiple knowledges"; "Knowing how to transpose"; "Knowing how to learn and knowing how to learn to learn"; "Knowing how to engage". FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: the greatest difficulty was "be able to transpose," and that the daily demand of the FH teams requires a lot of this knowledge. Little transposition of knowing-doing in real situations has been verified.

Epidemiology of tobacco use and nicotine dependence in truck drivers.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the epidemiology of tobacco use and nicotine dependence in a sample of truck drivers in Brazil. METHODS: Between 2015 and 2016, a cross-sectional study was conducted on 624 truck drivers who operate on the BR-050 highway in Brazil. Participants were interviewed about sociodemographic data, occupational characteristics, mental health, behavioral data, and tobacco use. Then, the Fagerstrom test for nicotine dependence (FTND) was used to verify nicotine dependence in smoking truck drivers. Logistic regression and linear regression were also used to verify factors associated with tobacco use in the previous 30 days and nicotine dependence scores, respectively. RESULTS: The prevalence of tobacco use among truck drivers was 21.1% (n = 132;95%CI: 18.1-24.5). Of the total number of smokers who responded to the FTND (n = 118; 89.4%), most had high/very high nicotinic dependence (68.6%; 95%CI: 59.8-76.3). Tobacco use was associated with absence of religion (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 2.60; 95%CI: 1.35-5.01), employment relationship of the contract (AOR = 1.98; 95%CI: 1.26-3.13); > 12 hours daily working time (AOR = 1.80; 95%CI: 1.09-2.98) and alcohol use in the previous 30 days (AOR = 2.92; 95%CI: 1.86-4.57). Irregular physical activity was associated with higher scores of nicotine dependence (ß = 1.87; 95%CI: 0.55-3.19). CONCLUSION: The results showed a high prevalence of tobacco use and high/very high nicotine dependence among the truck drivers.

Screening for common mental disorder in elderly residents in the countryside: a cross-sectional study.

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of common mental disorders and their associated factors in the elderly in a municipality in the countryside of the Brazilian Midwest. METHODS: Quantitative, observational, cross-sectional approach research, conducted with 218 elderly people. RESULTS: The prevalence of the common mental disorder among the elderly was 25.1%; in the univariate analysis, it was higher in females (35.4%), in the age group of 80 years or older (46.1%), brown skin color (30.2%), widowed (42.6%), illiterate (47.6%), and retired (27.6%). In the multiple analysis, the variables female gender (p<0.006), age 80 years or older (p<0.036), dissatisfaction with life (p<0.009), lack of social interaction (p=0.017), and dysfunctional family (p=0.021) remained associated with CMD. CONCLUSION: The results revealed are helpful and contribute to the reinforcement of the need for mental health care in this population extract so growing worldwide.

[Mental health in primary attention: needed constitution of competences]. / Saúde mental na atenção primária: necessária constituição de competências.

The family/people integrally attention is one of health services and professionals challenges, creating spaces for metal health in the primary level health attention. The aim of this study is to reflect about the constitution necessity of new knowledges/dones to the mental health at the primary attention, taking as perspective the competence referential. Essay developed since the historical assumptions ascertains that contextualize the Family Health Strategy and its interfaces with the psychosocial principles and some nurse background implications since the competence development theoretical intentions. We consider that reality transformation, with the health attention improvement asks for knowledges/dones constitution that attends to the psychosocial attention and the Unique Health System rules.

[The constitution of competences in mental health nursing education and practice]. / A constituição de competências na formação e na prática do enfermeiro em saúde mental.

UNLABELLED: This qualitative study had the purpose to increase the discussions about the constitution of competences in the education of nurses so that they can work in the mental healthcare area. GOALS: to analyze the representations of the research subjects about mental healthcare competences. METHOD: qualitative research. SETTING: The nursing department in a public university in the state of São Paulo. SUBJECTS: Professors and healthcare nurses working in the same area. The mobilization of testimonies happened in focus groups, followed by discourse analysis. The building of competences and promotion of complex situations in the students' learning process were discussed, and the discourse analysis yielded the following empirical categories: The concept of competence, What is a complex situation, Which knowledge is necessary to manage complex situations in psychiatric nursing and mental healthcare, Competence: knowing how to manage a complex situation.

