Immunogenicity and Safety of the Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine (BBIBP-CorV) in Patients with Malignancy.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of the inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in cancer patients. MATERIAL AND METHOD: 364 cancer patients who received two doses of vaccine were enrolled. The presence of SARS-CoV-2 anti-Spike protein IgG and neutralizing antibody 2 months following vaccination were measured by ELIZA. RESULTS: Injection site pain and fever were the most common local and systemic side effects. The overall seroconversion rate was 86.9% that was lower in older age, those with hematological malignancies and chemotherapy receivers. CONCLUSION: The result of study confirmed the safety and short-term efficacy of inactivated vaccine in patients with malignancies.

Multicenter Study of Antibody Seroprevalence against COVID-19 in Patients Presenting to Iranian Cancer Centers after One Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Patients with cancer are at significantly greater risk of COVID-19 and its complications than the general population. Since IgG antibodies remain detectable well after infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus, seroprevalence can be used to estimate the proportion of the cancer population previously infected and potentially immune to SARS-CoV-2. The current study is a multi-center, prospective observational study to assess the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody in a cancer population referred for vaccination between April and June 2021. Of a total of 270 adult patients with cancer accrued, 16% reported a history of COVID-19 more than four weeks previously confirmed by PCR. At the same time, serologic positivity for SARSCoV2 IgG was found in 29% of patients prior to vaccination including nearly 20% of patients without a history of confirmed COVID-19. Seropositivity was significantly greater in females consistent with higher rates in patients with breast cancer and gynecologic cancers. A seroconversion rate of 79.5% was observed in cancer patients with a history of PCR confirmed COVID-19, less than observed in the general population. In multivariable analysis, gender and prior history of COVID-19 were both independently associated with seropositivity prior to vaccination. Follow-up is continuing of this cohort of patients with cancer following vaccination to assess antibody and clinical outcomes.

A case report of prostate cancer with leptomeningeal metastasis.

BACKGROUND: Prostate cancer is the most prevalent cancer in men. However, leptomeningeal involvement by prostate carcinoma is a rare event. CASE: Here, we report a 69-year-old patient with castration-resistant metastatic prostate cancer who presented with headache and ataxia. Brain MRI revealed a huge invasive interaxial mass at right occipital lobe with diffuse thickening and enhancement of meninges, the arachnoid, and the pia mater, and he was diagnosed with leptomeningeal carcinomatosis. The patient received whole brain radiotherapy. CONCLUSION: Despite the fact that brain and leptomeningeal metastases are not very common in patients with prostate cancer, signs and symptoms of nervous system disorders should be assessed carefully, and consideration of such unusual metastases must be considered.

A Cohort Study on the Immunogenicity and Safety of the Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine (BBIBP-CorV) in Patients With Breast Cancer; Does Trastuzumab Interfere With the Outcome?

Aim: To determine the efficacy and safety of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (BBIBP-CorV) in patients with breast cancer. Methods: In this multi- institutional cohort study, a total of 160 breast cancer patients (mean age of 50.01 ± 11.5 years old) were assessed for the SARS-CoV-2 Anti-Spike IgG and SARS-CoV2 Anti RBD IgG by ELISA after two doses of 0.5 mL inactivated, COVID-19 vaccine (BBIBP-CorV). All patients were followed up for three months for clinical COVID-19 infection based on either PCR results or imaging findings. Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events were used to assess the side effects. Results: The presence of SARS-CoV-2 anti-spike IgG, SARS-CoV2 anti-RBD IgG, or either of these antibodies was 85.7%, 87.4%, and 93.3%. The prevalence of COVID-19 infection after vaccination was 0.7%, 0% and 0% for the first, second and third months of the follow-up period. The most common local and systemic side-effects were injection site pain and fever which were presented in 22.3% and 24.3% of patients, respectively. Discussion: The inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (BBIBP-CorV) is a tolerable and effective method to prevent COVID-19.

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on the Number of Adjuvant Temozolomide Cycles in Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma.

BACKGROUND: In newly diagnosed glioblastoma, radiation with concurrent and adjuvant (six cycles) temozolomide (TMZ) is the established standard of postsurgical care. However, the benefit of extending adjuvant TMZ therapy beyond six cycles has remained unknown. METHODS: We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase up to October 1, 2021. The search keywords were "glioblastoma," "adjuvant chemotherapy," and their synonyms. The data of randomized clinical trials were extracted and included in this meta-analysis if they had reported patients' median overall survival (OS) or median progression-free survival (PFS). The standard and extended chemotherapy regimens were considered as adjuvant TMZ up to six cycles and beyond six cycles (up to a total of 12 cycles), respectively. The median OS and median PFS were pooled and compared. RESULTS: Four studies consisting of 882 patients (461 patients for the standard chemotherapy group and 421 patients for the extended chemotherapy group) were included in this meta-analysis. The extended TMZ regimen was associated with a nonsignificant improvement in PFS [12.0 months (95% CI 9.0 to 15.0) vs. 10.0 months (95% CI 7.0 to 12.0), P = 0.27] without corresponding improvement in OS [23.0 months (95% CI 19.0 to 27.0) and 24.0 months (95% CI 20.0 to 28.0), P = 0.73]. CONCLUSIONS: In newly diagnosed glioblastoma, continuing adjuvant TMZ beyond six cycles did not shown an increase neither in PFS nor OS.

Low-dose radiation therapy for osteoarthritis and enthesopathies: a review of current data.

BACKGROUND: Osteoarthritis (OA), the most common degenerative joint disease, is associated with severe functional limitation and impairment of quality of life. Numerous reports have documented the clinical efficacy of low-dose radiotherapy (LD-RT) in the management of various inflammatory disorders, including OA. In this paper, we assessed the clinical literature involving the use of LD-RT in the treatment of OA, its dose-response features, possible underlying mechanistic features, and optimal therapeutic dose range. METHODS: We carried out a systematic review based on the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statements and evaluated articles meeting the inclusion criteria for this review. RESULTS: A total of 361 articles were identified from databases, such as Scopus, PubMed, Embase, and Science Direct out of which 224 articles were duplicates and were discarded. Of the remaining 137 articles, 74 articles were un-related, 27 articles were review articles, eight were conference abstracts, three were letters, two were editorials, two were notes, and one was a book chapter. Finally, 20 articles met all the inclusion criteria and were included in this systematic review. DISCUSSION: Several single-arm retrospective/prospective studies showed advantages for LD-RT in the management of OA in terms of pain relief, improvement of mobility and function, and showed minimal side effects. Mechanistic considerations involve positive subcellular effects mediated by the activation of a nuclear factor erythroid 2-related transcription factor (Nrf2) mediated antioxidant response. Further research on both the short- and long-term effects of LD-RT on OA and other inflammatory disorders is recommended.