RESUMO
SOCS2, a member of suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) family, is a negative regulator of the signal pathway Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK/STAT). Growth hormone (GH) could stimulate lipolysis in adipose tissue. To demonstrate the specific influence of SOCS2 on porcine adipocytes differentiation and lipid metabolism induced by GH, we induced porcine primary adipocytes with 500 ng/ml GH and then tested the triglyceride (TG) accumulation and mRNA expressions of crucial genes in lipid metabolism like peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), fatty acid synthase (FAS), adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL), SOCS2 and SOCS3. Then we retested these genes expressions in different time point after further treatment that over expressed SOCS2 in primary adipocytes and treated with 500 ng/ml GH. Results showed 500 ng/ml GH significantly restrained the porcine primary adipocytes differentiation. Specifically, 0.5 h after the induction with GH, accumulation of TG began to increase, and turned down since 8 h after. GH could promote PPARγ and FAS expressions during earlier stage (0-1 h), restrain from 4 h. However, ATGL and HSL mRNA expressions were stabile increasing. The expression of SOCS2 increased steadily after GH stimulation while SOCS3 expression was instantaneous rise. Overexpression of SOCS2 significantly decreased GH-induced the increase of PPARγ, FAS, ATGL and HSL mRNA expressions in earlier stage (0-1 h), as well as FAS and ATGL protein expression. Otherwise SOCS2 overexpression significantly decreased signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3), signal transducers and activators of transcription 5 (STAT5) mRNA expressions and tyrosine phosphorylation levels with GH stimulation. At the same time SOCS3 mRNA kept in a lower level in Ad-SOCS2 transfected adipocytes. In conclusion, SOCS2 might be an important negative regulator of GH signaling in porcine adipocytes, which would provide the ground work for the mechanism of SOCS2 regulation fat metabolism.
Assuntos
Adipócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Adipócitos/metabolismo , Gorduras/metabolismo , Hormônio do Crescimento/farmacologia , Proteínas Supressoras da Sinalização de Citocina/metabolismo , Animais , Regulação da Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Lipase/genética , Masculino , Receptores Ativados por Proliferador de Peroxissomo/genética , Fator de Transcrição STAT3/metabolismo , Fator de Transcrição STAT5/metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais/efeitos dos fármacos , Suínos , Transcrição Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Triglicerídeos/metabolismo , Receptor fas/genéticaRESUMO
To investigate the characteristics of rhesus monkey embryonic stem cells and to promote their clinical application, the differentiation and proliferation of rosettes neural stem cells from GFP marked rhesus monkey embryonic stem cells were studied The results showed that: 1) A stable and high-efficient neural differentiation system was established. More than 95% of the embryonic stem cells were differentiated into neural stem cells on the 12(th) days of differentiation; 2) the rosettes neural stem cells differentiated from the rhesus monkey embryonic stem cells could maintain their rosettes-shape by proliferating with bFGF/EGF; 3) the neural stem cells could differentiate into neurons after transplanted into the rhesus monkey brain. In conclusion, the rosettes neural stem cells differentiated from rhesus monkey embryonic stem cells could maintain their characteristics after proliferation with bFGF/EGF and they could survive and differentiate into neurons after transplanted into the rhesus monkey brain, which strongly supports the clinical application of neural stem cells in the future.
Assuntos
Diferenciação Celular , Proliferação de Células , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Células-Tronco Embrionárias/citologia , Células-Tronco Embrionárias/transplante , Macaca mulatta , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso/terapia , Animais , Células Cultivadas , Humanos , Macaca mulatta/fisiologia , Sistema Nervoso/citologia , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso/cirurgia , Neurônios/citologia , Transplante HomólogoRESUMO
In the present study, the differences between addictive memory and ordinary memory were investigated by morphine-induced and food-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) in adolescent and adult mice. The result showed that: 1) morphine-induced CPP could be established in adult mice but not in adolescent mice. 2) food-induced CPP could be established both in adolescent and adult mice. This study indicated that between adolescent and adult mice, there was no difference in ordinary memory, but for addictive memory, they were quite different. Our data suggested that the development of addictive memory and ordinary memory system in mouse brain might not be paralleled.