Determinants of mental health and abuse of psychoactive substances associated with tobacco use. A case-control study. / Determinantes de saúde mental e abuso de substâncias psicoativas associadas ao tabagismo. Estudo de caso controle.

This study aimed to estimate the strength of association among smokers with variables regarding mental health, family functionality, and use of other psychoactive substances. This is a case-control observational study developed from March to November 2016. The study was conducted in a Brazilian Midwest municipality with 646 subjects, of which 323 were cases. In the model, the case group comprised subjects with a certain degree of tobacco dependence. The control group included subjects that were not exposed to tobacco. Concerning tobacco use time, the mean exposure of the case group was 25.65 years. In the multiple logistic regression analysis model the following were positively associated: non-white skin color (p = 0.002); years of study ≤ 8 (p < 0.001); having children (p < 0.001); informal work (p = 0.024); not having a health plan (p < 0.001); high family dysfunction (p = 0.007); AUDIT ≥ 8 (p < 0.001); depression (p < 0.001); having illicit drug in lifetime (p < 0.001); living with other people (p = 0.003) and no religion (p = 0.001). This study reinforces the vulnerability of smokers, associating variables correlated to the field of mental health, and innovates by discussing the influence of family relationships on nicotinic dependence.

O objetivo deste estudo foi estimar a força de associação entre tabagistas com variáveis referentes à saúde mental, à funcionalidade familiar e ao uso de outras substâncias psicoativas. Estudo caso-controle, observacional, desenvolvido nos meses de março a novembro de 2016. O campo de estudo foi um município no Centro-Oeste do país e constituiu-se por uma população de 646 indivíduos, sendo 323 casos. No modelo, o grupo caso compreendeu indivíduos com algum grau de dependência ao tabaco. O grupo controle envolveu indivíduos que não foram expostos ao tabaco. Em relação ao tempo de tabagismo, a média de exposição do grupo caso foi de 25,65 anos. No modelo de análise múltipla de regressão logística associaram-se positivamente cor de pele não branca (p = 0,002); anos de estudo ≤ 8 (p < 0,001); ter filhos (p < 0,001); trabalho informal (p = 0,024); não possuir plano de saúde (p < 0,001); elevada disfunção familiar (p = 0,007); AUDIT ≥ 8 (p < 0,001); depressão (p < 0,001); já ter usado droga ilícita na vida (p < 0,001); morar com outras pessoas (p = 0,003) e não possuir religião (p = 0,001). Este estudo reforça a vulnerabilidade dos fumantes investigados, ao associar variáveis correlacionadas ao âmbito da saúde mental, e inova ao discutir a influência das relações familiares na dependência nicotínica.

Care model for Primary Care workers: Convergent Care Research.

OBJECTIVE: To verify the application of the Operative Group as a care tool for the workers of Primary Health Care, with a view to the constitution of mental health care at work. METHOD: Convergent Care Research as a research process and health workers as subjects. The intervention strategy as a proposal to accommodate the mental suffering of the worker was the Operative Group. RESULTS: Two categories emerged: "Evidence of Suffering at Work" and "Group Learning: Group Reception by the Group". FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: The use of the Operative Group has been assertive in providing the subjects with a space for listening to adversities in the work environment and active learning of reality, reflection and confrontation of basic fears, development of a pro-change project through peer and active learning of reality.

THE ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION IS AMENDED AFTER BARIATRIC SURGERY? AN INTEGRATIVE REVIEW.

BACKGROUND: Bariatric surgery has been an alternative when conservative methods of weight loss fail. Patients undergoing bariatric surgery have an increased risk of up to 6.5% of problems related to alcohol. OBJETIVE: To review the literature about the changes on alcohol consumption in this public. METHOD: Database was accessed from June of 2015 to January of 2016 by searching "bariatric surgery" AND "alcoholism", and their Portuguese equivalents. Science Direct, PubMed, Lilacs and Medline, besides manual search, were searched. To be included, the paper should have been published between 2005-2016 and related to bariatric surgery and alcoholism. Theses, dissertations, unpublished papers, case reports and theoretical studies were excluded. In 2005 there was only one review of change in alcohol metabolism in patients undergoing bariatric surgery. There were no publications in 2006. In 2007, only one study was published, and it did not meet the inclusion criteria. In 2010, there was an increase of 13% in publications and of 20% in 2012, reaching 40% in 2013. CONCLUSION: The prevalence and incidence of alcohol consumption in relation to the postoperative time was six months to three years with higher incidence in men. Roux-en-Y gastric bypass showed greater association with increased alcohol consumption during the postoperative period. This and other studies showed that the pattern of alcohol consumption is important to be faced as a problem in bariatric surgery follow-up.

