RESUMO
Anaplasmosis is one of the most prevalent tick-borne diseases of cattle caused by Anaplasma marginale. MSP1a surface protein has been shown to be involved in eliciting immunity to infected cattle. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) has been increasingly highlighted due to their needle like structure, which contain multiple attachment sites for biomolecules and may interact with or cross biological membranes, increasing antigen availability to immune system. Here, we have successfully designed a nanocomplex of a synthetic peptide noncovalently attached to multiwalled CNT (MWCNT). Peptide comprising the core motif of the MSP1a was efficiently adsorb onto the nanoparticle surface. The MWCNT-Am1 nanocomplex exhibited high stability and good dispersibility and in vivo immunization showed high levels of IgG1 and IgG2a, followed by increased expression of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. This is a proof-of-concept of a nanovaccine that was able to generate a strong immune response compared to the common antigen-adjuvant vaccine without the nanoparticles.
Assuntos
Anaplasmose/imunologia , Antígenos de Bactérias/imunologia , Proteínas da Membrana Bacteriana Externa/química , Proteínas da Membrana Bacteriana Externa/imunologia , Nanotubos de Carbono/química , Células Th1/imunologia , Células Th2/imunologia , Anaplasma/imunologia , Anaplasma/patogenicidade , Anaplasmose/prevenção & controle , Animais , Antígenos de Bactérias/química , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Feminino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Reação em Cadeia da PolimeraseRESUMO
Since prostate cancer (PCa) relies on limited therapies, more effective alternatives are required. Essential oils (EOs) and their bioactive compounds are natural products that have many properties including anticancer activity. This review covers studies published between 2000 and 2023 and discusses the anti-prostate cancer mechanisms of the EOs from several plant species and their main bioactive compounds. It also provides a critical perspective regarding the challenges to be overcome until they reach the market. EOs from chamomile, cinnamon, Citrus species, turmeric, Cymbopogon species, ginger, lavender, Mentha species, rosemary, Salvia species, thyme and other species have been tested in different PCa cell lines and have shown excellent results, including the inhibition of cell growth and migration, the induction of apoptosis, modulation in the expression of apoptotic and anti-apoptotic genes and the suppression of angiogenesis. The most challenging aspects of EOs, which limit their clinical uses, are their highly lipophilic nature, physicochemical instability, photosensitivity, high volatility and composition variability. The processing of EO-based products in the pharmaceutical field may be an interesting alternative to circumvent EOs' limitations, resulting in several benefits in their further clinical use. Identifying their bioactive compounds, therapeutic effects and chemical structures could open new perspectives for innovative developments in the field. Moreover, this could be helpful in obtaining versatile chemical synthesis routes and/or biotechnological drug production strategies, providing an accurate, safe and sustainable source of these bioactive compounds, while looking at their use as gold-standard therapy in the close future.
RESUMO
Soft drinks are industrialized unfermented beverages, free of alcohol, carbonated, rich in artificial flavors and sugar. The intense consumption of such beverages can be related to not inheritable diseases such as caries, allergy, cellulite and stretch marks, gastrointestinal disorders, diabetes and cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the carcinogenic potential of different concentrations of soft drinks produced in the Uberlândia city, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, by means of Epithelial Tumor Detection Test using Drosophila melanogaster as a model. Third stage larvae descendants of crosses between D. melanogaster virgin females wts/TM3, sb¹ and males mwh/mwh were treated with different concentrations (0.83, 1.66 or 3.33 mL/g) of cola, diet cola, orange or lemon soft drinks. The total epithelial tumor rate observed in flies treated with 3.33 mL/g of cola and orange soft drinks was higher than the negative control. The diet cola and lemon caused no significant increase in the overall frequency of epithelial tumors in D. melanogaster. In conclusion, in these experimental conditions, the cola and orange base soft drinks demonstrated carcinogenic potential in somatic cells of D. melanogaster in the concentration of 3.33 mL/g.
Refrigerantes são bebidas industrializadas não fermentadas, livre de álcool, carbonatadas, ricas em aromas artificiais e açúcar. O consumo intenso dessas bebidas pode estar relacionada à doenças não herdáveis como, cáries, quadros alérgicos, formação de celulite e estrias cutâneas, alterações gastrointestinais, diabetes e câncer. O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar o potencial carcinogênico de diferentes concentrações de refrigerantes produzidos no município de Uberlândia, Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Foi realizado o Teste de Detecção de Tumor Epitelial em Drosophila melanogaster. Larvas de terceiro estágio descendentes do cruzamento entre fêmeas virgens wts/TM3, sb¹ e machos mwh/mwh de D. melanogaster foram tratadas com diferentes concentrações (0,83; 1,66 ou 3,33 mL/g) de refrigerantes à base de cola, diet cola, laranja e limão. Os resultados mostraram aumento na frequência de tumor epitelial em moscas tratadas 3,33 mL/g de refrigerantes à base de cola e de laranja, quando comparados ao controle negativo. Os refrigerantes diet cola e limão não provocaram aumento na frequência de tumor epitelial em D. melanogaster. Em conclusão, nessas condições experimentais, os refrigerantes à base de cola e laranja mostraram potencial carcinogênico em células somáticas de D. melanogaster na concentração de 3,33 mL/g.