RESUMO
The ß-haemoglobinopathies, such as sickle cell disease and ß-thalassaemia, are caused by mutations in the ß-globin (HBB) gene and affect millions of people worldwide. Ex vivo gene correction in patient-derived haematopoietic stem cells followed by autologous transplantation could be used to cure ß-haemoglobinopathies. Here we present a CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing system that combines Cas9 ribonucleoproteins and adeno-associated viral vector delivery of a homologous donor to achieve homologous recombination at the HBB gene in haematopoietic stem cells. Notably, we devise an enrichment model to purify a population of haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells with more than 90% targeted integration. We also show efficient correction of the Glu6Val mutation responsible for sickle cell disease by using patient-derived stem and progenitor cells that, after differentiation into erythrocytes, express adult ß-globin (HbA) messenger RNA, which confirms intact transcriptional regulation of edited HBB alleles. Collectively, these preclinical studies outline a CRISPR-based methodology for targeting haematopoietic stem cells by homologous recombination at the HBB locus to advance the development of next-generation therapies for ß-haemoglobinopathies.
Assuntos
Anemia Falciforme/genética , Sistemas CRISPR-Cas/genética , Edição de Genes/métodos , Marcação de Genes , Terapia Genética/métodos , Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/metabolismo , Globinas beta/genética , Alelos , Anemia Falciforme/patologia , Anemia Falciforme/terapia , Animais , Antígenos CD34/metabolismo , Proteínas Associadas a CRISPR/metabolismo , Diferenciação Celular , Linhagem da Célula , Separação Celular , Dependovirus/genética , Eritrócitos , Feminino , Citometria de Fluxo , Genes Reporter , Recombinação Homóloga , Humanos , Imãs , Camundongos Endogâmicos NOD , Camundongos SCID , Microesferas , Mutação , RNA Mensageiro/biossíntese , RNA Mensageiro/genética , Talassemia beta/genética , Talassemia beta/terapiaRESUMO
The original version of this Article omitted the following from the Acknowledgements: "G.B. acknowledges the support from the Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas (RR140081 and RR170721)."This has now been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article.
RESUMO
Gene correction in human long-term hematopoietic stem cells (LT-HSCs) could be an effective therapy for monogenic diseases of the blood and immune system. Here we describe an approach for X-linked sSevere cCombined iImmunodeficiency (SCID-X1) using targeted integration of a cDNA into the endogenous start codon to functionally correct disease-causing mutations throughout the gene. Using a CRISPR-Cas9/AAV6 based strategy, we achieve up to 20% targeted integration frequencies in LT-HSCs. As measures of the lack of toxicity we observe no evidence of abnormal hematopoiesis following transplantation and no evidence of off-target mutations using a high-fidelity Cas9 as a ribonucleoprotein complex. We achieve high levels of targeting frequencies (median 45%) in CD34+ HSPCs from six SCID-X1 patients and demonstrate rescue of lymphopoietic defect in a patient derived HSPC population in vitro and in vivo. In sum, our study provides specificity, toxicity and efficacy data supportive of clinical development of genome editing to treat SCID-Xl.
Assuntos
DNA Complementar/genética , Edição de Genes/métodos , Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas , Subunidade gama Comum de Receptores de Interleucina/genética , Doenças por Imunodeficiência Combinada Ligada ao Cromossomo X/terapia , Animais , Antígenos CD34/metabolismo , Sistemas CRISPR-Cas/genética , Linhagem Celular , Códon de Iniciação/genética , Dependovirus , Éxons/genética , Sangue Fetal/citologia , Vetores Genéticos/genética , Voluntários Saudáveis , Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/metabolismo , Humanos , Masculino , Camundongos , Mutação , Parvovirinae/genética , Cultura Primária de Células , Fatores de Tempo , Transdução Genética/métodos , Quimeras de Transplante/genética , Transplante Heterólogo/métodos , Doenças por Imunodeficiência Combinada Ligada ao Cromossomo X/genéticaRESUMO
An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.