Group interventions in psychosocial care centers for alcohol and drugs: challenges of care practice / Intervenciones grupales en centros de atención psicosocial alcohol y drogas: desafíos de la práctica de atención / Intervenções grupais em centros de atenção psicossocial álcool e drogas: desafios da prática assistencial

ABSTRACT Objective: to understand the challenges of care practice with group interventions Psychosocial Care Centers for Alcohol and Drugs. Method: qualitative intervention research developed with 30 professionals from four Alcohol and Psychosocial Drug Care Centers in a municipality in central Brazil from March to April 2019. We used a professional characterization instrument and conversation wheels to collect data that were submitted to the thematic modality of content analysis. Results: some challenges that permeate the practice with group interventions in CAPSad were evidenced, from the professionals' perspective, such as inadequate physical structure and scarcity of material resources; issues related to aspects of users such as difficulty in adhesion and commitment to groups, incompatible work schedules and lack of financial resources for travel to the centers; factors related to the competence of professionals as not having affinity to work with groups, absence of specific training, prioritization of other practices, demotivation, absence of care records and difficulty in performing the patient discharge and; aspects of work processes such as outpatient organizational culture, very high demand, insufficient human resources, lack of external supervision, few offers of therapeutic groups and lack of criteria for the definition of group coordinators. Conclusion: the challenges experienced include issues of inadequate physical structure and deficient material resources, difficulties related to the life contexts of users, competence of professionals and factors of the work processes of the services.

RESUMEN Objetivo comprender los desafíos de la práctica asistencial con intervenciones grupales en Centros de Atención Psicosocial de Alcohol y Drogas. Método investigación de intervención desarrollada con 30 profesionales de cuatro Centros de Atención Psicosocial de Alcohol y Drogas de un municipio del centro de Brasil de marzo a abril de 2019. Utilizamos un instrumento de caracterización profesional y ruedas de conversación para recolectar datos que fueron sometidos a la modalidad temática de análisis de contenido. Resultados: se evidenciaron algunos desafíos que permean la práctica con intervenciones grupales en CAPSad, desde la perspectiva de los profesionales, como estructura física inadecuada y escasez de recursos materiales; cuestiones relacionadas con aspectos de los usuarios como dificultad para incorporar y compromiso de grupos, jornada laboral incompatible y falta de recursos económicos para desplazamiento al servicio; factores d la competencia de los profesionales como no tener afinidad para trabajar con grupos, ausencia de formación específica, priorización de otras prácticas, desmotivación, ausencia de registros de atención y dificultad en la realización del alta de los usuarios y; aspectos de los procesos de trabajo como cultura organizacional ambulatoria, demanda muy grande, recursos humanos insuficientes, falta de supervisión externa, pocas ofertas de grupos terapéuticos y falta de criterio para la definición de coordinadores de grupo. Conclusión: lo vivido incluye cuestiones de estructura física inadecuada y recursos materiales deficientes, desafíos relacionados con los contextos de vida de los usuarios, competencia de los profesionales y factores de los procesos de trabajo de los servicios.

RESUMO Objetivo: compreender os desafios da prática assistencial com intervenções grupais em Centros de Atenção Psicossocial Álcool e Drogas. Método: pesquisa-intervenção de abordagem qualitativa desenvolvida com 30 profissionais de quatro Centros de Atenção Psicossocial Álcool e Drogas de um município da região central do Brasil de março e abril de 2019. Utilizou-se instrumento de caracterização profissiográfica e rodas de conversa para coleta de dados que foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo, modalidade temática. Resultados: evidenciou-se alguns desafios que permeiam a prática com intervenções grupais em CAPSad, sob a ótica dos profissionais, como estrutura física inadequada e escassez de recursos materiais; questões ligadas a aspectos dos usuários como a dificuldade de adesão e comprometimento com os grupos, agenda de trabalho incompatível e falta de recursos financeiros para deslocamento ao serviço; fatores da competência dos profissionais como não ter afinidade de trabalhar com grupos, ausência de formação específica, priorização de outras práticas, desmotivação, ausência de registros dos atendimentos e dificuldade de realizar a alta dos usuários e; aspectos dos processos de trabalho como cultura organizacional ambulatorial, demanda muito grande, recursos humanos insuficientes, falta de supervisão externa, poucas ofertas de grupos terapêuticos e ausência de critérios para a definição de coordenadores de grupos. Conclusão: os desafios vivenciados englobam questões de estrutura física inadequada e recursos materiais deficitários, dificuldades ligadas aos contextos de vida dos usuários, competência dos profissionais e fatores dos processos de trabalho dos serviços.

