Primitive neuroectodermal tumour with synchronous ipsilateral clear cell carcinoma of the kidney.

We report the first case of a synchronous ipsilateral primitive neuroectodermal tumour (PNET) and clear cell renal cell carcinoma of the kidney. A 37-year-old man presented to the emergency department with a 24-hour history of colicky abdominal pain and visible haematuria. He had no relevant surgical or medical history. Physical examination was unremarkable apart from mild left flank tenderness. Triphasic CT of the abdomen and pelvis showed two solid lesions in the left kidney. Further staging CT of the chest showed no evidence of local or distal metastasis. He subsequently underwent laparoscopic radical nephrectomy. Pathological analysis of the kidney showed two synchronous renal tumours, a clear cell carcinoma and PNET of the kidney. The patient received adjuvant chemotherapy according to Ewing's sarcoma chemotherapy protocol. Surveillance CT scans at 3, 6 and 12 months showed no evidence of disease recurrence or metastasis.

Adequacy and accuracy of salivary gland fine needle aspiration cytology.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a widely utilized procedure in the preoperative assessment of salivary gland mass lesions. The aim of this study was to determine the adequacy of salivary gland FNA specimens and the accuracy of the cytological diagnoses made at a single institution over a 13-year period. METHODS: All salivary gland FNAs performed at University Hospital Waterford between 2000 and 2013 were reviewed. Specimens were categorized into those performed by pathologists, radiologists or surgeons and adequacy determined for each. Cases with subsequent surgery had their histology reviewed and compared with cytology for concordance. RESULTS: Of 262 salivary gland FNAs 93.1 % were from parotids and 6.9 % from submandibular glands. Thirty-four FNAs (13 %) were inadequate. The inadequacy rates for pathologists, radiologists and surgeons were 11, 9.1 and 20 %, respectively (p = 0.101). Pleomorphic adenoma was the most frequent cytological diagnosis (53.5 %) followed by primary and secondary malignancies (15.8 %), inflammatory conditions (11.4 %) and Warthin tumour (10.1 %). The histology and cytology were discordant in 13.3 % of 143 cases. The sensitivity and specificity for malignancies were 80.7 and 98.2 %, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Salivary gland FNAC has good sensitivity and specificity. Radiologists and pathologists have the best adequacy rates and image guidance makes radiologists good aspirators.