RESUMO
PURPOSE: To analyze the MRI features, in particular bone bruises pattern, of Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) injured footballers, and to correlate them with the characteristics of injury mechanism and situation obtained from direct video footage. METHODS: Nineteen professional football (soccer) players that sustained ACL injury while playing during an official match of First League Championship were included in the study. The video of injury was obtained from the Television broadcast. Knee Magnetic Resonance (MRI) was obtained within 7 days from the injury. BB and meniscal lesions were analyzed on MRI, while a video-analysis of mechanisms of ACL injury and injury dynamic were assessed from the videos. RESULTS: The most commonly involved Bone Bruise areas in the knee were the Posterior Lateral Tibial Plateau (LTp) in 16 cases (84%) and the Central Lateral Femoral Condyle (LFc) in 11 cases (58%). Three patients (16%) had bone bruise in the Posterior Medial Tibial Plateau (MTp) while none (0%) had bone bruise in the Medial Femoral Condyle. Based on the bone bruise pattern, 11 (58%) had simultaneous LFc and LTp and were defined "Typical" while 8 (42%) had other locations or no bone bruise and were defined "Atypical". 9 out of 11 injuries (82%) of athletes with "Typical" pattern occurred with a "Pivoting" action", in contrast to only 1 case (12%) in those with "Atypical" bone bruise pattern (p = 0.0055). The most common situational mechanism pattern on video analysis was "pressing" (n = 7) accounting for the 47% of the "indirect" ACL injuries. In terms of movement pattern, ten injuries (52%) occurred during a "Pivoting" movement (7 pressing, 1 dribbling, 1 tackled, 1 goalkeeping), whereas the remaining were classified as "Planting" in four cases, "Direct Blow" in four cases and "Landing". CONCLUSION: A well-defined and consistent bone bruise pattern involving the posterior tibial plateau and central femoral condyle of lateral compartment is present in footballers that sustained non-contact and indirect ACL injuries during pivoting with sudden change of direction/deceleration, while heterogeneous patterns were present in those with direct contact or injury mechanisms involving high horizontal velocity. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level IV.
Assuntos
Lesões do Ligamento Cruzado Anterior , Contusões , Traumatismos do Joelho , Futebol , Humanos , Lesões do Ligamento Cruzado Anterior/diagnóstico por imagem , Lesões do Ligamento Cruzado Anterior/etiologia , Lesões do Ligamento Cruzado Anterior/patologia , Contusões/diagnóstico por imagem , Contusões/etiologia , Contusões/patologia , Hematoma , Traumatismos do Joelho/patologia , Articulação do Joelho/patologia , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Futebol/lesõesRESUMO
Paciente masculino de 54 años de edad, quien refiere inicio de enfermedad actual en junio de 2010 cuando evidencia aumento de volumen y dolor en ambos tobillos, astenia y pérdida de peso de 20 kilogramos y fiebre. Ingresó con epistaxis profusa, lesiones descamativas, dolorosas en miembros superiores, a predominio de regiones antebraquiales y manos. Inmunoelectroforesis de Ig en suero: hipergammaglobulinemia 2494mg/100ml. Biopsia de grasa periumbilical: positiva para depósitos amiloides a tinción con rojo Cong...
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Amiloidose/diagnóstico , Dermatopatias Infecciosas/patologia , Epistaxe/patologia , Dermatologia , Medicina InternaRESUMO
La amiloidosis primaria es una gammapatía monoclonal caracterizada por la formación y depósito de fibrillas insolubles de amiloide en los espacios extracelulares de diversos órganos. El plegamiento y ensamblaje anormal de esta proteína, afecta predominantemente hígado, riñon, bazo y nervios periféricos. Estos pacientes presentan una población monoclonal de células plasmáticas en médula ósea que produce constantemente pequeños fragmentos de cadenas ligeras lambda, kappa, o inmunoglobulinas, que son procesadas de manera anómala. Su infrecuencia y múltiples manifestaciones hacen del diagnóstico un reto para el clínico, quien ante su sospecha, deberá diferenciarla de otras discrasias de células plasmáticas, por lo cual el examen físico minucioso e incisivo juega un papel fundamental en el proceso diagnóstico. En este caso presentamos a un paciente masculino de 54 años cuyo cuadro clínico es caracterizado por edema y máculas hiperpigmentadas circunscritas y descamativas en cabeza y miembros superiores, y laboratorios que revelan anemia, trombocitopenia, hipoalbuminemia, hiperglobulinemia y proteinuria. Ante la sospecha clínica de amiloidosis primaria sistémica se realiza biopsia de grasa periumbilical, donde se visualizan depósitos amiloides en tinción con rojo Congo. Posterior a tratamiento con prednisona, dexametasona y talidomida presenta respuesta hematológica por lo que recibe alta médica al alcanzar mejoría clínica satisfactoria. La ausencia de reporte de casos y revisiones de literatura en nuestra población obliga a presentar este reporte y revisión como referencia diagnóstica y terapéutica.
Primary systemic amyloidosis is a monoclonal gammopathy characterized by the synthesis and extracellular deposition of an insoluble fibrillar protein, the amyloid protein, in a variety of tissues and organs. Its three dimensional beta pleated sheet configuration and abnormal assembly mostly affects liver, kidneys, spleen and peripheral nerves. Patients show free light lambda, kappa and immnoglobulin chains that are abnormally produced by monoclonal plasmatic cell population. Its infrequency and multiple manifestations make its diagnosis a challenge for the physician, who will need to be able to differentiate it from other plasma cell dyscrasias, thus, sharp physical examination plays a key role in diagnostic process. In this case we present a 54 years old male patient consulting for edema and upper limbs descamative and well defined hyperpigmented skin lesions, revaaling anemia, thrombocytopenia, hypoalbuminemia, hyperglobulinemia and proteinuria by laboratory test. In clinical suspect of primary systemic amyloidosis, periumbilical fat biopsy was performed detecting, by Congo red staining, amyloid deposits. Then, after prednisone, dexametasone and thalidomide chemotherapy was stablished, hematologic response and medical discharge was successfully archived. Because no autochthonous case reports have been published, we feel the need to present this one, and its revision, as a diagnostic and therapeutic primary systemic amyloidosis guideline.