[Prevalence and factors associated with alcohol use during pregnancy in a maternity hospital in Goiás, Central Brazil]. / Prevalência e fatores associados ao uso de álcool durante a gestação em uma maternidade de Goiás, Brasil Central.

The scope of this article is to estimate the prevalence and factors associated with alcohol use during pregnancy. It involved a cross-sectional study in a sample of 361 pregnant women in a reference service for gynecological and prenatal care. The data related to socio-demographic characteristics, alcohol use and potential associated factors were collected through face-to-face interviews. Poisson regression with robust variance was used to identify factors associated with the outcome analyzed. The consumption of alcohol in the sample was 17.7% (95% CI: 95% CI: 14.1% to 22.0%). A history of pre-gestational or gestational diabetes, suicidal ideation and tobacco use in the last 30 days was associated with alcohol use during pregnancy (p < 0.05). The study showed a high prevalence of alcohol use during the current pregnancy and its association with important factors. Actions such as screening for alcohol and advice on problems associated with the use of this substance, especially during the prenatal period, can contribute to effective reduction of alcohol use in pregnant women and related maternal and fetal injuries.

O objetivo deste artigo é estimar a prevalência e os fatores associados ao uso de álcool durante a gestação. Estudo de corte transversal em uma amostra de 361 gestantes de um serviço de referência à assistência ginecológica e pré-natal. Os dados relacionados às características sociodemográficas, uso de álcool e potenciais fatores associados foram coletados por meio de entrevista face a face. Análise de regressão de Poisson com variância robusta foi utilizada para verificar os fatores associados ao desfecho analisado. O consumo de álcool na amostra estudada foi de 17,7% (IC 95%: IC 95%: 14,1-22,0%). Antecedentes de diabetes pré-gestacional ou gestacional, ideação suicida e uso de tabaco nos últimos 30 dias foi associado ao uso de álcool durante a gestação (p < 0,05). O estudo apontou alta prevalência de uso de álcool na gestação atual e a sua associação com importantes fatores. Ações como rastreio para o álcool e aconselhamentos sobre os problemas associados ao uso dessa substância principalmente no pré-natal podem contribuir para redução efetiva ou anulação do seu uso em gestantes e agravos materno-fetais relacionados.

Necessidade de cuidador entre pessoas que vivem com transtorno mental: estudo ecológico / Necesidad de cuidador en personas que viven con trastorno mental: estudio ecológico / Need for caregivers among people living with mental disorders: an ecological study

Resumo Objetivo Identificar os usuários de um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial que apresentam dependência de cuidador e seus fatores associados. Métodos Estudo ecológico, com coleta de dados secundários de prontuários de pessoas que vivem com transtorno mental, ocorrida no ano de 2018 em um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial no Centro-Oeste brasileiro. Na análise, usou-se como variável dependente "necessidade de cuidador". Resultados Na amostra de 360 prontuários, houve prevalência do sexo feminino (220; 61,1%), idade entre 35 a 59 anos (190; 52,8%), tempo de tratamento ≤5 anos (164; 45,6%), cuidado exercido por família/amigos (162; 45,0%), diagnóstico principal de transtornos psicóticos (128; 35,6%) e em uso de antipsicóticos (275; 76,4%). Na análise múltipla, permaneceram associadas as variáveis ter escolaridade não letrado/fundamental (p=0,041), possuir transtorno psicótico (p=0,009) e usar antidepressivo (p=0,026). Conclusão O estudo apontou que fatores como ser do sexo masculino, possuir escolaridade não letrado/fundamental, ter transtorno psicótico e fazer uso de antidepressivo possuem maiores índices para dependência de cuidados e devem ser considerados e investigados pela equipe dos Centros de Atenção Psicossocial.

Resumen Objetivo Identificar los usuarios de un Centro de Atención Psicosocial que presentan dependencia de cuidador y los factores asociados. Métodos Estudio ecológico, con recopilación de datos secundarios de historias clínicas de personas que viven con trastorno mental, realizada en el año 2018 en un Centro de Atención Psicosocial en la región Centro-Oeste brasileña. En el análisis, se utilizó como variable dependiente "necesidad de cuidador". Resultados En la muestra de 360 historias clínicas, hubo prevalencia del sexo femenino (220; 61,1 %), edad entre 35 y 59 años (190; 52,8 %), tiempo de tratamiento ≤5 años (164; 45,6 %), cuidado ejercido por familia/amigos (162; 45,0 %), diagnóstico principal de trastornos psicóticos (128; 35,6 %) y en uso de antipsicóticos (275; 76,4 %). En el análisis múltiple, estuvieron asociadas las variables tener escolaridad no letrada/primaria (p=0,041), poseer trastorno psicótico (p=0,009) y tomar antidepresivos (p=0,026). Conclusión El estudio indicó que factores como ser de sexo masculino, tener escolaridad no letrada/primaria, tener trastorno psicótico y tomar antidepresivos poseen mayores índices para la dependencia de cuidados y deben ser considerados e investigados por el equipo de los Centros de Atención Psicosocial.

Abstract Objective To identify users of a Psychosocial Care Center who have caregiver dependence and their associated factors. Method This is an ecological study, with collection of secondary data from medical records of people living with mental disorders, which occurred in 2018 in a Psychosocial Care Center in the Brazilian Midwest. In the analysis, the dependent variable "need for caregiver" was used as a dependent variable. Results In the sample of 360 medical records, there was a prevalence of women (220; 61.1%), aged between 35 and 59 years (190; 52.8%), treatment time ≤5 years (164; 45.6%), care provided by family/friends (162; 45.0%), main diagnosis of psychotic disorders (128; 35.6%) and antipsychotic use (275; 76.4%). In the multiple analysis, the variables non-literacy/elementary school (p=0.041), having psychotic disorder (p=0.009) and antidepressant (p=0.026) remained associated. Conclusion The study pointed out that factors such as being men, non-literate/elementary school, having a psychotic disorder and using antidepressants have higher rates of dependence on care and should be considered and investigated by the Psychosocial Care Center team.

Prática do acolhimento na atenção psicossocial para o cuidado centrado na pessoa* / Welcoming practice in psychosocial care for the person-centered care* / Prácticas de acogimiento en atención psicosocial para la atención centrada en la persona*

RESUMO: Objetivo: analisar a prática do acolhimento na atenção psicossocial para o cuidado centrado na pessoa. Método: pesquisa social, modalidade estratégica, de abordagem qualitativa, fundamentada no referencial do Método Clínico Centrado na Pessoa, realizada com 17 profissionais de dois Centros de Atenção Psicossocial da Região Central do Brasil. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de questionário de caracterização profissiográfica e entrevistas individuais, online, entre junho e agosto de 2021. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo temática. Resultados: a categoria temática "Prática do acolhimento na atenção psicossocial" contemplou três categorias que evidenciaram o que é praticado pelos profissionais no acolhimento: 1. questões familiares; 2. questões de saúde; 3. questões psicossociais. Considerações finais: há avanços na prática de acolher de alguns profissionais que se aproxima do modelo de atenção psicossocial, porém, há a necessidade de educação permanente para que o acolhimento centrado na pessoa seja uma ação corriqueira nos serviços.

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the practice of welcoming people into psychosocial care for personcentered care. Method: A qualitative, strategic social research study based on the PersonCentered Clinical Method, conducted with 17 professionals from two Psychosocial Care Centers in the Central Region of Brazil. Data were collected using a questionnaire to characterize the profession and individual online interviews between June and August 2021. The data was subjected to thematic content analysis. Results: the thematic category "Practice of welcoming in psychosocial care" included three categories that showed what is practiced by professionals in welcoming: 1. Family issues; 2. Health issues; 3. Psychosocial issues. Final considerations: there has been progress in the welcoming practices of some professionals, which is closer to the psychosocial care model, but there is a need for ongoing education so that person-centered welcoming becomes a common action in the services.

RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar la práctica de la acogida en la atención psicosocial para una atención centrada en la persona. Método: Estudio cualitativo de investigación social estratégica basado en el Método Clínico Centrado en la Persona, realizado con 17 profesionales de dos Centros de Atención Psicosocial de la Región Centro de Brasil. Los datos se recogieron mediante un cuestionario de caracterización profesional y entrevistas individuales online entre junio y agosto de 2021. Los datos fueron sometidos al análisis de contenido temático. Resultados: la categoría temática "Práctica del acogimiento en la atención psicosocia" incluía tres categorías que mostraban lo que practican los profesionales en la acogida: 1. cuestiones familiares; 2. cuestiones sanitarias; 3. cuestiones psicosociales. Consideraciones finales: se ha avanzado en la práctica acogedora de algunos profesionales, más cercana al modelo de atención psicosocial, pero es necesaria una formación continuada para que el acogimiento centrado en la persona se convierta en una acción rutinaria en los servicios.

Risk behaviors for sexually transmitted infections in noninjecting drug users: A cross-sectional study.

The objective of this study was to investigate risk behaviors for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in noninjecting drug users (NIDUs), using STI diagnosis history as an indicator. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 323 NIDUs of two facilities for alcohol and/or drug dependence treatment in the Goiás State, Central Brazil. All participants were interviewed about risk behaviors and STI history. Multivariable analysis was performed in order to identify predictors of STIs. Adjusted prevalence ratio (APR) with confidence intervals of 95% was obtained using a Poisson regression model. Prevalence of self-reported STIs in the previous 12 months was 25.4% (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 21.0-30.4%). A multivariable model verified that age (APR: 1.01; 95% CI: 1.00-1.01), sexual contact with partners diagnosed with STIs (APR: 1.27; 95% CI: 1.12-1.45) and injecting drug users (IDUs) (APR: 1.14; 95% CI: 1.14; 95% CI: 1.01-1.31), exchange sex for money and/or drugs (APR: 1.12; 95% CI: 1.02-1.21), and a history of sexual violence (APR: 1.04; 95% CI: 1.04-1.32) were predictors of STIs. Elevated rates of STI history and risk behaviors were observed in NIDUs, supporting the vulnerability of this group for these infections. Public policies and health outreach should be intensified in this population, principally regular STI testing of individuals in treatment for drug dependence and their sexual partners.

Determinants of tobacco use by students.

OBJECTIVE: Estimate the prevalence and determinants of tobacco use by students. METHODS: This cross-sectional study, carried out between 2013 and 2014, evaluates 701 public school students between 10 and 79 years of age living in a city in the countryside of the State of Goias, Midwest of Brazil. A structured questionnaire collected the data and the predictor variables were demographic data, family nucleus, religion, physical activity practice, family functionality and parental smoking. Two multivariable models were implemented, the first for occasional tobacco use and the second for regular use, acquiring the measure of prevalence ratio (PR) and their respective 95%CI. Variables with p < 0.10 were included in Poisson regression models with robust variance to obtain the adjusted PR (adPR) and 95%CI. The Wald Chi-Squared test examined the differences between proportions, and values with p < 0.05 were statistically significant. RESULTS: The prevalence of occasional and regular tobacco use were 33.4% (95%CI 29.8-36.9) and 6.7% (95%CI 5.0-8.8), respectively. The factors associated with occasional tobacco consumption were age of 15 to 17 years (adPR = 1.98) and above 18 years (adPR = 3.87), male gender (adPR = 1.23), moderate family dysfunction (adPR = 1.30), high family dysfunction (adPR = 1.97) and parental smoking (adPR = 1.60). In regards to regular consumption of tobacco, age above 18 years (adPR = 4.63), lack of religion (adPR = 2.08), high family dysfunction (adPR = 2.35) and parental smoking (adPR = 2.89) remained associated. CONCLUSIONS: Students exhibit a high prevalence of occasional and regular tobacco use. This consumption relates to sociodemographic variables and family dysfunction. OBJETIVO: Estimar a prevalência e determinantes do consumo de tabaco por estudantes. MÉTODOS: Neste estudo de corte transversal, realizado entre 2013 e 2014, avaliamos 701 estudantes entre 10 e 79 anos de escolas públicas de um município do interior do estado de Goiás, Centro-Oeste do Brasil. Os dados foram coletados por meio de um questionário estruturado, cujas variáveis preditoras foram: dados sociodemográficos, núcleo familiar, religião, prática de atividade física, funcionalidade familiar e pai ou mãe fumante. Foram implementados dois modelos multivariáveis, o primeiro para uso de tabaco na vida e o segundo para uso regular, obtendo-se como medida de efeito razão de prevalência (RP) e seus respectivos IC95%. Variáveis com p < 0,10 foram incluídas em modelos de regressão de Poisson com variância robusta, para obtenção da RP ajustada (RPaj) e IC95%. O teste Qui-quadrado de Wald foi utilizado para testar as diferenças entre as proporções, e valores com p < 0,05 foram considerados estatisticamente significantes. RESULTADOS: As prevalências de consumo de tabaco na vida e regular foram de 33,4% (IC95% 29,8-36,9) e 6,7% (IC95% 5,0-8,8), respectivamente. Os fatores associados ao consumo de tabaco na vida foram: idade de 15 a 17 anos (RPaj = 1,98) e superior a 18 anos (RPaj = 3,87), sexo masculino (RPaj = 1,23), moderada disfuncionalidade familiar (RPaj = 1,30), elevada disfuncionalidade familiar (RPaj = 1,97) e pai ou mãe fumante (RPaj = 1,60). Em relação ao consumo regular de tabaco, permaneceram associados a idade superior a 18 anos (RPaj = 4,63), não possuir religião (RPaj = 2,08), elevada disfuncionalidade familiar (RPaj = 2,35) e pai ou mãe fumante (RPaj = 2,89). CONCLUSÕES: Estudantes apresentam elevada prevalência de consumo de tabaco na vida e regular. Esse consumo associa-se com variáveis sociodemográficas e disfuncionalidade familiar.

Screening for common mental disorder in elderly residents in the countryside: a cross-sectional study / Rastreo de trastorno mental común en ancianos residentes en el interior: estudio transversal / Rastreamento de transtorno mental comum em idosos residentes no interior: estudo transversal

ABSTRACT Objective: To estimate the prevalence of common mental disorders and their associated factors in the elderly in a municipality in the countryside of the Brazilian Midwest. Methods: Quantitative, observational, cross-sectional approach research, conducted with 218 elderly people. Results: The prevalence of the common mental disorder among the elderly was 25.1%; in the univariate analysis, it was higher in females (35.4%), in the age group of 80 years or older (46.1%), brown skin color (30.2%), widowed (42.6%), illiterate (47.6%), and retired (27.6%). In the multiple analysis, the variables female gender (p<0.006), age 80 years or older (p<0.036), dissatisfaction with life (p<0.009), lack of social interaction (p=0.017), and dysfunctional family (p=0.021) remained associated with CMD. Conclusion: The results revealed are helpful and contribute to the reinforcement of the need for mental health care in this population extract so growing worldwide.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Estimar la prevalencia de trastorno mental común y sus factores relacionados en ancianos de un municipio del interior del Medio Oeste brasileño. Métodos: Investigación de abordaje cuantitativo, observacional, transversal, realizada con 218 ancianos. Resultados: La prevalencia de trastorno mental común entre los ancianos fue de 25,1%; en el análisis univariado, fue superior en el sexo femenino (35,4%), en la franja etaria igual o superior a 80 años (46,1%), color de piel parda (30,2%), viudos (42,6%), analfabetos (47,6%) y jubilados (27,6%). En el análisis múltiple, se mantuvieron relacionados a la TMC las variables sexo femenino (p<0,006), edad igual o superior a 80 años (p<0,036), insatisfacción con la vida (p<0,009), falta de interacción social (p=0,017) y familia disfuncional (p=0,021). Conclusión: Los resultados revelados son útiles y contribuyen en el refuerzo de la necesidad de cuidados visando a la salud mental de ese extracto poblacional tan creciente mundialmente.

RESUMO Objetivo: Estimar a prevalência de transtorno mental comum e seus fatores associados em idosos de um município do interior do Centro-Oeste brasileiro. Métodos: Pesquisa de abordagem quantitativa, observacional, transversal, realizada com 218 idosos. Resultados: A prevalência de transtorno mental comum entre os idosos foi de 25,1%; na análise univariada, foi superior no sexo feminino (35,4%), na faixa etária igual ou superior a 80 anos (46,1%), cor da pele parda (30,2%), viúvos (42,6%), analfabetos (47,6%) e aposentados (27,6%). Na análise múltipla, mantiveram-se associadas à TMC as variáveis sexo feminino (p<0,006), idade igual ou superior a 80 anos (p<0,036), insatisfação com a vida (p<0,009), falta de interação social (p=0,017) e família disfuncional (p=0,021). Conclusão: Os resultados revelados são úteis e contribuem no reforço da necessidade de cuidados visando à saúde mental desse extrato populacional tão crescente mundialmente.

Potencialidades das intervenções grupais em Centros de Atenção Psicossocial Álcool e Drogas / Potencial de las intervenciones grupales en los Centros de Atención Psicosocial por Alcohol y Drogas / Potential of group interventions in Psychosocial Care Centers for Alcohol and Drugs

Resumo Objetivo analisar as potencialidades das intervenções grupais em Centros de Atenção Psicossocial Álcool e Drogas na perspectiva dos profissionais. Método pesquisa-intervenção de abordagem qualitativa. Participaram 30 profissionais de saúde mental de quatro Centros de Atenção Psicossocial Álcool e Drogas da região central do Brasil. Os dados foram coletados por meio de instrumentos autoaplicáveis e rodas de conversa com roteiro semiestruturado. Para a análise dos dados, utilizou-se a Análise de Conteúdo, modalidade Temática, com o auxílio dosoftware ATLAS.ti. Resultados a categoria temática Potencialidades das intervenções grupais contemplou quatro subcategorias que abordaram aspectos relacionados à estrutura física, aos recursos materiais, aos aspectos dos usuários, aos profissionais e aos processos de trabalho. Considerações finais e as implicações para a prática a potência da prática com grupos estava presente em grande parte dos atendimentos nos serviços pesquisados com a identificação de inúmeros fatores terapêuticos aos usuários. As intervenções aumentaram a fluidez dos processos de trabalho, razão pela qual necessitam ser mais difundidas e implementadas pelas equipes multidisciplinares nos serviços de saúde mental.

Resumen Objetivo analizar el potencial de las intervenciones grupales en los Centros de Atención Psicosocial por Alcohol y Drogas, desde la perspectiva de los profesionales. Método investigación de intervención con enfoque cualitativo. Participaron treinta profesionales de la salud mental de cuatro Centros de Atención Psicosocial por Alcohol y Drogas de la región central de Brasil. Los datos se recolectaron a través de instrumentos autoadministrados y ruedas de conversación, con un guión semiestructurado. Para el análisis de los datos se utilizó el Análisis de Contenido, modalidad temática, con la ayuda del software ATLAS.ti. Resultados la categoría temática Potenciales de intervenciones grupales incluyó cuatro subcategorías que abordaron aspectos relacionados con la estructura física, recursos materiales, aspectos de usuarios, profesionales y procesos de trabajo. Consideraciones finales e implicaciones para la práctica el poder de la práctica con grupos estuvo presente en gran parte de las consultas en los servicios encuestados, identificando numerosos factores terapéuticos para los usuarios. Las intervenciones aumentaron la fluidez de los procesos de trabajo, por lo que necesitan ser más generalizadas e implementadas por equipos multidisciplinares en los servicios de salud mental.

Abstract Objective to analyze the potential of group interventions in Psychosocial Care Centers for Alcohol and Drugs from the perspective of professionals. Method intervention-research of qualitative approach. Thirty mental health professionals from four Psychosocial Care Centers for Alcohol and Drugs in the central region of Brazil participated. The data was collected through self-applied instruments and conversation rounds with a semi-structured script. For data analysis, we used Content Analysis, Thematic modality, with the help of the ATLAS.ti software. Results the thematic category Potential of group interventions contemplated four subcategories that approached aspects related to the physical structure, material resources, user aspects, professionals and work processes. Final considerations and implications for practice the power of the practice with groups was present in much of the care in the services researched with the identification of numerous therapeutic factors for users. The interventions increased the fluidity of the work processes, which is why they need to be more widespread and implemented by multidisciplinary teams in mental health services.